Conscious and unconscious brain mechanisms, including cognition, emotions and language are considered in this review. The fundamental mechanisms of cognition include interactions between bottom-up and top-down signals. The modeling of these interacti...
This paper analyzes spatial gestures and cognition in a new, or so-called “emerging”, visual language, the Yucatec Maya Sign Language (YSML). This sign language was created by deaf and hearing signers in various Yucatec Maya villages on t...
Aging contributes significantly to cognitive decline. Aerobic exercise (AE) has been shown to induce substantial neuroplasticity changes, enhancing cognitive and brain health. Likewise, recent research underscores the cognitive benefits of foreign la...
The aim of this article is to provide an evolutionarily grounded explanation of central aspects of the structure of language. It begins with an account of the evolution of human causal reasoning. A comparison between humans and non-human primates sug...
(1) Background: Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) is diagnosed when the child experiences problems in language with no known underlying biomedical condition and the information required for its correct evaluation must be obtained from different c...
One of the key questions of studies on heritage language (HL) transmission is which factors most likely foster the intergenerational transmission of HL and more saliently favor its acquisition in second-generation speakers. The present study explores...
In previous research, we showed that ‘texts that tell a story’ exhibit a statistical structure that is not Maxwell–Boltzmann but Bose–Einstein. Our explanation is that this is due to the presence of ‘indistinguishability...
The pursuit of Artificial Intelligence (AI) that emulates human cognitive processes is a cornerstone of ethical AI development, ensuring that emerging technologies can seamlessly integrate into societal frameworks requiring nuanced understanding and...
Background: In this systematic review, conducted according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we aimed to assess differences in the cognitive processes associated with social cognition—namely language, theory of mind (ToM), and executive functions...
This systematic review examines the potential of digital language learning in contributing to students’ cognitive gains. The study reviews existing research on the relationship between digital language learning and cognitive benefits, with a fo...
Background/Objectives: Accumulating evidence suggests that cognitive training can induce functional reorganization of intrinsic connectivity networks involved in higher-order cognitive processes. However, few interventions have specifically targeted...
With the field of late-life language learning (LLLL) expanding fast, ample attention has been paid to cognitive benefits ensuing from LLLL. However, these studies have yielded mixed results, which may be partly explained by seniors’ language le...
Hulstijn’s BLC Theory proposes a dissociation between cognitive individual differences and two types of cognition—the cognition of oral language and the cognition of written language. Specifically, cognitive IDs are expected to affect the...
We investigated aspects of language and cognitive development in three bimodal bilingual deaf children in hearing families. Some previous research finds cognitive delays for deaf children, which may be due to an early lack of access to language input...
Second-language (L2) written processing has often been linked to cognitive disfluency, resembling fluency disruptions caused by perceptual challenges, such as visual degradation. This study used Virtual Reality to investigate whether cognitive disflu...
Cognitive advantages for bilinguals have inconsistently been observed in different populations, with different operationalisations of bilingualism, cognitive performance, and the process by which language control transfers to cognitive control. This...
Background: Cognitive impairment poses a significant global health challenge, emphasizing the critical need for early detection and intervention. Traditional diagnostics like neuroimaging and clinical evaluations are often subjective, costly, and ina...
Bilinguals learn to resolve conflict between their two languages and that skill has been hypothesized to create long-term adaptive changes in cognitive functioning. Yet, little is known about how bilinguals recruit cognitive control to enable efficie...
The aim of this article is to discuss the effect of learning a non-native language on the enhancement of cognitive performance in healthy native Czech elderly. In addition, special emphasis is put on the qualitative assessment. To do this, 42 Czech c...
Background: Speech and Language Impairment (SLI) significantly affects children’s communication skills, limiting their social and academic development. Case Information: This single-case study evaluates the effects of a personalized interventio...
Cognitive science has gathered robust evidence supporting the hypothesis that cognitive processes do not occur in an amodal format but take shape through the activation of the sensorimotor systems of the agent body, which works as simulation system u...
Background: Early cognitive abilities such as memory and executive function (EF) emerge rapidly in infancy and may provide a foundation for later language development. However, large-scale longitudinal evidence linking early cognition to subsequent r...
Using gamification as an instructional intervention to manage students’ learning emotions has become a trending topic. Meanwhile, the cognitive load resulting from gamified learning environments may impact learning emotions negatively. In order...
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) allele 4 (APOE4), one of the robust genetic risk factors for AD, has also been associated with cognitive decline in terms of memory, executive function, language, and global cognitive function. APOE genotype-stratified analysi...
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation method that has been suggested as a possible treatment method for cognitive impairment in patients with Alzheimer’s Disease (pwAD), similar to multidomain c...
