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192 Results Found

  • Review
  • Open Access
61 Citations
18,389 Views
26 Pages

Child-Friendly Environments—What, How and by Whom?

  • Märit Jansson,
  • Emma Herbert,
  • Alva Zalar and
  • Maria Johansson

18 April 2022

The socio-physical qualities of built environments are, in several ways, of imperative importance for children growing up. The Child-Friendly Cities initiative by UNICEF, an implementation of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, has made loc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,209 Views
31 Pages

29 June 2025

In the context of rapid urbanization, urban streets have become critical spatial environments for children’s daily activities, directly influencing their mobility safety, behavioral development, and the spatial equity of cities. However, conven...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
6,849 Views
16 Pages

19 November 2021

Since urban children’s populations have been rapidly increasing, there is a growing interest in promoting child-friendly cities and communities. UNICEF has accordingly developed a framework for action to build child-friendly cities and communities. T...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,720 Views
23 Pages

Research on Child-Friendly Evaluation and Optimization Strategies for Rural Public Spaces

  • Jia Fan,
  • Bohong Zheng,
  • Junyou Liu,
  • Fangzhou Tian and
  • Zhaoqian Sun

18 September 2024

Public spaces are essential for the implementation of child-friendly principles and the development of child-friendly cities, with positive and healthy environments playing a crucial role in supporting children’s well-being and development. How...

  • Review
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,751 Views
22 Pages

11 January 2025

The construction of child-friendly cities has become a global issue, and the diverse needs of children during their growth has attracted widespread attention. This study uses CiteSpace 6.4.1 to perform a visual analysis of 966 papers published from 2...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,657 Views
20 Pages

7 July 2025

The construction of child-friendly cities is important for social and economic development. Based on the two-dimensional analysis framework of “Policy Tools–Policy Elements”, this study uses NVIVO 15 qualitative analysis software to...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,224 Views
33 Pages

29 October 2025

As urbanization accelerates, the growing needs of children have led to a significant imbalance between supply and demand in urban spaces. Creating child-friendly environments is crucial for enhancing urban resilience and promoting sustainable develop...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
5,410 Views
28 Pages

30 November 2024

This study explores the concept of child-friendly airports, using Istanbul Airport as a case study to understand how such environments can enhance the travel experience for families with children. Through qualitative research methods, including focus...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,549 Views
20 Pages

20 November 2024

The vitality of a city is shaped by its social structure, environmental quality, and spatial form, with child-friendliness being an essential component of urban vitality. While there are numerous qualitative studies on the relationship between child-...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
9,582 Views
24 Pages

The creation of cities has been one of the most phenomenal achievements of human endeavor. Adults are the major stakeholders for such achievements but the children are helpless and representationless. The current research paper aims at understanding...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
7,915 Views
21 Pages

25 June 2023

Urbanization is a global trend that is expected to continue, and by 2025, it is estimated that almost 60% of the world’s children will live in urban areas. Urban community pocket parks provide a solution to the need for parks in high-density ur...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
6,015 Views
15 Pages

1 February 2024

Designing child-friendly cities is very important for sustainable human development. Child-friendly cities encourage children to grow up in a healthy, safe, and supportive environment. The concept of the “Child-Friendly City” emerged in 1...

  • Article
  • Open Access
24 Citations
8,751 Views
16 Pages

This article sought to develop a critical account of the ever-increasing role of ICTs in cities and urban governance discourses, captured by a growing interest to ‘smarten up’ our cities, for their inclusiveness of citizens more broadly,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
4,584 Views
26 Pages

Towards Child-Friendly Streetscape in Migrant Workers’ Communities in China: A Social–Ecological Design Framework

  • Qianxi Zhang,
  • Xinkai Wang,
  • Yat Ming Loo,
  • Wu Deng,
  • Weixuan Chen,
  • Mindong Ni and
  • Ling Cheng

