Sensors, Volume 24, Issue 21

Loop-Mediated Isothermal Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) is a widely used technique for nucleic acid amplification due to its high specificity, sensitivity, and rapid results. Advances in microfluidic lab-on-chip (LOC) technology have e...

The objective of 3D hand pose estimation (HPE) based on depth images is to accurately locate and predict keypoints of the hand. However, this task remains challenging because of the variations in hand appearance from different viewpoints and severe o...

The objective of this study was to assess the accuracy of virtual reality (VR) technology in replicating real-life environments for the adoption of appropriate human postures and forces. Despite the widespread implementation of VR in various applicat...

Effective detection techniques are important for wildlife monitoring and conservation applications and are especially helpful for species that live in complex environments, such as arboreal animals like koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus). The implementa...

The fusion of low-resolution hyperspectral images (LR-HSI) with high-resolution multispectral images (HR-MSI) provides a cost-effective approach to obtaining high-resolution hyperspectral images (HR-HSI). Existing methods primarily based on convoluti...

In the past few decades, there has been a notable technological advancement in geophysical sensors. In the case of magnetometry, several sensors were used, having the common feature of being miniaturized and lightweight, thus idoneous to be carried b...

This study proposes a wearable gait assessment method using inertial measurement units (IMUs) to evaluate gait ability in daily environments. By focusing on the estimation of the margin of stability (MoS), a key kinematic stability parameter, a metho...

The alarming rise in chronic diseases worldwide highlights the urgent need to overcome the limitations of conventional drug delivery systems. In this context, osmotic pumps are able to release drugs by differential osmotic pressure, achieving a contr...

To better cope with stress in emergencies, emergency personnel undergo virtual reality (VR) stress training. Such training typically includes visual, auditory and sometimes tactile impressions, whereas olfactory stimuli are mostly neglected. This con...

Mixed non-motorized traffic is largely unaffected by motor vehicle congestion, offering high accessibility and convenience, and thus serving as a primary mode of “last-mile” transportation in urban areas. To advance stochastic capacity es...

Pipe-type cable systems, including high-pressure fluid-filled (HPFF) and high-pressure gas-filled cables, are widely used for underground high-voltage transmission. These systems consist of insulated conductor cables within steel pipes, filled with p...

This study investigated the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) technology in table tennis education compared to traditional training methods. A 12-week randomized controlled trial was conducted with 120 participants divided equally between VR and...

This study used hyperspectral remote sensing to rapidly, economically, and non-destructively determine the soil iron oxide content of the Dinosaur Valley annular tectonic region of Lufeng, Yunnan Province. The laboratory determined the iron oxide con...

Chemical analysis adopts a calibration curve to establish the relationship between the measuring technique’s response and the target analyte’s standard concentration. The calibration equation is established using regression analysis to ve...

Strong mine pressure often emerges when the working face of the lower coal seam in a closely spaced coal seam system passes through the remaining coal pillar in the overlying goaf. This study investigates the law of overburden movement and the manife...

This paper presents a comprehensive review of cardiorespiratory auscultation sensing devices (i.e., stethoscopes), which is useful for understanding the theoretical aspects and practical design notes. In this paper, we first introduce the acoustic pr...

A crucial role is played by steering-angle prediction in the control of autonomous vehicles (AVs). It mainly includes the prediction and control of the steering angle. However, the prediction accuracy and calculation efficiency of traditional YOLOv5...

The classification of ECG signals is a critical process because it guides the diagnosis of the proper treatment process for the patient. However, any form of disturbance with ECG signals can be highly conspicuous because of the mechanics involved in...

Underwater simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) is essential for effectively navigating and mapping underwater environments; however, traditional SLAM systems have limitations due to restricted vision and the constantly changing conditions of...

Point cloud semantic segmentation is crucial for identifying and analyzing transmission lines. Due to the number of point clouds being huge, complex scenes, and unbalanced sample proportion, the mainstream machine learning methods of point cloud segm...

The research on how to effectively extract the instantaneous characteristic components of non-stationary signals continues to be both a research hotspot and a very challenging topic. In this paper, a new method of multi-component decomposition is pro...

Current super-resolution algorithms exhibit limitations when processing noisy remote sensing images rich in surface information, as they tend to amplify noise during the recovery of high-frequency signals. To mitigate this issue, this paper presents...

This paper proposes a novel decentralized federated reinforcement learning (DFRL) framework that integrates deep reinforcement learning (DRL) with decentralized federated learning (DFL). The DFRL framework boosts efficient virtual instance scaling in...

Sensory data are the basis for the intelligent health state awareness of planetary gearboxes, which are the critical components of electromechanical systems. Despite the advantages of intelligent diagnostic techniques for detecting intricate fault pa...

