Remote Sensing, Volume 13, Issue 15

Urbanization increases the amount of impervious surfaces, making accurate information on spatial and temporal expansion trends essential; the challenge is to develop a cost- and labor-effective technique that is compatible with the assessment of mult...

This paper demonstrates an integrative 3D model of short-wave infrared (SWIR) hyperspectral mapping and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based digital elevation model (DEM) for a carbonate rock outcrop including limestone and dolostone in a field condit...

Global navigation satellite system (GNSS)-based synthetic aperture radar interferometry (InSAR) employs GNSS satellites as transmitters of opportunity and a fixed receiver with two channels, i.e., direct wave and echo, on the ground. The repeat-pass...

An Algerian Eddy, anticyclonic vortex generated by the instability of the Algerian Current in the southwestern Mediterranean Sea, is studied using data provided by drifters (surface currents), Argo floats (temperature and salinity profiles), environm...

To combat main lobe jamming, preventive measures can be applied to radar in advance based on the concept of active antagonism, and efficient antijamming strategies can be designed through reinforcement learning. However, uncertainties in the radar an...

The availability of global digital elevation models (DEMs) from multiple time points allows their combination for analysing vegetation changes. The combination of models (e.g., SRTM and TanDEM-X) can contain errors, which can, due to their synergisti...

In this paper, we propose a cross-direction and progressive network, termed CPNet, to solve the pan-sharpening problem. The full processing of information is the main characteristic of our model, which is reflected as follows: on the one hand, we pro...

In recent years, many cities in the Chinese loess plateau (especially in Shanxi province) have encountered ground subsidence problems due to the construction of underground projects and the exploitation of underground resources. With the completion o...

Earth rotation parameters (ERP) are one of the key parameters in realization of the International Terrestrial Reference Frames (ITRF). At present, the International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS) generates the satellite laser ranging (SLR)-based ERP pr...

This study investigates the uncertainties associated with estimates of the long-range transport SO₂ (LRT-SO₂) flow rate calculated hourly using Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) synthetic radiances. These radiances were simulat...

We present a workflow for investigating large, slow-moving landslides which combines the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) technique, GIS post-processing, and airborne laser scanning (ALS), and apply it to Fels landslide in Alaska, US. First, we exploit...

Point clouds derived using structure from motion (SfM) algorithms from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly used in civil engineering practice. This includes areas such as (vegetated) rock outcrops or faces above linear constructions (e.g...

Ground-based GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) reference stations lack the capacity to provide data for ocean regions with sufficient spatial-temporal resolution, limiting the detailed study of the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA). Thus, t...

On 13 December 2020, Etna volcano entered a new eruptive phase, giving rise to a number of paroxysmal episodes involving increased Strombolian activity from the summit craters, lava fountains feeding several-km high eruptive columns and ash plumes, a...

Remote sensing change detection (RSCD) is an important yet challenging task in Earth observation. The booming development of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in computer vision raises new possibilities for RSCD, and many recent RSCD methods have...

Among the most frequently used satellite data are surface chlorophyll concentration (Chl) and temperature (SST). These data can be degraded in some coastal areas, for example, in the Baltic Sea. Other popular sources of data are reanalysis models. Be...

The recent COVID-19 pandemic affected various aspects of life. Several studies established the consequences of pandemic lockdown on air quality using satellite remote sensing. However, such studies have limitations, including low spatial resolution o...

Automatic target recognition (ATR) in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images has been widely used in civilian and military fields. Traditional model-based methods and template matching methods do not work well under extended operating conditions (EOCs...

Nowadays, laser disdrometers constitute a very appealing tool for measuring surface precipitation properties, by virtue of their capability to estimate not only the rainfall amount and intensity, but also the number, the size and the velocity of fall...

Shoreline change analysis is an important environmental monitoring tool for evaluating coastal exposure to erosion hazards, particularly for vulnerable habitats such as coastal wetlands where habitat loss is problematic world-wide. The increasing ava...

Mapping biodiversity is essential for assessing conservation and ecosystem services in global terrestrial ecosystems. Compared with remotely sensed mapping of forest biodiversity, that of grassland plant diversity has been less studied, because of th...

In this paper, we propose a new reduced-dynamic (RD) method by introducing the second-order time-difference position (STP) as additional pseudo-observations (named the RD_STP method) for the precise orbit determination (POD) of low Earth orbiters (LE...

Wetlands are one of the most biologically productive ecosystems. Wetland ecosystem services, ranging from provision of food security to climate change mitigation, are enormous, far outweighing those of dryland ecosystems per hectare. However, land us...

Precise point positioning with ambiguity resolution (PPP-AR) based on multiple global navigation satellite system (multi-GNSS) constellations is an important high-precision positioning tool. However, some unmodeled satellite and receiver biases (such...

The Arctic is a region that is expected to experience a high increase in temperature. Changes in the timing of phenological phases, such as the onset of growth (as observed by remote sensing), is a sensitive bio-indicator of climate change. In this p...

