1,989 Results Found

Big Data and primarily distributed stream processing systems (DSPSs) are growing in complexity and scale. As a result, effective performance management to ensure that these systems meet the required service level objectives (SLOs) is becoming increas...

The interference between software components is increasing in safety-critical domains, such as autonomous driving. Low-criticality (LC) tasks, such as vehicle communication, may control high-criticality (HC) tasks, such as acceleration. In such cases...

360° video camera sensing is an increasingly popular technology. Compared with traditional 2D video systems, it is challenging to ensure the viewing experience in 360° video camera sensing because the massive omnidirectional data introduce ad...

The Job Content Questionnaire JCQ 2.0 (JCQ 2.0) thoroughly revises the well-known JCQ 1, based on an expanded Demand/Control theory-consistent platform with new scales, the Associationalist Demand Control (ADC) theory. This study tests the JCQ 2.0 in...

Background: This paper empirically tests the new multi-level Associationalist Demand Control (ADC) theory by applying the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) 2.0 that assesses both a wide range of task characteristics as well as work organizational and e...

Numbers present persistent challenges in interpreting, yet cognitive mechanisms underlying notation-specific processing remain underexplored. While eye-tracking studies in visually-assisted simultaneous interpreting have advanced number research, the...

Scene classification is a critical technology to solve the challenges of image search and image recognition. It has become an indispensable and challenging research topic in the field of remote sensing. At present, most scene classifications are solv...

In recent years, Location-Based Augmented Reality (LAR) systems have been increasingly implemented in various applications for tourism, navigation, education, and entertainment. Unfortunately, the LAR content creation using conventional desktop-based...

This study investigates how temporal fluency cues shape human ratings of L2 English pronunciation in Korean learners, using a large read-speech corpus annotated with five-point pronunciation scores. We focus on two timing-derived measures—artic...

The data that medical sensors collect can be overwhelming, making it challenging to glean the most relevant insights. An algorithm for a body sensor network is needed for the purpose of spotting outliers in the collected data. Methods of machine lear...

Assessing drivers’ mental workload is crucial for reducing road accidents. This study examined drivers’ mental workload in a simulated auditory-based dual-task driving scenario, with driving tasks as the main task, and auditory-based N-ba...

Automation aims to improve the task performance and the safety of human operators. The success of automation can be facilitated with well-designed human–automation interaction (HAI), which includes the consideration of a trade-off between the b...

The goal of this study was to examine the effects of task-related variables, such as the difficulty level, problem scenario, and experiment week, on performance and mental workload of 27 healthy adult subjects during problem solving within the spatia...

Workload (WL) measurement is a crucial foundation for human–machine collaboration, particularly in high-stress multitasking environments such as manned vehicle operations during emergencies, where operators often experience High Workload (HWL)...

This study was aimed at clarifying the effect of different levels of state anxiety caused by mental arithmetic tasks on the anxiety- and/or task performance-related activation of the frontopolar prefrontal cortex (PFC). Twenty-six healthy male subjec...

Horticultural therapy (HT) is green care that can help improve and recover the health of modern people living in cities through natural experiences. Many studies have been conducted to determine HT’s therapeutic effects and underlying mechanism...

Cluster separation is required to perform multi-class visual statistics tasks and plays an essential role in information processing in visualization. This cognition behavioral study investigated the cluster separation task and the effects of visual c...

Despite the well-known distracting effects, many drivers still engage in phone use, especially texting and especially among young drivers, with new emerging messaging modes. The present study aims to examine the effects of different answering modes o...

Within the mental speed approach to intelligence, the worst performance rule (WPR) states that the slower trials of a reaction time (RT) task reveal more about intelligence than do faster trials. There is some evidence that the validity of the WPR ma...

Previous studies in robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) have studied cognitive workload by modulating surgical task difficulty, and many of these studies have relied on self-reported workload measurements. However, contributors to and their effects on cog...

Most of the studies on the effect of trait positive affect (PA) and cardiovascular activity have focused on heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) rather than heart rate variability (HRV). However, trait PA might sustain homeostasis for the autonomi...

This paper investigated the effect of task complexity on time estimation in the virtual reality environment (VRE) using behavioral, subjective, and physiological measurements. Virtual reality (VR) is not a perfect copy of the real world, and individu...

Several unobtrusive sensors have been tested in studies to capture physiological reactions to stress in workplace settings. Lab studies tend to focus on assessing sensors during a specific computer task, while in situ studies tend to offer a generali...

Recent evidence shows that physiological cues, such as pupil dilation (PD), heart rate (HR), skin conductivity (SC), and electroencephalography (EEG), can indicate cognitive load (CL) in users while performing tasks. This paper aims to investigate ph...

Current training methods show advances in simulation technologies; however, most of them fail to account for changes in the physical or mental state of the trainee. An innovative training method, adaptive to the trainee’s stress levels as measu...

