Crystals, Volume 12, Issue 5

Laser Surface Remelting (LSR) was applied to arc-melted Al-20Si-0.2Sr, Al-20Si-0.2Ce, and Al-20Si hypereutectic alloys to refine microstructures. Experiments revealed that microstructures in the melt pool varied from fully eutectic to a mixture of Al...

The clogging behavior of the micro-orifice under a flow accelerated condition was investigated after 500 h of immersion in high-temperature water. The results indicated the residual area of the micro-orifice was reduced to one-third of its original s...

The current Special Issue collected 19 original articles reporting the results of theoretical and experimental studies that provide new insights into this fascinating new generation manufacturing process, additive manufacturing (AM) [...]

Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) have been extremely popular in recent decades, owing to their superior properties. However, how to improve the surface functions and durability of BMGs has always been a key engineering issue. In this work, a facile laser...

Transparent Ga and In co-doped ZnO (ZnO:Ga-In) semiconductor thin films were deposited on Corning glass substrates by the sol-gel spin-coating process. The ZnO:Ga-In thin films were used as the sensing layer of metal–semiconductor–metal (...

Alumina (Al₂O₃) composite ceramics with different composition ratio and particle-size distribution were fabricated by the material extrusion and photo-polymerization combined process (MEX-PPM) based on additive-manufacturing (AM) technology in our pr...

In the present review, new approaches for the stabilization of metastable phases of zinc oxide and the growth of ZnO single crystals under high pressures and high temperatures are considered. The problems of the stabilization of the cubic modificatio...

This study documents a systematic analysis of the global Schmid factor for different deformation mechanisms in α′/α and β-grains in different forms of direct metal laser sintered (DMLS) Ti6Al4V(ELI) based on EBSD data. A novelt...

Due to the need to develop smart materials for a variety of applications such as catalysts and drug delivery, the development of photoresponsive polymers is receiving increasing attention. In particular, the photoisomerization of spiropyran (SP), unl...

Four pincer-type Co (II) complexes of the 2,4-bis (3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-6-methoxy-1,3,5-triazine ligand (L) were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against lung and breast cancer cell lines using cell viability assay. The X-ray single...

A wider operational bandwidth, a higher electromechanical coupling factor, and lower acoustic impedance are important requirements for ultrasound transducers for use across many applications. Conventional 2-2 piezoelectric composite transducers have...

High-pressure polymorphism is a developing interdisciplinary field. Pressure up to 20 GPa is a powerful thermodynamic parameter for the study and fabrication of hydrogen-bonded polymorphic systems. This review describes how pressure can be used to ex...

Continuous polishing is the first choice for machining optical elements with a large aperture. The lubrication in the continuous polishing is an important factor affecting the surface quality of the optical elements. In this study, the lubrication sy...

In this paper, in order to develop composition ceramics for an acoustic emission sensor application for nondestructive testing, Pb(Ni,Nb_2/3)O₃-Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃-Pb(Mg,W)O₃ [PNN-PZT-PMW] system ceramics were manufactured by conventional mixed oxide method u...

The target compound, 2-amino-4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-6-methoxy-4H-benzo[h]chromene -3-carbonitrile (4), was synthesized via the reaction of 4-methoxynaphthalen-1-ol (1), 2,3-dichlorobenzaldehyde (2), and malononitrile (3) in an ethanolic piperidine so...

Steel products are coated with Aluminum (Al) and Zinc (Zn) alloys to improve their corrosion properties. Bulk steel products are coated in batches; however, steel sheets are coated by a continuous hot-dip galvanizing process. Steel sheets are guided...

The deposition of a calcium oxalate layer on dolomite demonstrates potential application in stone culture heritage conservation. However, due to insufficient coverage and the presence of cracks, the film’s usefulness is restricted. In this inve...

Solid-state multi-focal and volumetric technologies highlight the future of 3D-display development. One of the most convenient implementations of multi-focal 3D displays are stacks of transparent liquid crystal displays. In this work, the core elemen...

In this paper, a microstructure-dependent magneto-electro-elastic functionally graded porous (MEEFGP) beam model is proposed using a variational approach. To account for the microstructure effect, the extended modified couple stress theory is incorpo...

Al–Si eutectic alloys are industrially important; they play a significant role in the casting-manufacturing of most materials. The properties of the materials are governed by their microstructure, which can be tuned by adjusting the solidificat...

To facilitate measuring crystal sizes during batch crystallization at high-solid concentrations by using an invasive imaging system, an in situ imaging measurement strategy based on edge detection and superpixel is proposed for the ambiguous boundary...

Microchannels in LC:PDMS structures must be of good quality and suitable geometry to achieve the desired orientation of the liquid crystalline molecules inside. When applying a casting technique, with the molds obtained even by the most accurate meth...

WHM materials (W = Zr/Hf, H = Si/Ge/Sn, M = S/Se/Te) represent a large family of topological semimetals, which have attracted intensive interest since they are considered to be good candidates for studying various topological states. Here, we report...

The extensive use of color dyes in modern society has resulted in serious concerns of water contamination. Many organic dyes bear charges; thus, materials of opposite charges have been tested for sorptive removal. However, the results from several st...

A novel strategy is proposed to design an exclusive nanostructured mullite spherical feedstock for environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) via atmosphere plasma spraying (APS). The nanostructured mullite spherical feedstocks are successfully obtained b...