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) provides high-resolution images of the Earth’s surface irrespective of sunlight and weather conditions. In conventional spaceborne SAR, nadir echoes caused by the pulsed operation of SAR may significantly affect the SAR...

Understory vegetation plays an important role in the structure and function of forest ecosystems. Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) can provide understory information in the form of either point cloud or full-waveform data. Point cloud data have a...

Sea surface height can be measured with the delay between reflected and direct global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals. The arrival time of a feature point, such as the waveform peak, the peak of the derivative waveform, and the fraction of...

Detection of aircrafts in satellite images is a challenging problem when the background is strongly reflective clouds with varying transparency. We develop a fast and effective detection algorithm that can find almost all aircrafts above and between...

Phenological events are good indicators of the effects of climate change, since phenological phases are sensitive to changes in environmental conditions. Although several national phenological networks monitor the phenology of different plant species...

License plate image reconstruction plays an important role in Intelligent Transportation Systems. In this paper, a super-resolution image reconstruction method based on Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) is proposed. The proposed method mainly con...

Most previous studies tend to simplify the lunar regolith as a homogeneous medium. However, the lunar regolith is not completely homogeneous, because there are weak reflections from the lunar regolith layer. In this study, we examined the weak hetero...

Dust aerosols have great effects on global and regional climate systems. The Global Change Observation Mission-Climate (GCOM-C), also known as SHIKISAI, which was launched on 23 December 2017 by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), is a nex...

In this paper, a self-made, mineral, multi-angle, spectrum measurement device is employed to measure the multi-angle spectra of olivine and plagioclase; the multi-angle spectra of ilmenite in the Reflectance Experiment Laboratory (RELAB) Spectral Lib...

Urban object segmentation and classification tasks are critical data processing steps in scene understanding, intelligent vehicles and 3D high-precision maps. Semantic segmentation of 3D point clouds is the foundational step in object recognition. To...

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a major winter wheat disease in China. The accurate and timely detection of wheat FHB is vital to scientific field management. By combining three types of spectral features, namely, spectral bands (SBs), vegetation indic...

Flooding is one of the most widespread and frequent weather-related hazards that has devastating impacts on the society and ecosystem. Monitoring flooding is a vital issue for water resources management, socioeconomic sustainable development, and mai...

Conservation and policy agendas, such as the European Biodiversity strategy, Aichi biodiversity (target 5) and Common Agriculture Policy (CAP), are overlooking the progress made in mountain grassland cover conservation by 2020, which has significant...

Sea surface currents observed by high-frequency (HF) radars have been widely used in ocean circulation research. In this study, hourly sea surface currents observed by the Taiwan Coastal Ocean Dynamics Applications Radar (CODAR) system from 2015 to 2...

The Laurentian Great Lakes comprise the largest assemblage of inland waterbodies in North America, with vast geographic, environmentally complex nearshore benthic substrate and associated habitat. The Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement, originally s...

The video synthetic aperture radar (ViSAR) is a new application in radar techniques. ViSAR provides high- or moderate-resolution SAR images with a faster frame rate, which permits the detection of the dynamic changes in the interested area. A moving...

The Lightning Mapping Imager (LMI) onboard the geostationary meteorological satelliteFengYun-4A (FY-4A) detects both intra-cloud (IC) and cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning continuously during daytime and nighttime. This study examined, for the first tim...

Sea surface salinity (SSS) satellite measurements are validated using in situ observations usually made by surfacing Argo floats. Validation statistics are computed using matched values of SSS from satellites and floats. This study explores how the m...

High spatial resolution carbon dioxide (CO₂) flux inversion systems are needed to support the global stocktake required by the Paris Agreement and to complement the bottom-up emission inventories. Based on the work of Zhang, a regional CO₂ flux inver...

Wideband multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) imaging radar can achieve high-resolution imaging with a specific multi-antenna structure. However, its imaging performance is severely affected by the array errors, including the inter-channel errors an...

Remote-sensing-driven urban change detection has been studied in many ways for decades for a wide field of applications, such as understanding socio-economic impacts, identifying new settlements, or analyzing trends of urban sprawl. Such kinds of ana...

Society is increasingly aware of the important role of forests and other woodlands as cultural heritage and as providers of different ecosystem services, such as biomass provision, soil protection, hydrological regulation, biodiversity conservation a...

Leaf area index (LAI) estimation is very important, and not only for canopy structure analysis and yield prediction. The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) serves as a promising solution for LAI estimation due to its great applicability and flexibility. A...

Comparing two digital elevation models (DEMs), S1 (reference) and S2 (product), in order to get the S2 quality, has usually been performed on sampled points. However, it seems more natural, as we propose, comparing both DEMs using 2.5D surfaces: appl...

Land remote sensing capabilities in the optical domain have dramatically increased in the past decade, owing to the unprecedented growth of space-borne systems providing a wealth of measurements at enhanced spatial, temporal and spectral resolutions....