To investigate the interaction effects of prolonged working periods and different task loads on response lapses, focusing on the mechanisms of delayed responses and error lapses. Professionals such as pilots, truck drivers, and nurses often face exte...

It is popular to use software defect prediction (SDP) techniques to predict bugs in software in the past 20 years. Before conducting software testing (ST), the result of SDP assists on resource allocation for ST. However, DP usually works on fine-lev...

The Matsigenka people living traditional lifestyles in remote areas of the Amazon rely on a fish-based diet that exposes them to methylmercury (MeHg) at levels that have been associated with decreased IQ scores. In this study, the association between...

The ability of participants to monitor the correctness of their own decisions by rating their confidence is a form of metacognition. This introspective act is crucial for many aspects of cognition, including perception, memory, learning, emotion regu...

Today, many big data applications require massively parallel tasks to compute complicated mathematical operations. To perform parallel tasks, platforms like CUDA (Compute Unified Device Architecture) and OpenCL (Open Computing Language) are widely us...

Within-task variability across trials (intra-individual variability (IIV)) has been mainly studied using latency measures but rarely with accuracy measures. The aim of the Geneva Variability Study was to examine IIV in both latency and accuracy measu...

This study aimed to analyse the association between endogenous hair steroid hormones as reliable biological indicators of an individual’s stress level and the social environmental factors experienced during military training that are manifested...

It is important to identify children who are struggling with emergent literacy skills as early as possible to provide them with the support they need to prevent future academic failure. Screening tools administered in groups are more cost-effective t...

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate alternative measurement points to assess stress levels during surgery, given that taking electrodermal activity (EDA) measurements from the palms, a commonly used standard, is impractical in surgical c...

Maintenance is a highly procedural activity requiring motor and cognitive engagement. The aim of this experimental study was to examine how expertise affects maintenance tasks, in particular, the use of procedural documents. A total of 22 aircraft ma...

Nowadays, in the context of Industry 4.0, advanced working environments aim at achieving a high degree of human–machine collaboration. This phenomenon occurs, on the one hand, through the correct interpretation of operators’ data by machi...

Children with neurodevelopmental disabilities often struggle with motor control and stability, impacting their ability to perform functional tasks such as lifting and carrying objects. This study explores positional performance during bimanual box-li...

Background. Pain is known to negatively impact attention, but its influence on more complex cognitive abilities, such as logical reasoning, remains inconsistent. This may be due to compensatory mechanisms (e.g., investing additional resources), which...

In this paper, first, we delved into the experiment by comparing various attention mechanisms in the semantic pixel-wise segmentation framework to perform frame-level transcription tasks. Second, the Viterbi algorithm was utilized by transferring the...

Brain activation has been used to understand brain-level events associated with cognitive tasks or physical tasks. As a quantitative measure for brain activation, we propose entropy in place of signal amplitude and beta value, which are widely used,...

Evaluation of team performance in naturalistic contexts has gained popularity during the last two decades. Among other human factors, physiological synchrony has been adopted to investigate team performance and emotional state when engaged in collabo...

Individuals with hemiparetic cerebral palsy (CP) exhibit reduced use of their more affected (MA) arm, yet the factors that influence its use during activities of daily living remain elusive. The objectives of this study were to describe the relative...

We introduce and describe a new risk-taking game, Helsinki Aiming Task (HAT), and test its construct (internal) and convergent (external) validity. HAT is a shooting game, in which the participants aim at a target under varying levels of “gun&r...

Tactical personnel work in an occupation that involves tasks requiring a high level of cardiovascular fitness as well as muscular strength and endurance. The aim of this literature review was to identify and critique studies investigating the relatio...

Background: the Skill, Rule, and Knowledge (S-R-K) model is a framework used to describe and analyze human behaviour and decision-making in complex environments based on the nature of the task and kind of cognitive control required. The S-R-K model i...

Motivational factors are among the most important determinants of undertaking and participating in physical activity. An adequate measurement of motivation and the assessment of its initial characteristics form the basis for possible further practica...

Despite the high rates of participation in sports clubs among Finnish youth, only a few reach elite levels. This study investigated a number of motivational factors, enjoyment, and perceived physical competence perceptions of Finnish youth athletes i...

Age-related decline in information processing can have a substantial impact on activities such as driving. However, the assessment of these changes is often carried out using cognitive tasks that do not adequately represent the dynamic process of upd...

Previous studies have shown significant changes in cortical and subcortical evoked potential activity levels in response to motor training with the distal upper-limb muscles. However, no studies to date have assessed the neurological processing chang...

Empathy deficits have been proposed to be an important factor for intimate partner violence (IPV). IPV perpetrators have shown a differential change in salivary oxytocin (sOXT), testosterone (sT), and cortisol (sC), following empathic and stress task...