25 September 2023

Designing child-friendly streetscapes is a pragmatic and effective approach to addressing the limited outdoor play spaces and social exclusion experienced by migrant children living in vulnerable residential areas. However, the existing research and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
985 Views
25 Pages

27 April 2025

This study addresses the critical gap in designing child-friendly school commuting routes in mountainous cities like Chongqing, where steep terrain and complex infrastructure pose unique challenges to children’s safety and accessibility. Combin...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,036 Views
27 Pages

18 July 2025

As urbanization intensifies, high-density communities have become a dominant urban form, making Child-Friendly Community (CFC) development crucial for sustainable urban growth. However, transforming these communities poses challenges, particularly re...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,468 Views
17 Pages

This article focuses on the importance of the right to effective participation of children in conflict with the law in criminal (youth justice) proceedings. In particular, it explores two procedural aspects which are closely related to the right to c...

  • Review
  • Open Access
20 Citations
6,681 Views
14 Pages

16 October 2018

The concept of child-friendliness has appeared in numerous research studies concerning sustainability and the wellbeing of children. For this critical review of child-friendly environments (CFEs), an evaluation framework of CFEs has been developed, c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,701 Views
18 Pages

19 October 2024

When children enter adolescence, their personality traits easily give rise to psychological reactance (PR). PR involves a desire for autonomy and independence, as well as an aversion to parental and social rules and restrictions. Factors that influen...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,803 Views
25 Pages

14 October 2023

This study performs a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of research on child-friendly cities (CFC) conducted from 2000 to 2022. It investigates the global and domestic research trends using two prominent databases, Web of Science (WOS) and China Na...

  • Article
  • Open Access
26 Citations
10,242 Views
22 Pages

14 July 2021

The urban environment is a product of many tangible and intangible factors for communities, involving activities, spaces, and users of different age groups. Stakeholder consultation has become an essential part of envisaging any urban space. In gener...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
4,293 Views
19 Pages

Formative Research to Design a Child-Friendly Latrine in Bangladesh

  • Tarique Md. Nurul Huda,
  • Tania Jahir,
  • Sushobhan Sarker,
  • Farzana Yeasmin,
  • Abdullah Al Masud,
  • Jesmin Sultana,
  • Jyoti Bhushan Das,
  • Fosiul Alam Nizame,
  • Elli Leontsini and
  • Peter J. Winch
  • + 4 authors

In low- and middle-income countries, most latrines are not accessible to young children. We explored how to modify existing pit latrines to make them child friendly. We conducted four focus group discussions with mothers to explore barriers to child...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,565 Views
23 Pages

16 January 2025

Children are the future of society, and their well-being is vital for sustainable urban development. Chengdu, as the birthplace of the “Park City” concept, has actively integrated child-friendly principles into its urban model. In 2022, t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
411 Views
12 Pages

17 December 2025

Background/Objectives: Early detection and timely treatment of amblyopia require reliable visual acuity testing in toddlers; however, conventional Landolt ring charts often show poor testability in 2–3-year-old children. Therefore, we aimed to...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
4,904 Views
14 Pages

Planning plays a critical role in promoting healthy communities for children. We conducted a national survey of United States (US) cities and counties in 2019 and found only half of the 1312 responding communities report they give attention to the ne...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,507 Views
18 Pages

15 April 2023

The Child Friendly Cities Initiative introduced by UNICEF aims to help local governments realise child rights by utilising the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child as its foundation. Using Lundy’s model of child participation, which focuses...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,414 Views
26 Pages

16 January 2025

Increasing attention is being directed toward understanding the impact of urban built environments on children’s health. The concept of the 15-minute city, or “15-minute life circle”, in China is significant; however, the needs of t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,106 Views
25 Pages

An Eye-Tracking Study on Exploring Children’s Visual Attention to Streetscape Elements

