2026 April-2 - 135 articles
Background/Objectives: Melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, is a severe tropical infectious disease associated with high mortality in endemic regions. Early diagnosis remains challenging because conventional diagnostic methods, including...
Background/Objectives: Cranial gunshot injuries represent severe traumatic brain injuries associated with high mortality rates. This study investigated whether integrating clinical findings at admission, including GCS score and pupillary response, wi...
Sedation and anesthesia are integral components of modern gastrointestinal endoscopy, enhancing patient comfort and procedural success while adding risks such as respiratory and cardiovascular complications. Accurate monitoring of sedation depth is e...
Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with monocytic differentiation poses significant clinical challenges, including high relapse rates and chemotherapy resistance. Current morphological assessment is limited by inter-observer variability, low se...
Background/Objectives: Cardiovascular interventions require prolonged fluoroscopy, which increases the risk of radiation. Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs), set at the 75th percentile of the dose distribution, are vital benchmarks for dose optimizat...
Background/Objectives: Laryngeal leukoplakia and dysplasia carry a variable risk of malignant transformation. Although microlaryngoscopic excision is standard of care, data on voice function are limited. Multidimensional diagnostics, including the Vo...
Background: Dual mobility (DM) total hip arthroplasty (THA) was introduced to reduce postoperative instability, one of the most frequent causes of revision after hip replacement. Its use has progressively expanded beyond revision surgery to selected...
Background/Objectives: The Korean Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System monitors bloodstream Staphylococcus aureus infections by combining antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) with conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Con...
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an ever-growing threat to global healthcare. It is largely driven by delayed or inadequate pathogen identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing in routine clinical workflows. By the time the clinician rec...
Background/Objectives: The modified Budin radiographic technique is a practical alternative to CT for measuring femoral neck anteversion (FNA); however, the impact of hip abduction angle on its accuracy remains unclear. This experimental study examin...
Background: Critically ill cardiac patients who require invasive mechanical ventilation represent a high-risk population with persistently elevated in-hospital mortality, despite advances in cardiovascular and critical care management. Real-world dat...
Background/Objectives: Radiation therapy for left-sided breast cancer exposes the heart and lungs to incidental radiation, increasing long-term risk of cardiopulmonary morbidity. This study evaluated the dosimetric impact of DIBH compared with free b...
Background/Objectives: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of these diseases are of critical importance. Stethoscopes are the easiest and fastest medical devices for the initial d...
Background: Turnaround time (TAT) is a key performance indicator in clinical microbiology, particularly for urine cultures, which represent a high-volume workload and directly impact antimicrobial stewardship. Methods: This retrospective observationa...
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is widely used as a second-line treatment for chronic tendinopathy that persists despite structured conservative care, yet outcomes and imaging correlates remain heterogeneous. This review outlines PRP biology and preparati...
Background/Objectives: Whole-blood viscosity (WBV) is increasingly used in cardiovascular risk assessment; however, inter-device comparability may depend on shear-rate definition. We performed a paired comparison of two scanning capillary viscometers...
Background: In everyday practice, we observed an increased number of complications with a xeno-hybrid bovine graft in challenging cases, prompting a systematic review of timing strategies and the impact of the operator. Objective: To compare early sa...
Background/Objectives: The manual analysis of sperm morphology, crucial for male infertility diagnosis, is subjective and time-consuming. Automated methods using deep learning, offer a promising alternative; however, standard deep models are prone to...
Objectives: This study assessed the association between physical activity and vascular endothelial function and carotid atherosclerotic plaques in older adults using ultrasound imaging. Methods and Results: A total of 60 older adults were divided int...
Zinner syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly of the male genitourinary tract, characterized by the triad of unilateral renal agenesis, ipsilateral seminal vesicle cyst, and ejaculatory duct obstruction. Owing to its low prevalence and nonspecific cli...
Background/Objectives: To develop and externally evaluate a deep learning framework for multi-label thoracic disease classification on chest radiographs using hybrid convolutional neural network (CNN)–transformer architectures, hierarchical sca...
Background/Objectives: Collision tumors between seborrheic keratosis and melanoma represent a well-known diagnostic pitfall, particularly when the benign keratinocytic component constitutes the predominant portion of the lesion. In such cases, melano...
Background/Objectives: Optimal specimen collection is essential for accurate diagnostic tests for upper airway infections. Rapid antigen diagnostic tests (RDTs) are commonly used for SARS-CoV-2 testing, yet the optimal sampling depth remains unclear....
Background/Objectives: In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched a strategy to eliminate cervical cancer by ensuring high vaccination coverage, effective screening, and access to treatment. This review assesses how this strategy has been...
Background/Objectives: Echocardiography reports are essential diagnostic tools, but their complexity and specialized English terminology frequently hinder comprehension for non-specialists and patients. This study addresses these accessibility gaps b...