Line charts are prevalent in scientific documents and commercial data visualization, serving as essential tools for conveying data trends. Automatic detection and tracing of line paths in these charts is crucial for downstream tasks such as data extr...

The mixed signal of respiratory waveform and heartbeat waveform detected by the Laser-Doppler system is processed with an intermediate-frequency (IF) interference filtering method, an enhanced extraction method and a waveform-fixing method. To filter...

Exoskeletons possess a high potential for assisting the human workforce while eliminating or reducing the risk of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs). However, their usage in agricultural work, where there is a plethora of reported WMSD ca...

The conventional approach to appearance prediction for 3D printed parts is to print a thin slab of material and measure its reflectance or transmittance with a spectrophotometer. Reflectance works for opaque printing materials. Transmittance works fo...

Battery-powered sensor nodes encounter substantial energy constraints, especially in linear wireless sensor network (LWSN) applications like border surveillance and road, bridge, railway, powerline, and pipeline monitoring, where inaccessible locatio...

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women globally, making early and accurate detection essential for effective treatment and improved survival rates. This paper presents a method designed to detect and localize breast cancer using deep...

In the era of digital music proliferation, music genre classification has become a crucial task in music information retrieval. This paper proposes a novel channel-aware convolutional neural network (ECAS-CNN) designed to enhance the efficiency and a...

Studies using source localization results have shown that cortical involvement increased in treadmill walking with brain–computer interface (BCI) control. However, the reorganization of cortical functional connectivity in treadmill walking with...

The global increase in the population of Visually Impaired People (VIPs) underscores the rapidly growing demand for a robust navigation system to provide safe navigation in diverse environments. State-of-the-art VIP navigation systems cannot achieve...

The detection and quantification of additives in tobacco products are critical for ensuring consumer safety and compliance with regulatory standards. Traditional analytical techniques, like gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), li...

Traditional vibration-based damage detection methods often involve human intervention in decision-making, therefore being time-consuming and error-prone. In this study, we propose using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to detect patterns in the stru...

In this paper, we address the issues of insufficient accuracy and frequent identity switching in the multi-target tracking algorithm DeepSORT by proposing two improvement strategies. First, we optimize the appearance feature extraction process by tra...

An accurate panorama depth estimation result is crucial to risk perception in autonomous driving practice. In this paper, an innovative framework is presented to address the challenges of imperfect observation and projection fusion in panorama depth...

In the production management of agriculture, accurate fruit counting plays a vital role in the orchard yield estimation and appropriate production decisions. Although recent tracking-by-detection algorithms have emerged as a promising fruit-counting...

We are proposing a novel self-assembled monolayer (SAM) functionalized ZnO nanowires (NWs)-based conductometric sensor for the selective detection of hydrogen (H₂). The modulation of the surface electron density of ZnO NWs due to the presence of nega...

Pigmented skin lesions have increased considerably worldwide in the last years, with melanoma being responsible for 75% of deaths and low survival rates. The development and refining of more efficient non-invasive optical techniques such as diffuse r...

This study presents an advanced framework integrating LLAMA_V2, a large language model, into Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) systems. The focus is on efficient network slicing for various services. Sensors in IoT devices generate continuous data st...

This paper investigates methods that leverage physical contact between a robot’s structure and its environment to enhance task performance, with a primary emphasis on improving precision. Two main approaches are examined: solving the inverse ki...

Impact loads affect the operational performance and safety life of rolling equipment’s connecting-shaft rotor system, even causing faults and accidents. Therefore, recognizing and investigating impact loads is of great significance. Hence, a lo...

To address the challenges of suboptimal remote detection and significant computational burden in existing multi-sensor information fusion 3D object detection methods, a novel approach based on Bird’s-Eye View (BEV) is proposed. This method util...

Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) research, particularly in image processing technologies, have shown promising applications across various domains, including health care. There is a significant effort to use AI for the early diagnosis...

Sleep, notably active sleep (AS) and quiet sleep (QS), plays a pivotal role in the brain development and gradual maturation of (pre) term infants. Monitoring their sleep patterns is imperative, as it can serve as a tool in promoting neurological matu...

This article reviews rotational seismology, considering different areas of interest, as well as measuring devices used for rotational events investigations. After a short theoretical description defining the fundamental parameters, the authors summar...

Due to the complex intersection and control of multiple structural systems, the hydrogeological conditions of the Laiyuan Basin in China are complex. The depth of research on the relationship between geological structure and groundwater migration nee...

A simple and sensitive method for Cu²⁺ detection was developed using the Cu⁺-catalyzed alkyne–azide cycloaddition reaction, Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as the reaction platform, and a portable blood glucose meter (PGM) as the detection...

In-flight alignment is a critical milestone for inertial navigation system/global navigation satellite system (INS/GNSS) applications in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The traditional position integration formula for in-flight coarse alignment requ...