Tube/Pipe (TP) 304 stainless steel has been widely used in industry, but a change in its microstructures may endanger its service safety, and it is essential to evaluate its microstructural evolution. In this work, a pulse-echo nonlinear method is pr...
In nonlinear acoustic measurements involving reflection from the stress-free boundary, the pulse-echo method could not be used because such a boundary is known to destructively change the second harmonic generation (SHG) process. The use of a focusin...
In this study, the feasibility of using a one dimensional 16-element flexible ultrasonic transducer (FUT) array for nondestructive testing at 150 °C is demonstrated. The FUT arrays were made by a sol-gel sprayed piezoelectric film technology; a PZT...
Voids or cracks in basin insulators inside a GIS (gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear) could trigger partial discharges or surface flashover under electrical stresses, threatening safe GIS operation. For this paper, some epoxy composite specimens...
The use of pulse-compression in ultrasonic non-destructive testing has assured, in various applications, a significant improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio. In this work, the technique is combined with linear phased array to improve the sensitivi...
This paper aims to set up a finite element model using piezoelectric elements to realize pipeline structure damage identification analysis. Ultrasonic guided wave propagation characteristics and damage identification of pipeline structures are analyz...
The measurements of acoustic properties of three brittle materials i.e., ITO (alkaline earth boro-aluminosilicate) glass, bulk metallic glass (BMG) and nickel-based superalloy (CM247LC) are conducted in this work to obtain various properties. The ela...
A lead-free 0.94(Na0.5Bi0.5) TiO3-0.06 BaTiO3 (BNT-BT) thick film, with a thickness of 60 μm, has been fabricated using a tape-casting method. The longitudinal piezoelectric constant, clamped dielectric permittivity constant, remnant polarization...
In general, shock absorbers are components that can absorb shock and vibration energy caused by wheel behavior, and they provide handling stability. As a piston rod is an important component in shock absorbers, multiple processes are performed in ord...
The through-transmission (TT) method is mainly used to measure the amplitude of the second harmonic from which the acoustic nonlinear parameter is determined for early damage detection of materials. The pulse echo (PE) method, however, has been exclu...
Taking into account X-ray diffraction, one of the well-known methods for calculating the stress-strain of crystals is Williamson-Hall (W–H). The W-H method has three models, namely (1) Uniform deformation model (UDM); (2) Uniform stress deformation m...
The mechanical reliability of the gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear (GIS) is critical to the safe and stable operation of a power system. The internal stress induced in GIS insulators, which typically lead to cracking, can degrade the mechanica...
An aluminum nitride (AlN) piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducer (PMUT) array was proposed and fabricated for non-invasive radial artery stiffness monitoring, which could be employed in human vascular health monitoring applications. Using...
Poisson’s ratio is the fundamental metric used to discuss the performance of any material when strained elastically. However, the methods of the determination of Poisson’s ratio are not yet discussed well. The first purpose of this paper...
This research proposes a 3D internal visualization using ultrasonic pulse-echo tomography technique to evaluate accurately the state of concrete structures for their efficient maintenance within a limited budget. Synthetic aperture focusing technique...
The impact of high-voltage–high-frequency (HVHF) amplifiers on echo-signal quality is greater with very-high-frequency (VHF, ≥100 MHz) ultrasound transducers than with low-frequency (LF, ≤15 MHz) ultrasound transducers. Hence, the bias voltage of an...
This paper presents a study to accurately evaluate defects in concrete decks using ultrasonic pulse-echo signals. A reinforced concrete deck with void defects was designed and evaluated for validation, and a commercial ultrasonic pulse-echo (UPE) dev...
Wide bandwidth ultrasonic devices are a necessity in high-resolution ultrasonic systems. Therefore, constant output voltages need to be produced across the wide bandwidths of a power amplifier. We present the first design of a wide bandwidth class-S...
Ultrasound is an excellent way to acquire data that reveal useful information about systems operating in harsh environments, which may include elevated temperature, ionizing radiation, and aggressive chemicals. The effects of harsh environments on pi...
Pulse-echo laser ultrasonic propagation imaging is a nondestructive testing technique developed for composite materials and aluminum alloys used in aerospace. Although this method has been in usage for a considerable time, information of the detectab...
Ultrasonic is one of the well-known methods for surface roughness measurement, but small roughness will only lead to a subtle variation of transmission or reflection. To explore sensitive techniques for surfaces with small roughness, nonlinear ultras...
Doppler sonographic measurement of flow velocity in the basal cerebral arteries through the intact skull was developed using a pulsed Doppler technique and 2 MHz emitting frequency. Relaxor-based ferroelectric single crystals Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3...
5–6 MHz PMNT/epoxy 1–3 composites were prepared by a modified dice-and-fill method. They exhibit excellent properties for ultrasonic transducer applications, such as ultrahigh thickness electromechanical coupling coefficient kt (85.7%), large piezoel...
Ultrasound is commonly used as an imaging tool in the medical sector. Compared to standard ultrasound imaging, quantitative ultrasound analysis can provide more details about a material microstructure. In this study, quantitative ultrasound analysis...
