Metals, Volume 8, Issue 6

Traditional high-pressure mechanical compressors account for over half of the car station’s cost, have insufficient reliability, and are not feasible for a large-scale fuel cell market. An alternative technology, employing a two-stage, hybrid s...

The surface hardening and softening behavior of two types of medium carbon martensitic steel (AISI P20-improved and AISI P21) after laser-assisted heat treatment was quantitatively compared. The laser-assisted heat treatment was performed using a hig...

While the recovery of rare earth elements (REEs) from aqueous solution by ionic liquids (ILs) has been well documented, the metal compounds that are formed in the organic phase remain poorly characterized. Using spectroscopic, analytical, and computa...

A novel class of quaternary intermetallic alloys based on CoPt is investigated in view of their interesting magnetic properties induced by the presence of hard magnetic L1₀ phase. A Co₄₈Pt₂₈Ag₆B₁₈ alloy has been prepared by rapid solidification from...

Near β titanium alloy Ti-55531 with an acicular starting microstructure was isothermally compressed at 750–825 °C and 10⁻³−1 s⁻¹. The microstructure evolution and its influence on the flow behavior of yielding and sof...

Ag₂O nanoparticles-doped MnO₂ decorated on different percentages of highly reduced graphene oxide (HRG) nanocomposites, i.e., (X%)HRG/MnO₂–(1%)Ag₂O (where X = 0–7), were fabricated through straight-forward precipitation procedure, and 400...

Carbon encapsulated Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles (C@Fe₂O₃) were successfully synthesized via a facile and environmentally friendly hydrothermal method and prototyped in anode materials for sodium ion batteries (SIBs). High-resolution transmission and scanning...

For the porthole hot extrusion of a thin-walled tube based on metal flow, the role of the die’s structure should be focused on to achieve precision formation, especially for multi-output extrusion and/or complex cross-sectional profiles. In ord...

With a view to design connected processing steps for the manufacturing of components, the hot working behavior of the ABaX422 alloy has been characterized for the as-cast and extruded conditions. In the as-cast condition, the alloy has a limited work...

The simulation of a complete manufacturing process to produce an aero engine case, including forging, rolling, and machining processes, is analyzed via finite element software. The deformation of the turning and drilling processes is quantitatively s...

The high temperature creep behaviors of a Zr-based bulk metallic glass (BMG) are studied by uniaxial tensile creep experiments under applied stresses of 50–180 MPa at temperatures of 660–700 K. The microstructural observations of the BMG...

The 3.6C-20Cr-Fe-(0–2.32)V high chromium cast iron (HCCI) hardfacing layers were deposited on low alloy steel by electroslag surfacing. The microstructure of hardfacing layers were observed and the carbide types, size and area fraction were mea...

Coatings, with a thickness of up to 75 µm, were formed by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) under the alternating current electrical mode in a silicate-alkaline electrolyte on aluminum composites without additives and alloyed with copper (1&n...

The 2024 nanocomposite reinforced with Al₂O₃ nanoparticles was fabricated by the ultrasonic assisted semisolid stirring (UASS) method and rheoformed into a cylinder component. Microstructure, mechanical properties, and wear behavior of the rheoformed...

The effect of temperature, soaking time and particle size on the dissolution of particles (Fe₃P and Fe) during homogenization was simulated employing Thermocalc^® and DICTRA software. The initial precipitate size was determined through metallograp...

This paper introduces a new phenomenological cumulative damage rule to predict damage and fatigue life under variable amplitude loading. The rule combines a residual S-N curve approach and a material memory concept to describe the damage accumulation...

The weldabilities were investigated during 10 kW high-power fiber laser welding of 304 stainless steel with the shielding gases of 100% Ar, 80% Ar + 20% CO₂ and 100% CO₂, respectively. As the proportion of CO₂ in shielding gas increased from 0% to 20...

The kinetics of amorphization during ball milling is generally analyzed using two different approaches: the classical Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov (JMAK) theory and Delogu and Cocco’s model for which a region deterministically transforms afte...

High-phosphorus iron ore is not used because of its high phosphorus content. Phosphorus is mainly present in fluorapatite. In this work, the phosphorus vaporization that occurs during the carbothermal reduction of fluorapatite was investigated. The t...

This paper presents a trend model of the competitive formation of multi-type inclusions during the cooling and solidification of steel. The model is able to predict the evolution of various inclusions, including their type, composition and size distr...

In this study, the weld quality of 780 MPa grade dual phase (DP) steel with 1.0 mm thickness was predicted using adaptive resonance theory (ART) artificial neural networks. The welding voltage and current signals measured during resistance spot weldi...

Zr alloy is expected to decrease the artifact volume of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) due to its relatively small magnetic susceptibility. To improve the mechanical properties of a Zr–1mass%Mo alloy that yielded a reduced artifact volume dur...

The effect of traveling magnetic fields (TMFs) on the grain and micro-pore formation in an Al alloy was studied by scanning electron microscope and X-ray microtomography in this work. The results show that with the increasing magnetic flux density, t...

This paper presents an experimentally-proved hydrometallurgical process for selective metals recovery from the waste-printed circuit boards (WPCBs) using a combination of conventional and time-saving methods: leaching, cementation, precipitation, red...

