The arc welding process is widely used in industry but its automatic control is limited by the difficulty in measuring the weld bead geometry and closing the control loop on the arc, which has adverse environmental conditions. To address this problem...
A wider interface bead width is required for laser overlap welding by increasing the strength of the base material (BM) because the strength difference between the weld metal (WM) and the BM decreases. An insufficient interface bead width leads to in...
Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) with three different heat inputs controlled by the weaving width was performed to understand their effects on the microstructural changes during bead-on-pipe welding of super duplex stainless steel. The microstructure...
Associated to the weld quality, the weld bead geometry is one of the most important parameters in welding processes. It is a significant requirement in a welding project, especially in automatic welding systems where a specific width, height, or pene...
The welding market is changing globally, becoming eco-friendly, robotized and automated. The tungsten inert gas welding (TIG) process is indispensable in industries that require high-quality welds with the absence of spatter and fumes. However, the p...
Nearly all manufactured products in the metal industry involve welding. The detection and correction of defects during welding improve the product reliability and quality, and prevent unexpected failures. Nonintrusive process control is critical for...
In this research, BR1500HS high strength steel was laser welded under various process parameters. The welded samples were heated in a furnace for 5 min with a temperature of 900 °C and then water-quenched. The effects of process parameters and qu...
Laser welding on thin plates of high-strength steel is increasing in various industrial applications. The mechanical behavior of welded joints depends on their local properties, which in turn depend on the welding parameters applied to join the base...
In this study, an attempt on pulsed-fiber laser welding on an austenitic-duplex stainless steel butt joint configuration was investigated. The influence of various welding parameters, such as beam diameter, peak power, pulse repetition rate, and puls...
Weld bead geometry features (WBGFs) such as the bead width, height, area, and center of gravity are the common factors for weighing welding quality control. The effective modeling of these WBGFs contributes to implementing timely decision making of w...
Bead size and shape are important considerations for industry design and quality detection. It is hard to deduce an appropriate mathematical model for predicting the bead geometry in a continually changing welding process due to the complex interrela...
This study investigates the impact of gas metal arc welding (GMAW) parameters on the bead geometry and material distortion of AISI 316L. Three parameters—arc current in ampere (A), filler feed rate (m/min), and gas composition—were modifi...
This study involves the validating of thermal analysis during TIG Arc welding of 1.4418 steel using finite element analyses (FEA) with experimental approaches. 3D heat transfer simulation of 1.4418 stainless steel TIG arc welding is implemented using...
In the present work, an analysis of different welding parameters was carried out on the welding of stainless-steel thin thickness tubes by the Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) process. The influence of three main parameters, welding voltage, movement ang...
Weld bead forming rule is very important during double-pulsed gas metal arc welding (DP-GMAW) process, and this process has more advantages than that of conventional arc welding process. This work employed grey rational analysis to explore the weld b...
Wire and arc additive manufacturing is a promising technology for fabricating large and complex metallic components. Wire arc methods, like MIG and MAG, use an electric arc to melt and deposit metal wire layer-by-layer. The improvement of the surface...
In order to investigate the profile map of weld beads and its formation mechanism in gas metal arc welding (GMAW), bead-on-plate welding was carried out with different average currents, and the dimensions of a weld bead were measured. The results sho...
As an important index of weld quality, the weld bead geometry is closely related to the welding process parameters (WPP). Therefore, it is crucial to establish the relationships between the WPP and weld bead shape to serve as an indicator of the weld...
The main aim of this work was to evaluate the influence and optimize the factors of the TIG-MIG/MAG hybrid welding process on the geometry of the weld bead. An experimental design using the Taguchi methodology (robust design method) was used to condu...
In order to obtain an optimal combination of welding parameters to weld an aluminum alloy (6082-T6) with MIG (Metal Inert Gas) it was used an L27 Taguchi orthogonal array. The array originated 27 different combinations that gives rise to 27 welding p...
Accurate prediction of weld bead geometry is critical for optimizing laser overlap welding of low-carbon galvanized steel, as it directly affects joint quality and mechanical performance. Traditional finite element method (FEM)-based models provide r...
GTAW welding with pulsed current has been misinterpreted in some of the classic literature and scientific articles. General conclusions are presented, stating that its use provides greater penetration compared to the use of constant current and that...
In the field of welding detection, weld bead cross-section morphology serves as a crucial indicator for analyzing welding quality. However, the extraction of weld bead cross-section morphology often relies on manual extraction based on human expertis...
To optimize the robotic MIG welding process for joining 316 L stainless steel sheets and to clearly understand the process, a new numerical model for a combined heat source, based on a Gaussian surface and Gaussian cylinder, was developed using ANSYS...
This work is about the influence rule of inclination of welding torch on the formation and characteristics of weld bead during the pulsed-gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process based on the robotic operation. The inclination of welding torch was an imp...
This study investigates the predictive modelling of weld bead geometry in wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) through advanced machine learning methods. While WAAM is valued for its ability to produce large, complex metal parts with high depositio...
