Following the discovery of therapeutic molecules and the identification of specific biological targets, preparation of regulatory dossiers entails extensive product development and characterization to support their safety, efficacy, and stability. We...
Background/Objectives: Lactic acid bacteria have long been recognized as pivotal microorganisms in food fermentation and health promotion. However, their significance has recently grown due to innovative applications in various fields, particularly a...
The pharmaceutical industry faces a broken drug development pipeline, characterized by high costs, slow timelines and is prone to high failure rates. The convergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and quantum technologies is poised to fundamentally...
Background: Proper storage of biofluids is critical to preserving their molecular integrity for downstream applications. This study investigates the effect of different storage temperatures on the stability of preservative-free urine samples over a t...
Background/Objectives: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common acute leukemia in adults, with over 50% of individuals succumbing to the disease annually. This study aimed to assess the correlation between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes a...
Background: Microglial cells are the resident immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and constitute the brain’s innate immune system. They are the smallest of the glial cells and are derived from phagocytic white blood cells, fetal mo...
Background/Objectives: Drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) are an important cause of morbidity in hospitalized patients, but their epidemiology and management in the inpatient setting are not well defined. Mislabeling of drug allergies may lead to...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) signifies a devastating impact on the quality of life of patients and their families. At a biomolecular level, AD is characterized by the deposition of extracellular plaques of β-amyloid (Aβ), affecting langua...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the leading cause of dementia, is defined by two pathological hallmarks, amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau tangles—both now structurally resolved at near-atomic precision thanks to cryo...
Background/Objectives: Approximately 20% of familial ALS (fALS) cases are linked to mutations in Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1). Through a gain function, SOD1 misfolding exerts a toxic effect on motor neurons, leading to their degradation and ALS...
RASopathies are a heterogeneous group of genetic syndromes caused by germline mutations in genes encoding proteins of the RAS/MAPK pathway, which are essential in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and survival. Although characteri...
Skeletal muscle is increasingly recognized as a dynamic endocrine organ whose secretome—particularly myokines—serves as a central hub for the coordination of systemic metabolic health, inflammation, and tissue adaptation. This review inte...
Background/Objectives: Ginsenosides, one of the most pharmaceutically valuable chemical compounds in Panax ginseng, are synthesized with several enzymes, including UGTs. UGTs determine absorbability and physiological function upon consumption. Thus,...
Oxidative stress and inflammation are deeply interconnected processes implicated in the onset and progression of numerous chronic diseases. Despite promising mechanistic insights, conventional antioxidant and anti-inflammatory therapies such as NSAID...
Background: Cadmium (Cd) pollution poses a significant environmental challenge. Microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP), an advanced bioremediation approach, relies on the co-precipitation of soluble metals with the microbial hydrolysate f...
The global transition to a circular bioeconomy is accelerating the demand for sustainable, high-performance materials. Filamentous fungi represent a promising solution, as they function as living foundries that transform low-value biomass into advanc...
Proteins are dynamic macromolecules whose functions are intricately linked to their structural flexibility. Recent breakthroughs in deep learning have enabled accurate prediction of static protein structures. However, understanding protein function i...
Osteoporosis is a common skeletal disease that leads to increased bone fragility, associated with increased risk of fracture and consequent significant morbidity and mortality, and is a global public health problem. It results from a chronic imbalanc...
Introduction: Anemia, characterized by a reduction in hemoglobin concentration, is a widespread health concern globally, impacting individuals across various demographics. Iron deficiency, often compounded by inadequate folic acid levels, is a primar...
IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a subacute, progressive, multisystemic autoinflammatory condition which presents with nonspecific symptoms like weight loss, fatigue and myalgia, and is marked by lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates rich in IgG4-positive p...
Background/Objectives: Pemphigus is a rare blistering disease characterized by a chronic course, associated with significant mortality and morbidity. This review article aims to delve into three Pemphigus subtypes: Pemphigus Vulgaris, Pemphigus Folia...
Background: Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) has become an essential target for the clinical treatment of various important diseases, including type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, and breast cancer, owing to its diverse substrate specificity. P...
Colon cancer ranks among the most prevalent and lethal cancers worldwide. Lifestyle and dietary factors—such as high consumption of processed foods, red meat, and alcohol, coupled with sedentary behavior—are key contributors to its develo...
The growing success of oncologic therapies has led to a significant improvement in patient survival; however, this has been accompanied by an increasing incidence of cardiovascular adverse events, particularly cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfuncti...
Prostate cancer continues to be the most common cause of cancer-related disease and mortality among men worldwide, especially in the advanced stages, notably metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), which poses significant treatment c...