Honeycomb composites (HCs) are diversely employed in aerospace, national defense and other fields owing to their remarkable spatial geometry and excellent mechanical properties. Their complex hexagonal cell structure and heterogeneous material proper...

Li-rich layered oxide (LRLO) materials are promising positive-electrode materials for Li-ion batteries. Antisite defects, especially nickel and lithium ions, occur spontaneously in many LRLOs, but their impact on the functional properties in batterie...

Among transition metal oxides, manganites have attracted significant attention because of colossal magnetoresistance (CMR)—a magnetic field-induced metal–insulator transition close to the Curie temperature. CMR is closely related to the f...

This paper studied an atomic layer etching (ALE) technique with a surface treatment function for InAlN/GaN heterostructures with AlN spacer layers. Various parameters were attempted, and 30 s O₂ + 15 W BCl₃ was chosen as the optimal recipe. The optim...

In this study, III-nitride red micro-light-emitting diodes (µLEDs) with ultralow forward voltage are demonstrated on a strain relaxed template. The forward voltage ranges between 2.00 V and 2.05 V at 20 A/cm² for device dimensions from 5 ×...

The microstructure, mechanical properties, and wear behavior of three Al–Si alloys, namely: Al–1.3%Si, Al–1.5%Si and Al–13.5%Si were investigated. The specimens were examined by using an optical microscope to investigate the m...

Satin SiCf/SiC composite has a wide range of applications; it is necessary to study its mechanical properties. The progressive failure of five-harness five-layer satin weave SiCf/SiC plate composites was explored experimentally and numerically in thi...

High-temperature fatigue tests are carried out to investigate the fatigue crack initiation behavior of ferrite–pearlite steel. Two approaches to modeling fatigue crack initiation under high temperatures in ferrite–pearlite steel are devel...

The underutilized cement-rich fine fraction of concrete-based demolition waste is a potential sorbent for aqueous metal ion contaminants. In this study, crushed concrete fines (CCF) were found to exclude 33.9 mg g⁻¹ of Cr³⁺, 35.8 mg g⁻¹ o...

Active research has been conducted in recent years on heating construction materials using nanotechnology to solve the problem of black ice, which is often the cause of frequent traffic accidents during winter. To determine the optimal heating constr...

The synthesis and characterization of novel ionic liquid crystals based on pyridinium salts with Br⁻ and PF₆⁻ counterions are described in this work. These pyridinium salts were derived from 4-hydroxypyridine, both by N- and O-alkylation....

Pyrazole-phenylmethanimines (Shiff bases), Py–N=CH–Ph, form molecular crystals whose supramolecular and self-assembly properties can be tuned according to the substitution made on the aromatic and pyrazole rings. In pursuit of the first p...

Developing low-temperature nickel-based catalysts with good resistance to coking and sintering for dry reforming of methane (DRM) is of great significance. In this work, Ni (5 wt%) and CeO₂ (5 wt%) were supported on SBA-15 porous material by glycine-...

Oligopeptidase B (OPB) is the least studied group from the prolyl oligopeptidase family. OPBs are found in bacteria and parasitic protozoa and represent pathogenesis factors of the corresponding infections. OPBs consist of two domains connected by a...

Exotic superconductivity that appears near the charge ordering instability has attracted significant interest since the beginning of superconducting study. The discovery of possible coexistence of charge ordering and superconductivity in cuprates and...

Congruent In:Yb:Ho:${\mathrm{LiNbO}}_3$ crystals with different ${\mathrm{In}}^{3+}$ concentrations have been grown by Czochralski method. Red and green upconversion emissions were observed under 980 nm excitation at room temperature. The effect of ${\mathrm{In}}^{3+}$ on the upconversion lumine...

The layer growth rates and resulting crystal purity during solid-layer melt crystallization were experimentally measured for acrylic acid (AA) with impurity propionic acid (PA) operated at various cooling temperatures. A power law was adopted to corr...

The bubble concrete (BC) produced by mixing high-strength hollow bodies into concrete has been proven to be effective in reducing density while maintaining strength. It has been verified that the position distribution of hollow bodies inside hardened...

We propose a simple solid–liquid–solid triple layer biosensor platform based on bound states in the continuum (BICs) and Fano resonances to detect the acoustic properties of liquids and apply the method to a mixture of water and albumin w...

This paper presents a new numerical approach for the full extraction of the coupling-of-modes (COM) parameters by stationary and eigenfrequency analyses in the finite element method (FEM). This is a fast method extracting from the results of static a...

The present report builds upon work recently published on crystal and polycrystal dislocation mechanics behaviors assessed, in part, in split-Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) and shock loading investigations. A connection between the flow stress depende...

In the present work, Bi_1.05Fe_1−xMn_xO₃, (x = 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07, 0.10) NPs were synthesized successfully using the sol-gel technique followed by annealing at 550 °C. The synthesized NPs were investigated for their structural, ferroele...

Efficiency has been known to be one of the most important factors in a solar cell. This article presents the results of a simulation performed on a perovskite/CIGS dual-junction solar cell. In this report, first, a top solar cell consisting of a pero...

An Ni-CeO₂ catalyst with high Ni loading (50 wt.%) prepared by a salt-assisted solution combustion method was characterized by different methods and used for CO₂ methanation. The specific surface area of the Ni-CeO₂ catalyst prepared by salt-assisted...

Analysis of two crystal structures of lithium bis(pentafluoroethanesulfonyl)imide is presented. Two orientations of the anion, that is a cis and trans orientation, are observed. Both structures exhibit unique interactions leading to the formation of...