118 Results Found

This study aimed to delineate cortico-striato-thalamo-cerebellar network profiles based on static and dynamic connectivity analysis in genetic generalized and focal epilepsies with generalized tonic-clonic seizures, and to evaluate its potential for...

Many contradictory theories regarding epileptogenesis in idiopathic generalized epilepsy have been proposed. This study aims to define the network that takes part in the formation of the spike-wave discharges in patients with generalized tonic–...

This study aimed to investigate the effects of antiepileptic drugs on salience network regions in patients with epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures alone (EGTCSa). A retrospective observational case-control study was performed on 40 patie...

Generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCSs) can be underestimated and can also increase mortality rates. The monitoring devices used to detect GTCS events in daily life are very helpful for early intervention and precise estimation of seizure events. S...

Background/Objectives: Epilepsy is a brain disease with both environmental and genetic inputs. Ion channel dysfunction seems to be of great significance for abnormal neuronal behavior during epileptic seizures. Within neurons, the voltage-gated sodiu...

Inherited seizure susceptibility in genetically epilepsy-prone rats (GEPR-3s) is associated with increased voltage-gated calcium channel currents suggesting a massive calcium influx resulting in increased levels of intraneuronal calcium. Cytosolic ca...

Natural products, sources of new pharmacological substances, have large chemical diversity and architectural complexity. In this context, some toxins obtained from invertebrate venoms have anticonvulsant effects. Epilepsy is a neurological disorder t...

Calcium influx plays important roles in the pathophysiology of seizures, including acoustically evoked alcohol withdrawal-induced seizures (AWSs). One Ca2+ influx route of interest is the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) that, when operating in its reverse m...

It has been almost a decade since the multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumor (MVNT) was first described. In 2021, WHO classified it as a defined entity, and it is considered one of the glioneuronal and neuronal tumors. Due to its similarities wi...

The development of methods for time series analysis and prediction has always been and continues to be an active area of research. In this work, we develop a technique for modelling chaotic time series in parametric fashion. In the case of tonic-clon...

This study was designed to identify whether the metabolic network changes in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) patients with focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures (FBTCS) differ from changes in patients without FBTCS. This retrospective analysi...

Lafora disease is a rare genetic disorder characterized by a disruption in glycogen metabolism. It manifests as progressive myoclonus epilepsy and cognitive decline during adolescence. Pathognomonic is the presence of abnormal glycogen aggregates tha...

Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is sudden, unexpected, witnessed or unwitnessed, nontraumatic, non-drowning death that occurs in a person with epilepsy. SUDEP is the leading cause of epilepsy-related death in adults with epilepsy, with an...

Combination therapy with two or three antiseizure medications (ASMs) is sometimes a preferred method of treatment in epilepsy patients. (1) Background: To detect the most beneficial combination among three ASMs, a screen test evaluating in vivo inter...

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures that affects over 70 million people worldwide. Although many antiepileptic drugs that block seizures are available, they have little effect on preventing and curing epile...

Intracranial hemorrhage is a rare yet potentially devastating event during pregnancy with a significant risk of maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. The risk of intracranial hemorrhage increases during the third trimester of pregnancy and is g...

The use of animal models of idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) is of great importance in the field of epilepsy research, with IGE affecting more than 20 million people worldwide. IGEs are characterized by a high degree of genetic heterogeneity, wh...

Disorders of executive functioning have recently been reported in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME); however, data on other syndromes of generalized idiopathic epilepsy (IGE) other than JME, especially in adolescence, are scarce. The ai...

A 54-year-old man was admitted to the Sleep Laboratory, Hospital of Kaunas University of Medicine, for assessment of nocturnal seizures of unknown origin during sleep. This patient complained of increasing daytime sleepiness, morning headaches. Befor...

Goals of automated detection of epileptic seizures using wearable devices include objective documentation of seizures, prevention of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) and seizure-related injuries, obviating both the unpredictability of seiz...

Currently, pharmacotherapy provides successful seizure control in around 70% of patients with epilepsy; however, around 30% of cases are still resistant to available treatment. Therefore, effective anti-epileptic therapy still remains a challenge. In...

Placing of sewing needles in the brain through the anterior fontanel is a rare entity. There are very few cases reported in literature. Most of them were asymptomatic, but some of them presented with seizure. We report here a 14-year-old boy, who was...

Ictal semiology and brain single-photon emission computed tomography have been performed in approaching the epileptogenic zone in drug-resistant focal epilepsies. The authors aim to describe the brain structures involved in the ictal and interictal e...

Purpose. The aim was to find predictors for ketogenic diet (KD) treatment effectiveness. In addition, recognized factors influencing the efficacy of KD were analyzed based on the ILAE (International League Against Epilepsy) proposed Classification an...

Epilepsy or epileptic syndromes affect more than 70 million people, often comorbid with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Seizures are concerned as a factor for social regression in ASD. A stepwise experimental approach to this problem requires an ani...

