Metals, Volume 16, Issue 2

The present study investigates the impact of femtosecond laser shock peening (FLSP) on the corrosion resistance of an AZ31 magnesium alloy. The alloy was subjected to irradiation with varying pulse energies in an air environment, and subsequent modif...

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have rapidly evolved from a seminal concept in 2004 to a mainstream materials science frontier, witnessing exponential growth since 2010. To date, the preparation and research methods for HEAs have undergone substantial div...

This study investigates the progressive and critical variations in the outer minor-axis length of 6063-T5 aluminum alloy elliptical-square tubes, each with one of four outer major-to-minor axis length ratios (1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0), subjected to cyc...

Thermodynamic calculations were performed in the Co-Nb-V ternary system on the isothermal sections at 1000 °C and 1200 °C, and several vertical sections at different compositional ranges were constructed using the CALPHAD methodology, drawing...

The present study investigates the effect of welding heat input on the corrosion resistance of duplex stainless steel (DSS) overlays, with particular focus on applications in pressure vessels and clad plates. ER2209 filler metal was deposited onto SA...

This study investigates the evolution and influencing factors of non-metallic inclusions in industrial pipeline steel during the vacuum degassing (VD) process. Steel and slag samples were systematically collected at multiple intervals throughout the...

Vanadium (V), molybdenum (Mo), iron (Fe), and aluminum (Al) are crucial alloying elements in certain high-performance titanium alloys. Traditionally, these elements are added to titanium alloys in the form of binary master alloys such as V-Al, Mo-Al,...

Platinum group metals (PGMs)—comprising platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), rhodium (Rh), iridium (Ir), ruthenium (Ru), and osmium (Os)—are indispensable strategic materials for key industries, including automotive manufacturing, petrochemical...

The present work focuses on the fatigue behaviour of the additively manufactured Ti6Al4V-ELI alloy, which is mainly used for biomedical applications such as implants and prosthetics. It was found that the studied material is characterised by an almos...

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Steel is a fundamental structural material; however, its production poses significant environmental challenges, accounting for 4–5% of global carbon dioxide emissions. With an average carbon footprint of 1.9 tons of $C{O}_2$ per ton of steel produce...

Weathering steel (WS), a class of low-alloy steel, which often outperforms traditional carbon steels in bridge applications, develops a stable and adherent patina that enhances resistance to atmospheric corrosion. The patinas develop through complex...

This study investigates the hot deformation behavior of electroslag remelted (ESR) 25Cr2Ni2MoV steel, focusing on the effects of deformation temperature and strain rate on flow stress, microstructure evolution, and dynamic recrystallization (DRX) mec...

To address the limitations of cobalt-based cermet in oxidative and high-temperature environments, this study investigates a (W,Ti)C-based cermet system incorporating a hybrid binder composed of nickel (Ni) and 304 stainless steel (304ss). A series of...

Weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores represent a significant source of medium and heavy rare earth elements. Their mineralization mechanism fundamentally involves the adsorption and enrichment of rare earth ions on the surfaces of second...

The quality of the feedstock powder plays a key role in determining the properties of coatings produced by cold spray (CS). However, most commercially available powders are not specifically designed for CS, which makes it difficult to tailor powder c...

Al-Mg-Zn crossover alloys are promising lightweight structural materials. This study systematically investigates the effects of Ga content (0–0.8 wt.%) and pre-treated aging (PA) on the mechanical properties and microstructure in high-Mg-conten...

This study employed a Gleeble-3800TM thermal simulator to conduct thermal cycle experiments on the coarse-grained heat-affected zone (CGHAZ) of Nb-Ti-La microalloyed steel under welding heat inputs of 50, 80, 100, and 120 kJ/cm. A systematic analysis...

The parametrization of the thermomechanical behavior of shape memory alloys (SMAs) under constant load is described in terms of their functional properties. The deformation–temperature–stress behavior of SMAs from various alloy systems&md...

Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) was adopted to manufacture AlSi10Mg, and two post-processing schedules, T4 (510 °C/2 h + water quench) and T6 (T4 + 180 °C/6 h), were applied to elucidate how Si precipitation size controls ductility. The as-bui...

This study reviews the application of wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) technology in maritime engineering and investigates an experimentally driven analytical approach for prediction of thermal distributions based on the Rosenthal solution. Two...

This study investigates the influence of vanadium–nitrogen (V-N) microalloying design on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 700 MPa grade ultra-high-strength steel bars. Through the control of the V/N ratio and cooling rate, a yiel...

Fe composites are highly valued for their unique mechanical and magnetic properties, making them essential in various industrial applications. This study represents the first reported attempt to combine PZT into an Fe matrix, aiming to develop novel...

This study systematically investigates the microstructure evolution, mechanical properties, and residual stress distribution in diffusion-bonded joints between Al₂O₃ ceramic and TC4 alloy. Motivated by the need for reliable high-temperature joints in...

Hypo-peritectic steels are susceptible to interfacial cracking during thin-slab continuous casting, in which non-metallic inclusions play a critical role. This study systematically investigates the effects of inclusion type and morphology on interfac...

