Epidemiology, Surveillance, Mechanisms, and Control Strategies of Urinary Tract Infections

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2026 | Viewed by 579

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Medical Microbiology, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep 27310, Türkiye
Interests: clinical microbiology; antimicrobial resistance; healthcare-associated infections; bacterial pathogenesis; sepsis and critical care infections

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Guest Editor
Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
Interests: host–pathogen interactions; bacterial infection; vaccines; medical mycology; innate immunity
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections worldwide and represent a significant public health burden across all age groups. They occur in both community and healthcare settings and are associated with substantial morbidity, recurrence, and healthcare costs. UTIs may lead to serious complications, including pyelonephritis, sepsis, renal damage in children, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and consequences related to repeated antimicrobial exposure.

This Special Issue of Pathogens will present a comprehensive perspective on UTIs by integrating epidemiology, surveillance, pathogenesis, prevention, and control strategies. We invite original research articles, reviews, and short communications addressing key aspects of UTIs. Topics of interest include risk factors, advances in diagnostics, rational antimicrobial use, and integrated surveillance systems for improving treatment and stewardship. Submissions focusing on microbial virulence traits such as colonization, adhesion, invasion, biofilm formation, and persistence are encouraged, as are studies on host immune responses, antimicrobial resistance including multidrug-resistant organisms, recurrence patterns, and the clinical relevance of asymptomatic bacteriuria. Contributions highlighting molecular advances and novel prevention or treatment strategies are particularly welcome.

Dr. Mehmet Erinmez
Prof. Dr. Carmelo Biondo
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • uropathogens
  • recurrent UTI
  • virulence factors
  • multidrug-resistant organisms
  • asymptomatic bacteriuria
  • candiduria, antimicrobial stewardship
  • multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens
  • risk factors
  • biofilm formation

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 1310 KB  
Article
Urinary Tract Infectious Complications After Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery: The RIRS-STAMP Risk Score from a Two-Center Cohort
by Mehmet Ozturk, Huseyin Cihan Demirel, Ilker Seckiner, Taner Haciosmanoglu, Muharrem Baturu, Semih Turk, Onur Zeytun and Kaya Horasanli
Pathogens 2026, 15(5), 471; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens15050471 - 27 Apr 2026
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Abstract
Introduction: Postoperative infectious complications following retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) remain a significant clinical challenge due to their potential progression to sepsis. This study aimed to identify perioperative risk factors associated with infection and to develop a practical risk stratification model. Materials and Methods: [...] Read more.
Introduction: Postoperative infectious complications following retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) remain a significant clinical challenge due to their potential progression to sepsis. This study aimed to identify perioperative risk factors associated with infection and to develop a practical risk stratification model. Materials and Methods: A total of 1949 patients who underwent RIRS in two centers between 2014 and 2025 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were grouped according to irrigation method, and infectious outcomes including febrile urinary tract infection (UTI), sepsis, and septic shock were evaluated. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified independent predictors of postoperative infection. Results: Overall, infectious complications occurred in 158 patients (8.1%), with no significant difference in total infection rates between the two groups. In the overall cohort, older age (OR 1.01; p = 0.045), preoperative JJ stenting (OR 1.48; p = 0.038), longer operative time (OR 1.01; p = 0.049), and a history of preoperative UTI requiring antibacterial treatment (OR 68.45; p < 0.001) were independent predictors of postoperative infection. These variables informed the development of the RIRS-STAMP score; the final combined model showed good discrimination (AUC 0.84, 95% CI 0.80–0.88) and was internally validated using 1000 bootstrap resamples. Discussion: These findings highlight the multifactorial nature of infection risk after RIRS and emphasize the importance of both host factors and procedural dynamics in infection development. The RIRS-STAMP score was developed based on these findings. Conclusions: The model can enable early identification of high-risk patients and supports individualized perioperative management; however, prospective external validation is required before routine clinical use. Full article
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