Introduction: Familial glucocorticoid deficiency (FGD) is a rare cause of adrenal insufficiency in children. The condition can present with features of low cortisol and high adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Late diagnosis can be associated with hi...

Varenicline (VAR) is a partial agonist of brain α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors recommended as a first line pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation. The aim of this study was to examine whether VAR affects the protective activity of f...

The calcified stage of the neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the common cause of acquired epilepsy in low and middle income countries in people aged > 20 years. Approximately 30% of adult onset seizures and epilepsy are attributable to NCC. In India and...

Epilepsy is one of the most common brain diseases that affects more than 1% of the world’s population. It is characterized by recurrent seizures, which come in different types and are treated differently. Electroencephalography (EEG) is commonl...

Background. Malformations of cortical development (MCD) include a wide range of congenital disorders mostly causing severe cognitive dysfunction and epilepsy. Objective: to report on clinical features including cognitive involvement, epileptic seizur...

A 9-year-old male with autism and a history of well-controlled epilepsy presented with acute headache, fever, and generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Initial diagnostics, including imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis, were inconclusive. However,...

We describe a case of Parry Romberg syndrome/ en coupe de sabre in a woman whose disease started as seizures at age 8 but was diagnosed at the age 39. During these 31 years she got married, completed a first degree at university, had two successful p...

The characterization of the dynamics associated with electroencephalogram (EEG) signal combining an orthogonal discrete wavelet transform analysis with quantifiers originated from information theory is reviewed. In addition, an extension of this meth...

Epilepsy affects over 50 million people globally, with accurate seizure type classification directly influencing treatment selection as different seizure types respond to specific antiepileptic medications. Manual electroencephalogram (EEG) interpret...

We report the electroencephalography (EEG) showing an intermittent generalized polyspike pattern in EEG due to an aseptic meningoencephalitis in a 71-year-old soporous patient. Initially, she presented with word-finding disturbances and later with ge...

Background: Vitamin B6-dependent epilepsies include treatable diseases responding to pyridoxine or pyridoxal-5Iphosphate (ALDH7A1 deficiency, PNPO deficiency, PLP binding protein deficiency, hyperprolinemia type II and hypophosphatasia and glycosylph...

Lennox–Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is a severe developmental and epileptic encephalopathy characterized by drug-resistant seizures, cognitive impairments, and abnormal electroencephalographic patterns. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a widely used...

Methyl jasmonate (MJ) is one of the most well-studied plant stress hormones belonging to the jasmonate family. Previous studies have shown that MJ potentiated pentobarbitone sleeping time and enhanced GABA-mediated inhibitory neurotransmission, sugge...

Background and Objectives: Pilocarpine is used in experimental studies for testing antiepileptic drugs, but further characterization of this model is essential for its usage in testing novel drugs. The aim of our study was to study the behavioral and...

Birth trauma, but not postnatal trauma, has been recognized as a cause of cerebral infarction in newborns. We report a case of cerebral infarction in a 27-day-old girl after a car accident. During the car accident, the child was properly restrained t...

In this paper, we describe the multimodal MRI findings in a patient with Wilson disease and a seizure disorder, characterized by an electroclinical picture resembling juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. The brain structural MRI showed a deposition of ferrom...

In this work, an attempt has been made to develop an automated system for detecting electroclinical seizures such as tonic-clonic seizures, complex partial seizures, and electrographic seizures (EGSZ) using higher-order moments of scalp electroenceph...

Background: Evaluating the differential impact of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) therapy across various seizure types, our study explores its efficacy specifically in patients with categorized minor and major seizures. Methods: We conducted a retrospe...

Tandem of P domains in a weak inwardly rectifying K+ channel (TWIK)-related acid sensitive K+-1 channel (TASK-1) is activated under extracellular alkaline conditions (pH 7.2–8.2), which are upregulated in astrocytes (particularly in the CA1 reg...

Epilepsy is a debilitating neurological condition characterized by intermittent paroxysmal states called fits or seizures. Especially, the major motor seizures of a convulsive nature, such as tonic–clonic seizures, can cause aggravating consequ...

The GluN2B subunit of NMDA receptors represents a perspective therapeutic target in various CNS pathologies, including epilepsy. Because of its predominant expression in the immature brain, selective GluN2B antagonists are expected to be more effecti...

Moyamoya disease is a cerebrovascular pathology characterized by progressive stenosis of the internal carotid arteries and their branches, leading to ischemic and/or hemorrhagic disorders of the cerebral circulation, primarily affecting children and...

Despite the high prevalence of epilepsy in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), there is little information regarding whether seizure characteristics and treatment effectiveness change across age. Using an online survey, seizure character...

Background/Objectives: Acute seizure models are widely used in epilepsy research to investigate seizure mechanisms and evaluate antiseizure drug efficacy. Among these models, pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures provide a controlled and reproduc...

Biallelic variants in the Golgi SNAP receptor complex member 2 gene (GOSR2) have been reported in progressive myoclonus epilepsy with neurodegeneration. Typical clinical features include ataxia and areflexia during early childhood, followed by seizur...