2026 May - 107 articles
In the Republic of Korea (ROK), chloroquine is the first-line treatment for Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax), and primaquine is also prescribed to prevent relapse. For Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum), atovaquone-proguanil, pyronaridine-artesunate, a...
Background: Oral dysbiosis during pregnancy has been associated with adverse outcomes, including preterm birth, premature rupture of membranes (PROM), and low birth weight, yet oral health remains an underappreciated component of routine prenatal car...
The incidence of Leptospira spp. infections in cats did not seem to be of major importance until the early 21st century. The relatively rare occurrence of individuals presenting antibodies against Leptospira spp. and the almost unheard of clinical ca...
Grade C molar-incisor pattern periodontitis (C-MIP) is a rapidly progressive form of periodontal disease affecting young individuals that is often linked to a highly virulent genotype of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa). Although Aa is pres...
Intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) remains the main strategy to prevent malaria in pregnancy. However, continued drug pressure may also contribute to the emergence of resistant parasites and impact the gametocy...
Slovenia has a high tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) incidence and TBE vaccination is recommended for all residents ≥1 year-of-age. Despite widespread TBE vaccine use in Slovenia, TBE vaccine effectiveness (VE) has not been reported for Slovenia. We...
Background: Children, adolescents and young adults living with HIV represent a vulnerable population. Achieving viral suppression in this population remains a major challenge in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among...
Objectives: This study investigated the associations of biochemical and body water distribution parameters with dengue status, as well as their discriminatory ability, among hospitalized adults with febrile illnesses and evaluated whether dynamic cha...
Bovine babesiosis is a tick-borne disease that poses significant economic losses to global cattle production, and diverse vaccine platforms have been developed to combat it. This work critically evaluates global research on bovine babesiosis vaccines...
In 2023, Cyprus experienced a large-scale epizootic of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) temporally associated with the emergence of a novel feline coronavirus, FCoV-23. While molecular investigations have elucidated the recombinant origin of FCoV-...
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in over 705 million infections and 7 million deaths, underscoring the importance of understanding disease behavior across diverse environments. As NASA, SpaceX, and ISRO prepare for more frequent missions, m...
Background: Cardiac involvement in dengue has been increasingly recognized, yet the true burden and spectrum of arrhythmias remain uncertain due to heterogeneous and fragmented evidence. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate...
Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a chronic zoonotic parasitic disease with a significant impact on public health in endemic regions. The liver is the most frequently affected organ, and ultrasound-based surveys are considered a reliable tool...
Introduction: Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a rare zoonotic infection caused by Echinococcus multilocularis. In recent years, the number of reported cases has increased across Europe, including Switzerland. Methods: We conducted a retrospective obs...
Though intraperitoneal (IP) inoculation is not the natural pathway of Aleutian Mink Disease Virus (AMDV) infection in mink, it is frequently used experimentally. To investigate AMDV pathogenesis, we compared the effects of IP, aerosol (AE), and natur...
Microorganisms can aggregate and organise into structured communities embedded within an exopolysaccharide-based matrsix, which serves as a protective barrier and a functional environment around microbial cells. The formation of biofilms is widely re...
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) establishes lifelong latency following primary infection and can reactivate to cause severe illness in immunocompromised hosts. CMV DNAemia in non-HIV-infected, non-solid organ/bone marrow transplant (NHNT) hosts is poorly chara...
RNA viruses exhibit high mutation rates, necessitating antivirals targeting conserved infection mechanisms. In this study, viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), a non-human pathogenic negative-sense RNA virus, was used as a surrogate model to en...
Functional antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) represents a fundamental and context-dependent characteristic of antiviral antibody responses, reflecting the dual capacity of antibodies to mediate both the neutralization and Fc receptor-dependent enh...
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of infectious mortality worldwide, reflecting persistent gaps in diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment monitoring. Host RNA transcriptomic signatures have emerged as promising tools for capturing dyna...
Although microbial biopesticides are expanding rapidly, transforming nematophagous fungi into consistent and shelf-stable products remains a challenge. A key limitation is that fungal propagules must remain viable throughout production, storage, and...
Background: Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-associated infectious mononucleosis (IM) elicits a robust cellular immune response; however, systemic chemokine profiles in pediatric IM and their diagnostic relevance remain insufficiently characterized. Th...
Background: Four genotypes of human bocaviruses (HBoVs) have been identified, with only HBoV1 being detected in respiratory specimens, and with HBoV2 being the predominant human bocavirus in fecal specimens, which implies different tissue tropisms fo...
Chocolate spot, caused by the ascomycete fungus Botrytis fabae, is a devastating foliar disease and a major constraint on the quality and yield of faba beans (Vicia faba). Monoterpenes, such as carvone, cineole, and linalool, are often considered nat...
In Cambodia, farmers construct artificial household bat roosts to collect and sell guano as fertilizer. We investigated farming practices and attendant spillover risks using (1) surveys on guano production; (2) an estimation of bat population size an...
Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) has emerged as one of the most extensively studied tumor-associated opportunistic pathogens in colorectal cancer (CRC). The central question in Fn–CRC research has shifted from species-level detection or enrichment...
Food deprivation induces intestinal adaptations in Triatoma pallidipennis, a hematophagous insect with intermittent feeding habits. The ability to survive long periods without food promotes the persistence of this vector in the environment and contri...
This notice provides additional clarification to the original publication [...]
Postoperative endophthalmitis is a rare but severe complication of cataract surgery that may lead to significant visual impairment and can occasionally present as clusters or outbreaks linked to lapses in infection control. On 29 October 2025, three...
Otitis externa in dogs is primarily caused by Malassezia pachydermatis. Treatment involves antifungal and antiseptic agents; however, resistance among causative organisms has been noted. Pomelo (Citrus maxima) is a source of bioactive compounds with...
Salmonella in gut habitats have traditionally been thought to conserve energy for growth via fermentation. However, recent reports indicate that ingested Salmonella can stimulate host-derived nitrate accumulation in the mucosal microenvironment, ther...
Heme metabolism is central to the biology of malaria parasites and to the mechanism of action of artemisinin-based therapies. Within malaria-infected red blood cells (RBCs), heme-related chemistry arises from multiple nested metabolic sources that fu...
Patients undergoing cervical conization for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade II (CIN II) may develop postoperative bloodstream infections (BSIs), and multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli isolates with distinct resistance profiles can co...
The increasing consumption of fish has raised public health concerns regarding fish-borne zoonotic helminths (FBZHs), which are recognized as significant food-borne parasites worldwide. In freshwater environments, Clinostomum complanatum, Opisthorchi...
Background: Influenza A(H3N2) viruses remain a major public health concern due to their rapid antigenic evolution and association with severe disease, particularly among high-risk populations. During the 2025–2026 influenza season, a marked epi...
Background: The intracellular pathogen Brucella requires biotin for survival, yet the role of its de novo synthesis intermediate enzyme, BioA, in virulence remains undefined. This study investigates the contribution of BioA to the pathogenicity of Br...
Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders that affect humans and animals, caused by the conformational conversion of the normal cellular prion protein (PrPC) into its misfolded, infectious isoform PrPSc. Recently, camel prion disease (CPrD...
Introduction: Postoperative infectious complications following retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) remain a significant clinical challenge due to their potential progression to sepsis. This study aimed to identify perioperative risk factors associat...
Bluetongue virus (BTV), the prototype of the genus Orbivirus, infects livestock, causing high morbidity and mortality and impacting global trade. BTV is a non-enveloped, double-capsid virus, composed of seven structural proteins and a genome of 10 do...
Neonatal infections remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly among preterm and low-birth-weight infants and in low- and middle-income countries. This burden has intensified with the global increase in multidrug-resist...
The Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) is an apex predator and an important sentinel for trophically transmitted helminths acquired via predation on wild ungulates. On 2 March 2022, an adult male lynx that was road-killed in the Apuseni Mountains (Surducel hu...
Background: Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) bacteremia represents a major therapeutic and epidemiological challenge, particularly in regions with high antimicrobial resistance rates such as Southern Europe. Longitudinal local data are essenti...
Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious viral disease of small ruminants and remains a major threat to food security and rural livelihoods across Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. In the Mediterranean, uneven outbreak reporting and i...
Syphilis and HIV are sexually transmitted disease (STDs) that interact synergistically. However, data on HIV–syphilis co-infection in Romania remain limited. We conducted a retrospective cohort study at a single Romanian HIV/AIDS Day Clinic, in...
Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common gynecological infection, with Pichia kudriavzevii emerging as a significant pathogen due to its intrinsic fluconazole resistance and biofilm-forming capacity. This study investigates the antifungal efficacy...
Human adenovirus type 7 (HAdV-7) is a significant pathogen responsible for viral community-acquired pneumonia in children. To date, no specific antiviral agents have been approved for clinical use against HAdV infections. Traditional Chinese medicine...
Shigella spp., and Escherichia coli exhibit notable genomic and phenotypic similarities, including serologically and genetically related somatic antigens. For example, the relationship among pathogenic strains E. coli 64474, O179, O188, and S. boydii...
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a highly adaptable gastric pathogen with marked genomic plasticity. Whilst functional CRISPR-Cas systems provide adaptive immunity in many bacteria, they have not been identified in H. pylori, unlike CRISPR-like seq...
Background: Brucellosis is a globally distributed zoonotic disease characterized by highly variable clinical manifestations that may mimic systemic autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. In Europe, where the incidence of brucellosis is relatively low...
The increasing demand for sustainable plant protection products has intensified interest in microbial biocontrol agents (BCAs). This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of selected Streptomyces, Bacillus, and Trichoderma asperellum strain...
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