  • Kaiyuan Sheng,
  • Lian Liu,
  • Feng Wang,
  • Songnian Li and
  • Xu Zhou

15 February 2025

Urban street spaces play a crucial role in children’s daily commuting and social activities. Therefore, the design of these spaces must give more consideration to children’s perceptual preferences. Traditional street landscape perception...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
5,236 Views
17 Pages

A Tale of Two Cities: Unpacking the Success and Failure of School Street Interventions in Two Canadian Cities

  • Laura E. Smith,
  • Veronique Gosselin,
  • Patricia Collins and
  • Katherine L. Frohlich

One innovative strategy to support child-friendly cities is street-based interventions that provide safe, vehicle-free spaces for children to play and move about freely. School streets are one such innovation involving closing streets around elementa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
5,172 Views
19 Pages

Through Their Eyes: Children’s Perspectives on Quality in Early Childhood Education

  • Maryanne Theobald,
  • Chrystal Whiteford and
  • Amanda McFadden

The quality of children’s early childhood education (ECE) experiences significantly impacts their long-term outcomes and wellbeing. While extensive research has explored quality from the perspectives of adult stakeholders, including educators a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,824 Views
21 Pages

Assessment of the Safety of Children’s Outdoor Public Activity Spaces: The Case of Shanghai, China

  • Lili Qin,
  • Meili Rui,
  • Xinran Qian,
  • Zhen Xu,
  • Shuang Hu,
  • Linlin Feng,
  • Ting Zhu,
  • Wei Xuan and
  • Tianfeng Lu

19 June 2025

Children’s outdoor physical activity (PA) serves as a crucial mechanism for health development, but its safety is affected by urban space design and management. However, most existing studies focus on isolated risk factors or singular spatial t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
39 Citations
10,646 Views
25 Pages

Outdoor play and independent, neighborhood activity, both linked with healthy childhood development, have declined dramatically among Western children in recent decades. This study examines how social, cultural and environmental factors may be hinder...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
3,684 Views
19 Pages

More-Than-Human: A Cross-Sectional Study Exploring Children’s Perceptions of Health and Health-Promoting Neighbourhoods in Aotearoa New Zealand

  • Tiffany Williams,
  • Kim Ward,
  • Victoria Egli,
  • Sandra Mandic,
  • Tessa Pocock,
  • Terryann C. Clark and
  • Melody Smith

A disconnect between children’s ideas and their incorporation into environmental design, in the context of rapid urbanisation and climate crises, compelled us to reflect on children’s meaningful participation in positive environmental cha...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,861 Views
12 Pages

Feasibility of Child-Resistant and Senior-Friendly Press-Through Packages: Potential of Different Materials

  • Kiyomi Sadamoto,
  • Hiroyuki Ura,
  • Mikio Murata,
  • Masaho Hayashi and
  • Kiyoshi Kubota

Press-through packaging (PTP) is the most common type of drug packaging in Japan, and a production procedure for PTP has been established at an acceptable cost. However, unknown problems and new needs with regard to safety among users of various age-...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,968 Views
18 Pages

21 August 2024

With the advancement of child-friendly urban planning initiatives, the significance of Active School Travel Spaces (ASTSs) in shaping urban development and promoting the physical and mental well-being of children has become increasingly apparent. Thi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
6,936 Views
13 Pages

The present study seeks to establish tourism destination management centered on young children for accessible tourism from a public perspective. Preferences for services and facilities for young children were identified using a choice experiment (CE)...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,494 Views
17 Pages

22 September 2025

This study reviews the role of Child-Friendly Green Spaces (CFGS) in supporting children’s psychological, physical, and educational recovery following natural disasters. The main research question guiding this review is the following: how do CF...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,150 Views
26 Pages

2 October 2025

Children’s neighborhood mobility has been widely examined through either independent movement or psychological autonomy, yet few studies consider how these dimensions intersect in the lived realities of low-income, high-density environments. Th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
5,570 Views
9 Pages

Background: Very few studies focus on childhood sexual abuse in middle European countries. Aim: The purpose of our study is to describe the medical and legal characteristics of children who experience sexual abuse and explore common features that may...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
5,259 Views
20 Pages

Lead is well known for its adverse health effects on children, particularly when exposure occurs at earlier ages. The primary source of lead hazards among young children is paint used in buildings built before 1978. Despite being 100% preventable, so...

