In this survey, we begin with a concise introduction to information theory within Shannon’s framework, focusing on the key concept of Shannon entropy and its related quantities: relative entropy, joint entropy, conditional entropy, and mutual i...
We summarize a recent reconstruction of the quantum theory of qubits from rules constraining an observer’s acquisition of information about physical systems. This review is accessible and fairly self-contained, focusing on the main ideas and results...
In this article, we discuss the formal structure of a generalized information theory based on the extension of the probability calculus of Kolmogorov to a (possibly) non-commutative setting. By studying this framework, we argue that quantum informati...
A measurement performed on a quantum system is an act of gaining information about its state. However, in the foundations of quantum theory, the concept of information is multiply defined, particularly in the area of quantum reconstruction, and its c...
In recent years an increasing number of papers have attempted to mimic or supplant quantum field theory in discussions of issues related to gravity by the tools and through the perspective of quantum information theory, often in the context of altern...
After more than a century since its birth, Quantum Theory still eludes our understanding. If asked to describe it, we have to resort to abstract and ad hoc principles about complex Hilbert spaces. How is it possible that a fundamental physical theory...
A survey is given summarizing the state of the art of describing information processing in Quantum Decision Theory, which has been recently advanced as a novel variant of decision making, based on the mathematical theory of separable Hilbert spaces....
Following the view of several leading quantum-information theorists, this paper argues that quantum phenomena, including those exhibiting quantum correlations (one of their most enigmatic features), and quantum mechanics may be best understood in qua...
The article argues that—at least in certain interpretations, such as the one assumed in this article under the heading of “reality without realism”—the quantum-theoretical situation appears as follows: While—in terms of...
Logical information theory is the quantitative version of the logic of partitions just as logical probability theory is the quantitative version of the dual Boolean logic of subsets. The resulting notion of information is about distinctions, differen...
One of the key aspects of Shannon theory is that it provides guidance for designing the most efficient systems, such as minimizing errors and clarifying the limits of coding. This theory has seen great developments in the 50 years since 1948. It has...
This paper is our attempt, on the basis of physical theory, to bring more clarification on the question “What is life?” formulated in the well-known book of Schrödinger in 1944. According to Schrödinger, the main distinguishing feature of a biosystem...
Proposed quantum experiments in deep space will be able to explore quantum information issues in regimes where relativistic effects are important. In this essay, we argue that a proper extension of quantum information theory into the relativistic dom...
We present the Quantum Memory Matrix (QMM) hypothesis, which addresses the longstanding Black Hole Information Paradox rooted in the apparent conflict between Quantum Mechanics (QM) and General Relativity (GR). This paradox raises the question of how...
This paper presents a novel approach to solving the Yang–Mills existence and mass gap problem using quantum information theory. We develop a rigorous mathematical framework that reformulates the Yang–Mills theory in terms of quantum circu...
We interpret the Holographic Conjecture in terms of quantum bits (qubits). N-qubit states are associated with surfaces that are punctured in N points by spin networks' edges labelled by the spin-½ representation of SU(2), which are in a superposed qu...
We investigate a possible reduction mechanism from (bosonic) Quantum Field Theory (QFT) to Quantum Mechanics (QM), in a manner that could explain the apparent loss of degrees of freedom of the original theory in terms of quantum information in the re...
The new era of quantum foundations, fed by the quantum information theory experience and opened in the early 2000s by a series of memorable papers [...]
Originally conceived as a theory of consciousness, integrated information theory (IIT) provides a theoretical framework intended to characterize the compositional causal information that a system, in its current state, specifies about itself. However...
A quantum entropy space is suggested as the fundamental arena describing the quantum effects. In the quantum regime the entropy is expressed as the superposition of many different Boltzmann entropies that span the space of the entropies before any me...
Quantum information theorists have created axiomatic reconstructions of quantum mechanics (QM) that are very successful at identifying precisely what distinguishes quantum probability theory from classical and more general probability theories in ter...
In this work, we propose a novel quantum-informed epistemic framework that extends the classical notion of probability by integrating plausibility, credibility, and possibility as distinct yet complementary measures of uncertainty. This enriched quad...
The concept of information plays a fundamental role in our everyday experience, but is conspicuously absent in framework of classical physics. Over the last century, quantum theory and a series of other developments in physics and related subjects ha...
We introduce a quantum integrated-information measure Φ for multipartite states within the Relational Quantum Dynamics (RQD) framework. Φ(ρ) is defined as the minimum quantum Jensen–Shannon distance between an n-partite density oper...
Integrated information theory (IIT) is a powerful tool that provides a framework for evaluating consciousness, whether in the human brain or in other systems. In Computing the Integrated Information of a Quantum Mechanism, the authors extend IIT from...