Background: Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) hold transformative potential for cardiovascular regenerative medicine, yet their clinical application is hindered by suboptimal mitochondrial maturation and metabolic ineffi...
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a rare, progressive form of pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension characterized by persistent, organized thromboemboli in the pulmonary vasculature, leading to vascular remodeling, elevated pulm...
Background/Objectives: Passiflora (passionflower), traditionally used for anxiety and insomnia, is primarily known for GABAergic modulation. However, evidence suggests broader neuropharmacological actions. This review aimed to systematically explore...
Background: Transcription factor pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1) plays a central role in pancreatic development and insulin regulation. However, its role in breast cancer remains largely unexplored. Objective: This study investigated the ef...
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, with metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) emerging as major etiologies. This review explores the epidem...
Anesthesia is a cornerstone of modern medicine, enabling surgery, pain management, and critical care. Despite its widespread use, the precise molecular mechanisms of anesthetic action remain incompletely understood. Recent advancements in structural...
Biochemistry, or the chemistry of life, is an interdisciplinary science that uses strategies and methods from all exact and natural sciences [...]
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has revolutionized neuroscience by enabling the analysis of cellular heterogeneity and dynamic molecular processes at the single-cell resolution. In spinal cord research, scRNA-seq provides critical insights int...
Studies in animals and humans suggested that the tonic dopamine inhibition of prolactin release may be estimated by submaximal prolactin stimulation by thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), the mini-TRH test. Because patients with schizophrenia may be...
Background/Objectives: Propranolol HCl (PPH), a nonselective beta-adrenergic receptor blocker, is employed as an anti-hypertensive, anti-anginal, anti-arrhythmic, and anti-migraine agent. Given its utility in chronic conditions, developing a sustaine...
Radiation therapy offers well-established benefits in enhancing loco-regional control, distant disease control, and breast-cancer-specific survival. However, it is not without its challenges, particularly in breast cancer patients, where advances in...
Traditional materials synthesis often involves energy-intensive processes with significant waste generation and limited control over material properties. This review examines synthetic biology as a sustainable alternative for designing advanced mater...
Proteins are structurally and functionally diverse biomacromolecules that serve a variety of essential activities to ensure complex biological homeostasis. The desire to elucidate and enhance these biological functions has been at the forefront of re...
Background/Objectives: N-Myristoyltransferase inhibitors (NMTi) represent a novel antiviral strategy against mammarenaviruses such as Lassa and Junin viruses. The Z matrix protein inhibits viral ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity in a dose-dependent m...
Oral solid drug delivery continues to be the gold standard in pharmaceutical formulations, owing to its cost-effectiveness, ease of administration, and high patient compliance. Tablets, the most widely used dosage form, are favored for their precise...
Background/Objectives: Burns are a prevalent health concern that manifest on the skin’s surface or within organs due to various traumas and necessitate prompt intervention. The healing process of the skin involves a sequence of time-dependent e...
The XXI SPB National Congress of Biochemistry 2021 was held at the University of Évora in Portugal on 14–16 October 2021 [...]
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) phantoms are essential tools for calibrating imaging systems, validating diagnostic algorithms, and bridging technological advancements with clinical applications. This review explores the development and applicatio...
Personalized cancer vaccines are a promising immunotherapy targeting patient-specific tumor neoantigens, yet their design and efficacy remain challenging. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) provide powerful tools to enhance multiple stag...
Metabolic engineering of the shikimate pathway offers a promising strategy for enhancing the production of aromatic compounds in microbial hosts. However, feedback inhibition of key enzymes, such as the 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate syn...
The Ebola virus (EBOV), a highly lethal pathogen causing hemorrhagic fever, poses a persistent public health threat, with devastating multi-organ complications and high transmission potential through bodily fluids. EBOV’s pathogenesis is marked...
Evidence found in the literature indicates that dimeric flavonoids constitute important therapeutic options against cancer. Using these molecules to prevent cancer progression might be a novel and promising therapeutic approach with advantages like f...
Isoquinoline derivatives exhibit a range of biological properties, including antibacterial activity, and are thus attractive as a scaffold for developing broad-spectrum antibacterial compounds. A series of six isoquinoline-based compounds were synthe...
Background/Objectives: Plant-derived compounds are increasingly valued in drug discovery for their therapeutic potential. This study aims to examine the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties of kombucha beverages fermented with Garden...
Vanillin, an aromatic aldehyde, is one of the most popular flavors worldwide, extensively used in the food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and agrochemical industries. Despite its widespread use, less than 1% of the total vanillin production is natural,...
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