A three-dimensional (3D) numerical model with the volume of fluid method is developed for high-speed variable polarity gas tungsten arc welding (VP-GTAW) of aluminum alloys. It predicts the thermal flow field in the weld pool, the weld pool surface d...
This investigation explores the application of supervised machine learning regression approaches to predict various responses, including penetration, bead width, bead height, hardness, ultimate tensile strength, and percentage elongation in autogenou...
Hot cracking in fully austenitic stainless steel welds is mainly caused by plastic strain accumulated while the weld cools through the brittle temperature range (BTR). This study proposes a simple mechanical model to estimate the plastic strain incre...
This paper aims to develop a novel tungsten inner gas (TIG) welding torch in order to join thin sheets efficiently. Using a narrowing nozzle (constricted nozzle) inside a conventional TIG torch can critically improve the position accuracy of the tung...
The Activated Tungsten Inert Gas welding (A-TIG) technique is characterized by its capability to impart enhanced penetration in single pass welding. Weld bead shape achieved by A-TIG welding has a major part in deciding the final quality of the weld....
Special attention is required when joining two materials with distinct chemical, physical and thermal properties in order to make the joint bond robust and rigid. The goal of this study was to see how significantly different tungsten inert gas (TIG)...
This study investigates the influence of laser welding process parameters on the weld bead formation, microstructure, and mechanical properties of high-nitrogen steel. Results indicate that as laser power increases, the weld bead width expands, while...
A quantitative and qualitative study of the effect of laser (light amplification by stimulated emissions of radiation) welding parameters, such as focus point, welding speed, power beam and shield gas on bead profile in relation with microchemistry c...
In this study, AA 6063 aluminum was joined using Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding with a butt joint. The ER-5356 filler metal feeding method is used intermittently to find its effect on weld geometry, mechanical properties, microstructure, and chemic...
One of the most important operations during the manufacturing process of a pressure vessel is welding. The result of this operation has a great impact on the vessel integrity; thus, welding inspection procedures must detect defects that could lead to...
This study aims to optimize the variables of the gas metal arc welding (GMAW)-based wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) process namely, wire feed speed (WFS), voltage (V), and travel speed (TS), to achieve the desired bead geometries, specifically...
In order to study internal relation among the behavior of the weld pool, the microstructure of weld bead and the waveform of short-circuiting gas metal arc welding (S-GMAW), a high speed photograph-images analysis system was formed to extract charact...
Laser technology is widely regarded as a highly effective method for welding thermoplastic polymers due to its precision, cleanliness, and versatility. This study investigates the effects of laser power and scanning speed on the through-thickness har...
To study the forming, microstructures, and mechanical properties of high-speed laser cladding thin-walled tube, 1Cr17Ni2 powder was used to perform high-speed laser cladding on a 1Cr17Ni5 stainless steel tube with a thickness of 1 mm. The effects of...
The present article describes an experimental analysis of a robotized Gas Metal-arc Welding (GMAW) in aluminum alloy, using Metal Inert Gas (MIG) in its transfer method variation Standard and pulsed Cold Metal Transfer (CMT+P), developed in order to...
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the temperature fluctuation induced by electromagnetic stirring (EMS) and to investigate the influence of temperature fluctuation on the appearance and microstructure of the stainless steel welds. CF8A and 30...
This research presents a novel, low-cost optical acquisition system based on infrared imaging for real-time weld bead geometry monitoring in Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW). The system uniquely employs a commercial CCD camera (1000–1150 nm) with t...
The fabrication of components involves the deposition of multiple beads in multiple layers for wire-arc additive manufacturing (WAAM). WAAM performed using gas metal arc welding (GMAW) allows for the manufacturing of parts through multiple-bead multi...
Plasma Transferred Arc (PTA) cladding is a versatile hardfacing technique that produces dense, metallurgically bonded overlays with excellent wear and corrosion resistance. However, optimizing bead shape is challenging due to complex multi-parameter...
Oscillating laser beam welding for Al 6014 alloy was performed using a single mode fiber laser and two-axis scanner system. Its effect on the microstructural evolution of the fusion zone was investigated. To evaluate the influence of oscillation para...
Pipe girth welds are prone to incomplete fusion problems in the automatic welding process of long-distance pipelines, which is often related to temperature inhomogeneity in the weld bead. The narrow gap and micro-swing welding technique was applied i...
This study investigated the influence of printing parameters and strategies on the morphological characteristics of austenitic stainless steel beads deposited on carbon steel substrates, using plasma directed energy deposition (DED). The experimental...
Appropriate selection of wire–arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) variables imparts bead geometries with characteristics of multi-layer structures. Thus, the present study aimed to optimize the gas metal arc welding (GMAW)-based WAAM variables of...
To address the challenges of redundant point cloud processing and insufficient robustness under complex working conditions in existing teaching-free methods, this study proposes a dual-modal perception framework termed “2D image autonomous reco...
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