We propose that entropy is a universal co-homological class in a theory associated to a family of observable quantities and a family of probability distributions. Three cases are presented: (1) classical probabilities and random variables; (2) quantu...
Inferring algorithmic structure in data is essential for discovering causal generative models. In this research, we present a quantum computing framework using the circuit model, for estimating algorithmic information metrics. The canonical computati...
To answer Wheeler’s question “Why the quantum?” via quantum information theory according to Bub, one must explain both why the world is quantum rather than classical and why the world is quantum rather than superquantum, i.e., &ldqu...
In this paper, we classify quantum statistical models based on their information geometric properties and the estimation error bound, known as the Holevo bound, into four different classes: classical, quasi-classical, D-invariant, and asymptotically...
Contemporary non-representationalist interpretations of the quantum state (especially QBism, neo-Copenhagen views, and the relational interpretation) maintain that quantum states codify observer-relative information. This paper provides an extensive...
The Tsallis entropy is a useful one-parameter generalization to the standard von Neumann entropy in quantum information theory. In this work, we study the variance of the Tsallis entropy of bipartite quantum systems in a random pure state. The main r...
Several applications of quantum mechanics and information theory to chemical reactivity problems are presented with emphasis on equivalence of variational principles for the constrained minima of the system electronic energy and its kinetic energy co...
In device-independent (DI) quantum protocols, security statements are agnostic to the internal workings of the quantum devices—they rely solely on classical interactions with the devices and specific assumptions. Traditionally, such protocols a...
In response to a comment by Chris Rourk on our article Computing the Integrated Information of a Quantum Mechanism, we briefly (1) consider the role of potential hybrid/classical mechanisms from the perspective of integrated information theory (IIT),...
A quantum measurement can be regarded as a communication channel, in which the parameters of the state are expressed only in the probabilities of the outcomes of the measurement. We begin this paper by considering, in a non-quantum-mechanical setting...
Specific emitter identification plays an important role in contemporary military affairs. However, most of the existing specific emitter identification methods haven’t taken into account the processing of uncertain information. Therefore, this paper...
A hypothesis is presented that non-separability of degrees of freedom is the fundamental property underlying consciousness in physical systems. The amount of consciousness in a system is determined by the extent of non-separability and the number of...
Collective intelligence within a quantum-informed cybernetic paradigm presents a transformative perspective to examine adaptability and resilience in Internet of Things (IoT) systems. This paper introduces Cogitor5, a fifth-order cybernetic system th...
Stationary quantum information sources emit sequences of correlated qudits—that is, structured quantum stochastic processes. If an observer performs identical measurements on a qudit sequence, the outcomes are a realization of a classical stoch...
Hybrid quantum–classical systems are emerging as key platforms in quantum computing, sensing, and communication technologies, but the quantum–classical interface (QCI)—the boundary enabling these systems—introduces unique and...
Genetic specificity information “seen by” the transcriptase is in terms of hydrogen bonded proton states, which initially are metastable amino (–NH2) and, consequently, are subjected to quantum uncertainty limits. This introduces a probability of arr...
The recent years were characterized by increasing interest to applications of the quantum formalism outside physics, e.g., in psychology, decision-making, socio-political studies. To distinguish such approach from quantum physics, it is called quantu...
We discuss the geometric aspects of a recently described unfolding procedure and show the form of objects relevant in the field of quantum information geometry in the unfolding space. In particular, we show the form of the quantum monotone metric ten...
This paper has a two-fold goal. In the first part, the area of theoretical and foundational information studies is delineated. In the second part, the general overview of the conference “Theoretical and Foundational Problems in Information Stud...
Quantum synchronization has emerged as a crucial phenomenon in quantum nonlinear dynamics with potential applications in quantum information processing. Multiple measures for quantifying quantum synchronization exist. However, there is currently no w...
The interplay between actions of Lie groups and monotone quantum metric tensors on the space of faithful quantum states of a finite-level system observed in recent works is here further developed.
We find that the whole set of known baryons of spin parity JP=12+ (the ground state) and JP=32+ (the first excited state) is organized in multiplets which may efficiently be encoded by the multiplets of conjugacy classes in the small finite group G=(...
A fully local quantum account of the interactions experienced between charges requires us to use all four modes of the electromagnetic vector potential in the Lorenz gauge. However, it is frequently stated that only the two transverse modes of the ve...
In the context of multiparameter quantum estimation theory, we investigate the construction of linear schemes in order to infer two classical parameters that are encoded in the quadratures of two quantum coherent states. The optimality of the scheme...
This paper introduces a novel entanglement-based QKD protocol, that makes use of a modified symmetric version of the Bernstein-Vazirani algorithm, in order to achieve secure and efficient key distribution. Two variants of the protocol, one fully symm...
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