The austenitic high-nitrogen (AHNS) and high-interstitial steels (AHIS) with more than 0.6 weight-% N allow for a yield strength above 1.1 GPa and a tensile strength above 1.5 GPa by maintaining an elongation to fracture markedly above 30%. These ste...

A three-dimensional multiphysical transient model was developed to investigate keyhole formation, weld pool dynamics, and mass transfer in laser welding of dissimilar materials. The coupling of heat transfer, fluid flow, keyhole free surface evolutio...

As material for key parts applied in the aerospace field, the Cu-Be-Co-Ni alloy sustains cyclic plastic deformation in service, resulting in the low cycle fatigue (LCF) failure. The LCF behaviors are closely related to the precipitation states of the...

A type of advanced γ-TiAl-based alloy called β-solidifying γ-TiAl has elicited remarkable research interest in the last few decadesbecause of its excellent workability and homogeneous microstructures. Thermomechanical treatments are...

The coupled effect of strain-induced precipitation and stabilized substructure on the elevated-temperature strength of an Al–Mn–Si alloy and its thermal stability have been investigated. Prestrain significantly promotes the nucleation of...

In general, the thermal cutting processes of steel plates are considered to have an influence on microstructures and residual stress distribution, which determines the mechanical properties and performance of cut edges. They also affect the quality o...

Mg based implants are limited by their poor strength, ductility, and corrosion performance in physiological environments, drawbacks further compounded by their premature loss of mechanical integrity and evolution of harmful hydrogen gas. Neodymium ad...

This paper deals with the investigation of complex-alloyed nickel aluminides obtained from oxide compounds by aluminothermic reduction. The aim of the work was to study and develop the physicochemical basis for obtaining complex-alloyed nickel alumin...

This study characterizes the microstructure and its associated crystallographic features of bulk maraging steels fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) combined with a powder bed technique. The fabricated sample exhibited characteristic melt poo...

Magnesium composite foams with 10 vol. % of hollow ceramic microspheres (CMs) were prepared by modified melt foaming method. Specimens with homogeneous pore structures were subjected to various heating temperature (150, 250, 320, 400, and 500 °C,...

Conventionally, molds for metal injection molding (MIM) process are fabricated using metallic materials using conventional machining processes. Machined metal molds are resilient and therefore could be suitable for mass production of MIM parts. Howev...

Numerical simulation is an important tool which can be used for designing parts and production processes. Springback prediction, with the use of numerical simulation, is essential for the reduction of tool try-outs through the design of the forming t...

Crystal plasticity finite element (CPFE) simulations were performed on the representative volume elements (RVE) modeling body centered cubic (bcc) single, bi- and tri-crystals. The RVE model was designed to include a void inside a grain, at a grain b...

AZX312 (AZ31-2Ca) magnesium alloy, with starting conditions of as-cast (AC), cast-homogenized (CH), and disintegrated melt deposition (DMD), is examined in terms of its compressive strength and hot working behavior to establish the relative merits an...

A key issue in understanding and effectively managing hydrogen embrittlement in complex alloys is identifying and exploiting the critical role of the various defects involved. A chemo-mechanical model for hydrogen diffusion is developed taking into a...

Magnesium-based metal matrix nanocomposites (MMNCs) are an important topic in the development of lightweight structural materials, because their optimized properties are of great interest to the automotive and aerospace industries. Moreover, componen...

Multiple strengthening methods, such as high dislocation density, high twin density, small grain size, and metastable austenite phase can give high strength to ultra-high strength steels (UHSSs). However, the high strength of UHSSs often results in a...

Commercially pure (C.P.) iron powders with a deliberate high degree of oxidation were consolidated by medium-frequency electrical resistance sintering (MF-ERS). This is a consolidation technique where pressure, and heat coming from a low-voltage and...

A pointing process is a pre-work operation to facilitate the feeding of a rod to pass through a drawing die. After performing the pointing process, the drawing material is inserted into the drawing die and the jaw pulls the end of the material. A bar...

Lubricants have much importance in several industries, principally serving to reduce friction and wear in mechanical elements. In this study, the influence of Castor oil as bio-lubricant on the friction and wear performance of AISI 4140 steel was inv...

Fe-based metallic glasses are amorphous alloys with high strength, high hardness, and excellent corrosion resistance; however, the immaturity of processing methods has prevented their wide application in industrial production. Fe-based metallic glass...

The nanoindentation test is frequently used as an alternate method to obtain the mechanical properties of ductile materials. However, due to the lack of information about the effects of the sample and indenter physical configurations, the accuracy of...

Bainitic steels play an important role in the modern automotive and rail industries because of their balanced properties. Understanding the relationship between the bainitic microstructure features and the fatigue performance is a fundamental ingredi...

Two-dimensional graphene nanoplatelets with unique electrical, mechanical and thermophysical characteristics are considered as an interesting reinforcement to develop new lightweight, high-strength, and high-performance metal matrix nanocomposites. O...

The non-alloyed hypo-eutectoid steel C45 was annealed in a steady air atmosphere at T > A_C1 using three temperature ranges and annealing times t_a = ½, 1 and 2 h. The oxidation and decarburization obeyed the parabolic law of growth with time...

Low strength, which limits the industrial applications of Mg alloys, can be improved by forming Mg-based metal matrix composites (MMC) reinforced with ceramic particles. In this study, a Mg-based MMC was synthesized by introducing SiC particles into...