This commentary examines a recent study that challenges the view that cognitive control supports the resolution of linguistic ambiguities. We critique the study’s methodological limitations, particularly its reliance on self-paced reading, whic...
The development of language skills requires a range of linguistic abilities and cognitive processes, such as executive functions (EFs, i.e., a set of skills involved in goal-directed activities which are crucial for regulating thoughts and actions)....
Bosch–Boonstra–Schaaf optic atrophy syndrome (BBSOAS) is an extremely rare neurological condition caused by a disruption in the NR2F-1 gene. The most common clinical features are optic atrophy and intellectual and developmental delay. Thi...
Background: Multicultural education and second-language acquisition engaged neural networks, supporting executive function, memory, and social cognition in adulthood, represent powerful forms of brain-inspired multisensory learning. The neuroeducatio...
Adult development throughout a lifetime implies a series of changes in systems, including cognitive and linguistic functioning. The aim of this article is to study the effect of foreign language training on linguistic processing, particularly the fre...
Late-life depression (LLD) affects about an eighth of community-dwelling seniors. LLD impacts well-being, with loneliness and small social networks being typical. It has also been linked to cognitive dysfunction and an increased risk of developing de...
Prematurity and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are risk factors for alterations in language development. Their coexistence, frequent in twin pregnancies, may result in atypical communicative profiles that require specific interventions. This case rep...
Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have the potential to significantly advance the development and application of cognitive architectures for human–robot interaction (HRI) to enable social robots with enhanced cognit...
This quasi-experimental study investigates the impact of an embodied intervention on the semantics of transitive verbs in children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD), grounded in the “TIME IS SPACE” conceptual metaphor—where...
The efficacy of cognitive stimulation programs for the elderly is sufficiently documented. However, few studies have addressed the effectiveness of language stimulation programs by cognitive levels in this population. This randomized controlled trial...
In language learning, adults seem to be superior in their ability to memorize knowledge of new languages and have better learning strategies, experiences, and intelligence to be able to integrate new knowledge. However, unless one learns pronunciatio...
The rapid evolution of autonomous vehicles necessitates increasingly sophisticated cognitive capabilities to handle complex, unstructured environments. This study explores the cognitive potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in autonomous navigati...
This paper investigates the integration of cognitive agents powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) within the Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe) to reinforce software project management. By deploying virtual agents in simulated software environments, thi...
With the widespread application of virtual reality (VR) in education, optimizing foreign language learning in VR has become a focal point of research. This paper introduces a comprehensive theoretical framework (VR-CCL) based on constructivism and co...
The brain in healthy adults shows language localization in the left hemisphere, and the evidence from the literature supports neural plasticity after traumatic injuries. What happens if an injury occurs early in brain development? How does early unil...
Arterial presumed perinatal ischemic stroke is a type of perinatal stroke that emerges due to late or delayed diagnostics of perinatal or neonatal arterial ischemic stroke. It is usually recognized before one year of life due to hemiparesis. This inj...
Detecting and managing speech-language pathology symptoms in patients with post-COVID syndrome (long COVID) presents a significant challenge, as the condition is marked by persistent and varied symptoms such as cognitive deficits, communication diffi...
In contextual vocabulary acquisition, second language learners address both morphological and contextual cues to infer the meanings of novel words. The study investigated cognitive strategies and their eye movement correlates in contextual vocabulary...
Background: The present study investigated the possible effects of language background (monolinguals, simultaneous bilinguals, and sequential bilinguals) and parental education (no/low, medium, high, and highest parental education) on measures of cog...
Framed in Complexity Theory, this paper presents a multi-case study of Chinese university English teachers’ cognitions and practices about form-focused instruction in English language teaching. Four teachers, including two novice teachers and t...
Speakers produce both referential gestures, which depict properties of a referent, and non-referential gestures, which lack semantic content. While a large number of studies have demonstrated the cognitive and linguistic benefits of referential gestu...
The present study explores comparatively the effectiveness of a cognitive (verbal short-term memory (vSTM), verbal working memory (vWM)) and of a linguistic training (10-week duration each) in the diffusion of gains in cognitive abilities (vSTM and v...
On social media, users often express their personal feelings, which may exhibit cognitive distortions or even suicidal tendencies on certain specific topics. Early recognition of these signs is critical for effective psychological intervention. In th...
Background: Practice-based evidence can inform and support clinical decision making. Case-report series about the implementation of programs in real-world clinical settings may contribute to verifying the effectiveness of interventions for treating P...
Large language models (LLMs) have been widely used in real-world applications due to their ability to decipher and make sense of perturbed information. However, the performance of LLMs that suffered from input perturbations has not been fully analyze...
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