In this work, an analysis of the transmission of ultrasonic signals generated by piezoelectric sensors for air applications is presented. Based on this analysis, an ultrasonic response model is obtained for its application to the recognition of objec...
A damage estimation method based on continuous wavelet transformation (CWT) of the normalized Lamb wave signals is proposed here. Lamb waves are actuated and sensed using piezoelectric (lead zirconate titanate, PZT) transducers arranged in the form o...
In nonlinear ultrasound testing, the relative nonlinear parameter is conveniently measured as a sensitive means of detecting and imaging overall variation of microstructures and damages. Compared to the quadratic nonlinear parameter (
This study investigates a non-destructive, compact pulse-echo ultrasonic method that combines an external transmitter with a single receiving sensor to identify different surface treatments applied to cementitious materials. The primary objective was...
Piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducers (PMUT) incorporating lead zirconate titanate PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 (PZT) thin films were investigated for miniaturized high-frequency ultrasound systems. A recently developed process to remove a PMUT from...
In ultrasonic systems, power amplifiers are one of the most important electronic components used to supply output voltages to ultrasonic devices. If ultrasonic devices have low sensitivity and limited maximum allowable voltages, it can be quite chall...
In airborne LiDAR measurements of shallow water bathymetry, conventional data processing often overlooks the radiative losses associated with multiple scattering events, affecting detection accuracy. This study presents a Monte Carlo-based approach t...
Currently, ultrasonic methods for assessing the fatigue lifetime of various structural materials are being actively developed. Many steel constructions are made by welding. The weld heat-affected zone is the weak point of the construction, as it is m...
Dynamics of solvent molecules restricted in poly (acryl amide) gels immersed in solvent mixtures of acetone–, 1,4-dioxane–, and dimethyl sulfoxide–water were analyzed by the time domain reflectometry method of dielectric spectroscop...
The viability for dry coupling of piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer components was investigated, using a thin foil of annealed silver as a filler material/coupling agent at each component interface. Criteria used for room temperature evaluation wer...
Ultrasonic is one of the most common uses of a non-destructive evaluation method for crack detection and characterization. The effectiveness of the acoustic-ultrasound Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) technique for the determination of the depth of...
For a non-contact, non-destructive quality evaluation, laser ultrasonic testing (LUT) has received increasing attention in complex manufacturing processes, such as additive manufacturing (AM). This work assessed the LUT method for the inspection of i...
When an aircraft passes through clouds containing supercooled water droplets, the leading edge’s surface will gradually accumulate ice. Ice surface roughness is an important parameter affecting the local convective heat transfer coefficient and...
This paper presents a novel fisheye-lens-based photoacoustic (PA) system. In conventional PA systems, mechanical motors are utilized to obtain the target information due to the small fields of view of such systems. The use of such motors introduces m...
Low frequency ultrasounds in air are widely used for real-time applications in short-range communication systems and environmental monitoring, in both structured and unstructured environments. One of the parameters widely evaluated in pulse-echo ultr...
Portable ultrasound systems typically suffer from unwanted heat and limited battery life, resulting in reduced system performance or the applicable number of piezoelectric transducer elements. This can be a bottleneck in widely used portable ultrasou...
Ultrasonic guided wave testing is an essential technique in non-destructive testing for structural integrity of oil and gas pipelines. This technique, based on the pulse-echo method, is often used for the long-range detection of pipelines at any loca...
Ultrasound imaging systems (UIS) are essential tools in nondestructive testing (NDT). In general, the quality of images depends on two factors: system hardware features and image reconstruction algorithms. This paper presents a new image reconstructi...
Ferroelectrets are thin and porous polymeric films with a cellular microstructure, high porosity, permanent polarization and piezoelectric response. They have been used for different applications, where one of the most interesting ones is for the fab...
Acoustic aberration, caused by the uneven distribution of tissue speed-of-sound (SoS), significantly reduces the quality of ultrasound imaging. An important approach to mitigate this issue is imaging correction based on local SoS estimation. Computed...
Conventional resistance spot welds are not visible from the outside. Therefore, it is not straightforward to evaluate the joint quality non-destructively. The pulse-echo method of manual ultrasonic is widely used for non-destructive testing. Another...
A through-transmission ultrasonic method is proposed to address limitations in conventional ultrasonic reflection methods for non-destructive testing of ferrite tiles. The method utilizes a dual-probe configuration on both sides of the test piece to...
The ultrasound technique is a well-known non-destructive and efficient testing method for on-line corrosion monitoring. Wall thickness loss rate is the major parameter that defines the corrosion process in this approach. This paper presents a smart c...
In order to better detect information about a mass in breast tissue, an ultrasound tomography algorithm based on adaptive time gain compensation (TGC) was designed. Field II was utilized to automatically evaluate the phantom attenuation coefficient a...
Ultrasonic testing is an important means to detect defacing defects, such as scratches and cracks, but when the size of these defects is smaller than the wavelength of ultrasonic waves, it is difficult to detect them using traditional methods like th...
The work presented in this paper shows that Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) optical fiber sensors can potentially be used as receivers in a long-range guided wave torsional-mode pipe inspection system. Benefits over the conventional pulse-echo method arise...
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