Background/Objectives. Radiomics is an emerging imaging-based tool that enhances lesion characterization beyond conventional diagnostic approaches. Its potential in evaluating osteolytic lesions of the jaws lies in improving discrimination between be...
Background/Objectives: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is widely used in colon cancer management; however, its diagnostic and prognostic accuracy is limited by biological variability, as well as false-positive or false-negative results. Radiomics prov...
Background/Objectives: When the squamocolumnar junction is not fully visible (type 3 transformation zone), colposcopy-directed biopsy may under-sample endocervical disease. Endocervical curettage (ECC) is recommended in selected settings, but its inc...
Background and Clinical Significance: Parry–Romberg syndrome (PRS), also known as progressive hemifacial atrophy, is a rare disorder characterized by progressive unilateral hemifacial atrophy, with potential involvement of the cranial bones and...
Background/Objectives: Image quality of mammograms in breast cancer screening is strongly operator-dependent, particularly in the mediolateral oblique (MLO) projection where adequate visualisation of the pectoralis major muscle serves as a surrogate...
Background: Osteoporosis is a prevalent condition characterized by low bone mass and altered microarchitecture, increasing fracture risk. Early detection remains challenging, as conventional methods such as DXA are limited to specialized settings and...
Background/Objectives: The prerequisite for diagnosing celiac disease (CD) in children without duodenal biopsy is a tissue transglutaminase antibody (TGA) level exceeding 10 times the upper limit of normal levels, along with a positive confirmatory a...
Background/Objectives: The human brain is responsible for controlling various physiological functions, and hence, the presence of tumors in the brain is a major concern in the medical field. The correct identification and categorization of tumors in...
Objective: Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are usually occult but can present with a symptomatic hemorrhage. Treatment recommendations for CCMs are still controversially discussed, as all CCMs have signs of chronic hemorrhage. The distinction...
Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is widely used in the management of stage I–III breast cancer, with tumor regression serving as an important surrogate for long-term outcome. Identifying reliable pathological biomarkers predictive of...
Background/Objectives: To evaluate the associations between corneal topographic irregularity, higher-order aberrations (HOAs), and posterior segment structural and microvascular parameters in keratoconus using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and O...
Objective: Existing deep learning (DL) studies on brain metastasis have largely focused on algorithm or reader performance in controlled settings, whereas its role in routine teleradiology quality support remains unestablished. We evaluated the repor...
Background/Objectives: Measures of excess body fat are often more informative for predicting health risk than body mass index (BMI) alone. With obesity prevalence increasing among young adults, this study evaluated whether adding dominant handgrip st...
Background/Objectives: Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE) is a common, serious hip disorder in children and adolescents. Two-dimensional (2D) radiography is the gold standard for diagnosis but may not fully capture the deformity’s complex...
Background: RASopathies represent a clinically and genetically diverse group of syndromes resulting from germline mutations in genes regulating the RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascade. Methods: The aim of this study was to d...
Lamellar ichthyosis is a rare congenital disorder of keratinization frequently associated with ocular complications, most commonly cicatricial ectropion and exposure keratopathy. We present a case of severe mixed exposure-related and neurotrophic ker...
Background/Objectives: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) accumulate in long-lived extracellular matrix proteins and have been implicated in skin aging and tissue remodeling, particularly in photo-exposed skin. High-frequency ultrasound (HFU) off...
Background/Objectives: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by an extensive desmoplastic microenvironment; however, reproducible stromal-associated biomarkers linked to disease progression remain limited. This study therefore aime...
Background: Idiopathic epiretinal membranes (iERMs) are treated with pars plana vitrectomy and epiretinal membrane peeling. Simultaneous internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling could reduce the recurrent rate. We aimed to explore the anatomical and...
Background/Objectives: This study proposes CMT-BUSNet, a hybrid architecture integrating CNN, Mamba, and Transformer branches for breast ultrasound tumor segmentation with built-in explainability. Methods: CMT-BUSNet employs a CNN-anchored hierarchic...
Preoperative risk stratification for laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) remains imperfect, particularly in patients with chronic inflammatory remodeling and biliary anatomic variants. Existing tools often focus on acute presentations or intraoperative...
Background/Objectives: Tumor–stroma ratio (TSR) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were suggested as prognostic markers in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Identification of markers assessable in preoperative biopsies that could guid...
Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is increasingly managed as a dynamic risk continuum in which imaging findings guide therapeutic escalation rather than merely confirm diagnosis. The principal challenge still remains normotensive patients with intermedia...
One-sided dorsal onlay urethroplasty (Kulkarni technique) aims to preserve urethral vascularity by limiting urethral mobilization to a single side of the corpus spongiosum while maintaining contralateral vascular attachments. Although the theoretical...
Background: Lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide, primarily due to late diagnosis. Although machine learning (ML) techniques have been widely applied for lung cancer classification, many studies lack a f...
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