  • Review
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,810 Views
16 Pages

Public open spaces are important venues for children’s participation in outdoor activities and social life. This study performs a comparative and qualitative review of the tools that can be used to audit the environments of children-focused pub...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,479 Views
15 Pages

In the process of urbanization, children are becoming increasingly estranged from nature. The phenomenon has received widespread attention in developed countries because of its many negative effects on children’s health and pro-nature behaviors...

  • Review
  • Open Access
5 Citations
5,324 Views
19 Pages

Although play results in physical, social, and cognitive benefits, there is a consensus that children’s opportunities to play have been reduced, particularly for those who live in urban environments. What are the barriers to play, and how can w...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,828 Views
11 Pages

Play-Friendly Communities in Nova Scotia, Canada: A Content Analysis of Physical Activity and Active Transportation Strategies

  • Hilary A. T. Caldwell,
  • Joshua Yusuf,
  • Mike Arthur,
  • Camille L. Hancock Friesen and
  • Sara F. L. Kirk

The Play-Friendly Cities framework describes key municipal actions and indicators which support a community’s playability and can positively influence children’s health behaviors and quality of life. The purpose of this study was to condu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,769 Views
18 Pages

Integrating the Built and Social Environment into Health Assessments for Maternal and Child Health: Creating a Planning-Friendly Index

  • Xi Wang,
  • Jennifer Whittaker,
  • Katherine Kellom,
  • Stephanie Garcia,
  • Deanna Marshall,
  • Tara Dechert and
  • Meredith Matone

Environmental and community context earliest in the life course have a profound effect on life-long health outcomes. Yet, standard needs assessments for maternal and child health (MCH) programs often overlook the full range of influences affecting he...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
9,117 Views
27 Pages

The creation of satisfying urban environments calls for the planners, designers and policy makers to understand the structures that cause residents to feel satisfied with their environments. The paper focuses on qualitative aspects of the childrens p...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
5,157 Views
14 Pages

The introduction of the two-child family planning policy in China calls for a study of the response of mothers’ subjective well-being after the birth of a second child. Generally focusing on Western countries, previous studies suggested that a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
6,568 Views
14 Pages

The Association between a Novel Baby-Friendly Hospital Program and Equitable Support for Breastfeeding in Vietnam

  • Caroline M. Joyce,
  • Sherry Shu-Yeu Hou,
  • Binh T. T. Ta,
  • Duong Hoang Vu,
  • Roger Mathisen,
  • Ilona Vincent,
  • Vinh Nguyen Duc and
  • Arijit Nandi

Background: Rates of early initiation of breastfeeding are low in Southeast Asia, despite evidence that increased initiation of early breastfeeding would lead to better long-term infant and child health and decrease inequities in long-term health and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
35 Citations
9,578 Views
20 Pages

Dutch Primary Schoolchildren’s Perspectives of Activity-Friendly School Playgrounds: A Participatory Study

  • Helena Elisabeth (Elsje) Caro,
  • Teatske Maria Altenburg,
  • Christine Dedding and
  • Mai Jeanette Maidy Chinapaw

School playgrounds are important physical activity (PA) environments for children, yet only a small number of children reaches the target of 40% of moderate-to-vigorous PA time during recess. The aim of this study was to explore children’s perspectiv...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,405 Views
28 Pages

The creation of child-friendly communities has become a key goal in sustainable global development. However, South Korea continues to experience a shortage of childcare facilities, resulting in gaps in the public care system and a growing reliance on...

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