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  • Article
  • Open Access

Real-Time Handover in LEO Satellite Networks via Markov Chain-Guided Simulated Annealing

  • Mohammad A. Massad,
  • Abdallah Y. Alma’aitah and
  • Hossam S. Hassanein

3 November 2025

This paper presents a real-time handover and link assignment framework for low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellite networks operating in dense urban canyons. The proposed Markov chain-guided simulated annealing (MCSA) algorithm optimizes user-to-satellite as...

  • Article
  • Open Access
98 Views
13 Pages

30 October 2025

Orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams exhibit divergence during transmission, which constrains the capacity of communication system channels. To address these challenges, intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs), which can independently manipulate incid...

  • Article
  • Open Access
257 Views
15 Pages

Adaptive Context-Aware VANET Routing Protocol for Intelligent Transportation Systems

  • Abdul Karim Kazi,
  • Muhammad Umer Farooq,
  • Raheela Asif and
  • Saman Hina

27 October 2025

Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) play a critical role in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), enabling communication between vehicles and roadside infrastructure. This paper proposes an Adaptive Context-Aware VANET Routing (ACAVR) protocol des...

  • Article
  • Open Access
305 Views
26 Pages

A Game-Theoretic Analysis of Cooperation Among Autonomous Systems in Network Federations

  • Rudolf Kovacs,
  • Bogdan Iancu,
  • Vasile Dadarlat and
  • Adrian Peculea

15 October 2025

This paper investigates cooperative behavior among Autonomous Systems (ASs) within a federated network environment designed to support collaborative shared-technology deployment. It makes use of the concept of an AS federation, where independently ma...

  • Article
  • Open Access
336 Views
15 Pages

9 October 2025

As network automation and self-organizing networks (SONs) rapidly evolve, edge devices increasingly demand lightweight, real-time, and high-precision classification algorithms to support critical tasks such as traffic identification, intrusion detect...

  • Article
  • Open Access
408 Views
23 Pages

7 October 2025

Elastic optical networks (EONs) must allocate resources dynamically to accommodate heterogeneous, high-bandwidth demands. However, the continuous setup and teardown of connections with different bit rates can fragment the spectrum and lead to blockin...

  • Article
  • Open Access
428 Views
18 Pages

Optimized Hybrid Ensemble Intrusion Detection for VANET-Based Autonomous Vehicle Security

  • Ahmad Aloqaily,
  • Emad E. Abdallah,
  • Aladdin Baarah,
  • Mohammad Alnabhan,
  • Esra’a Alshdaifat and
  • Hind Milhem

3 October 2025

Connected and Autonomous Vehicles are promising for advancing traffic safety and efficiency. However, the increased connectivity makes these vehicles vulnerable to a broad array of cyber threats. This paper presents a novel hybrid approach for intrus...

  • Article
  • Open Access
464 Views
29 Pages

25 September 2025

As 5G and beyond networks grow in heterogeneity, complexity, and scale, traditional Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) struggle to maintain accurate and precise detection mechanisms. A promising alternative approach to this problem has involved the us...

  • Article
  • Open Access
592 Views
37 Pages

17 September 2025

The successful integration of Terrestrial and Non-Terrestrial Networks (T/NTNs) in 6G is poised to revolutionize demanding domains like Earth Observation (EO) and Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs). Still, it requires Distributed Machine Learn...

  • Article
  • Open Access
394 Views
22 Pages

17 September 2025

The Internet of Things allows us to implement concepts such as Education 4.0 by connecting sensors, actuators, and applications. In the case of direct and explicit connections, we refer to ensembles that can consist of devices and applications. When...

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Network - ISSN 2673-8732Creative Common CC BY license