Titanium alloys are widely used as bone graft materials due to their excellent corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. Implant failure can result from long-term exposure to body fluids and inflammation-induced pH decreases, both of which compromis...

To address surface defects and enhance the wear resistance of 316L stainless steel parts fabricated by Selective Laser Melting (SLM), this study applied shot peening (SP) surface treatment to the SLM-processed samples. Ball-on-disk tribological tests...

Accurately predicting molten steel carbon content plays a crucial role in improving productivity and energy efficiency during the Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) steelmaking process. However, current data-driven methods primarily focus on endpoint carbon...

This study investigates the thermodynamic and experimental aspects of producing a chromium–manganese ligature under high-temperature smelting conditions using low-grade iron–manganese ore and ferrosilicochrome (FeSiCr) dust as both a redu...

A CoCrNi-AlTi medium-entropy alloy was fabricated via laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF), and its microstructural evolution and mechanical response during aging at 500–900 °C for 1 h were systematically investigated. The as-built alloy exhibit...

In the original publication [...]

Mg has high potential as a base metal for biocompatible metallic implants due to its light weight, biocompatibility, and mechanical properties that are similar to bone. In the present study, Mg-10Se was synthesized via a powder metallurgy method foll...

Ni–Fe alloys were prepared via electrodeposition from a citrate electrolyte under different magnetic field (MF) strengths (0.1 T, 0.3 T, and 0.5 T) and configurations parallel (B_‖) and perpendicular (B_⊥) to the electrode surface. The...

Surface roughness, critically measured by the Arithmetical Mean Roughness (Ra), is a vital determinant of workpiece functional performance. Traditional contact-based measurement methods are inefficient and unsuitable for online inspection. While mach...

Mafic mine tailings are highly resistant to bioleaching due to their silicate-rich composition, low sulfide content, and strong buffering capacity. This study aimed to assess the potential use of heterotrophic bioleaching to promote the release of me...

This study examines the mechanical response of medium-manganese TRIP steels under different stress states, focusing on deformation-induced austenite-to-martensite transformation and ageing phenomena. Two steels with distinctly different ferrite&ndash...

Copper–aluminum layered composites offer a promising combination of high conductivity, light weight, and cost-effectiveness, making them attractive for applications in electric vehicles, electronics, and power transmission. However, achieving r...

A comprehensive investigation was conducted into the microstructural evolution, high-cycle fatigue properties, and corresponding fatigue fracture mechanism of the simulated coarse-grained heat-affected zone (CGHAZ) in low-carbon microalloyed steel wi...

In this study, 3 wt.% Re/Inconel 718 composite was fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), and the effects of aging treatments on the microstructure and properties of the Re/Inconel 718 composite were systematically investigated. This study aim...

To address the limitations in the corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel, ceramic reinforcements are increasingly utilized in additive manufacturing. However, their influence on corrosion behavior varies significantly. Via laser powder bed fusi...

In this study, a Hastelloy C276 coating was fabricated on the surface of Q345B steel using high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spraying technology, and the corrosion behavior and mechanism of the coating in a simulated seawater environment were investigate...

Structural steel reuse can gain large embodied-carbon savings, yet it is still not widely adopted since approval depends on the quality of the evidence, how uncertainty is handled, and if the design requirements are followed, not just on resistance....

We studied the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of ultrafine-grained CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloys fabricated by mechanical alloying of various additives and spark plasma sintering. The additives were 1 wt.% process control agent...

Ultra-high heat input welding offers high efficiency for large-scale offshore engineering, but excessive heat input can degrade low-temperature toughness. This study investigates the microstructural evolution and impact toughness of EH36 ship steel u...

Rolling contact fatigue and wear of wheel–rail systems are critical factors affecting the safety of high-speed railways and have long been key research topics in materials science. This paper reviews the theoretical foundations of wheel–r...

The microstructure evolution law and the changes in mechanical properties of 442 ferritic stainless steel after annealing treatment at different temperatures are systematically investigated. The results show that, as the annealing temperature increas...

The performance of Zr-2.5Nb alloy pressure tubes in nuclear reactors is critically dependent on the behavior of precipitated hydrides. In this study, a hydrogen-charged Zr-2.5Nb alloy pressure tube was subjected to in situ tensile testing combined wi...

This work reports on the extraction and separation of Co(II) and Li(I) ions from chloride solutions using a synergistic mixture, namely Cyphos IL 101 (trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride[R₄PCl] and TBP (tributylphosphate). This system has not be...

Edge cracking severely limits the rolling yield of magnesium alloy plates. A novel lattice severe deformation rolling (LSDR) process using corrugated rolls is proposed to suppress edge cracking. Numerical simulations, rolling experiments, and microst...

Carburizing process optimization requires accurate prediction of multiple interrelated outcomes, yet existing models either oversimplify the physics or require prohibitively large datasets. Here, we present a physics-informed machine learning (PIML)...