483 Results Found

To improve the laser cleaning surface quality of composite layers on Al alloy surfaces, a method of determining the optimal cleaning parameters is proposed that is based on the response surface methodology. It involves constructing a mathematical mod...

Raman spectroscopy (RS), for its robust analytical capabilities under constant development, is a powerful method for the identification of various materials, in particular pigments in cultural heritage. Characterization of the artist’s palette...

A major challenge in heritage science is the non-invasive cross-sectional analysis of paintings. When low-energy probes are used, the presence of opaque media can significantly hinder the penetration of incident radiation, as well as the collection o...

For the forensic analysis of multi-layered paint chips of hit-and-run cars, detailed compositional analysis, including minor/trace chemical components in the multi-layered paint chips, is crucial for the potential credentials of the run-away car as t...

Image inpainting aims to restore the damaged information in images, enhancing their readability and usability. Ancient paintings, as a vital component of traditional art, convey profound cultural and artistic value, yet often suffer from various form...

The Tomba dei Demoni Alati is located in the Etruscan necropolis of Sovana (Grosseto, Southern Tuscany, Italy). At the end of the 1990s, excavation revealed remains of this aedicule tomb, carved into red tuff; in 2004, further excavation highlighted...

The removal of the surface paint of Q345 (Gr·B) steel, as well as microstructure and hardness of the cleaned surface were investigated. The laser source used in this study is a nanosecond pulsed Gaussian light source. The surface morphology an...

Cracks are one of the most common issues affecting colored pottery relics; these can be divided into macroscopic cracks, recognizable by the human eye, and micron cracks, which cannot be observed by the naked eye. The gradual development of micron cr...

In conservation, science semiconductors occur as the constituent matter of the so-called semiconductor pigments, produced following the Industrial Revolution and extensively used by modern painters. With recent research highlighting the occurrence of...

This paper reports the preliminary results of a comparative analysis of the effects of three consolidants on the color appearance of fresco paint layers affected by lack of cohesion. In vitro assays were performed with a laboratory-synthesized nanoli...

Recently, ultrafast lasers exhibiting high peak powers and extremely short pulse durations have created a new paradigm in materials processing. The precision and minimal thermal damage provided by ultrafast lasers in the machining of metals and diele...

The non-invasive depth-resolved imaging of pictorial layers in paintings by means of linear optical techniques represents a challenge in the field of Cultural Heritage (CH). The presence of opaque and/or highly-scattering materials may obstruct the p...

Stained glass paint layers made with vitreous paints can be a challenging subject for analyses. Their heterogenic structure requires proper experimental methodology in order to obtain valuable data. The main goal of this paper is to present the advan...

The global surface pressure was measured on a 7° half-angle circular cone/flare model at a nominally zero angle of attack using pressure-sensitive paint (PSP). These experiments were conducted to illustrate fast PSP’s usefulness and effectiveness at...

This article attempts to highlight a phenomenon that more or less permanently damages emulsion paint layers, the surfaces of which remain sufficiently permeable for dust particles to become permanently anchored there; when the particles are nanometri...

In 1996, more than four hundred Buddhist statues were excavated from the Hoard of Longxing Temple site in Qingzhou, Shandong Province, China. They are of great significance in the study of Buddhism history during the Northern and Southern Dynasties o...

In this work, a painted gypsum bas-relief from the facades of the inner courtyard of the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts building was examined using UV and visible light photography and optical and electron scanning microscopy, which showed the hetero...

This study examines the intriguing peculiarities of the surface paint layer found in the painting Village scene (1931) by renowned Singapore artist Liu Kang (1911–2004). The incorporation of non-invasive visible light (VIS) and near-infrared (N...

As a result of human activity and environmental changes, several types of damages may occur to ancient mural paintings; indeed, lacunae, which refer to the area of paint layer loss, are the most prevalent kind. The presence of lacuna is an essential...

The carbon steel is used in many areas due to its good mechanical properties; however, its low corrosion resistance presents a very important problem, for example, when carbon steel carabiners are used in the petroleum industry or navy, the possibili...

The aim of the work was to quantify the surface wettability of metallic (Fe, Al, Cu, brass) surfaces covered with sprayed paints. Wettability was determined using the contact angle hysteresis approach, where dynamic contact angles (advancing ΘA...

Aluminum alloys have been widely utilized in automobiles, aircraft, building structures, and high-speed railways industries due to their excellent structural and mechanical properties. Surface oxide film removal prior to aluminum alloy welding and ol...

Roughness, pigment impurities, and neoformed minerals are important factors affecting the reflectance of painted surfaces. However, other factors that have not yet been studied in detail, such as the total thickness of the paint layer and the amount...

Although subterranean tombs are largely protected from the external environment, the colonization of microorganisms threatens their conservation. Conventional biocides have negative effects on the environment, human health, and the sensitive material...

To date, it is still not possible to obtain exhaustive information about organic materials in cultural heritage without sampling. Nonetheless, when studying unique objects with invaluable artistic or historical significance, preserving their integrit...

Grisaille is a glass-based paint made by mixing metal oxides (iron or copper) with ground lead-silica glass. The different materials used in the grisailles production (coloring agents, base glasses, or vehicles) can significantly impact their long-te...

The complex thermophysical property of temperature-sensitive paint (TSP) research is discussed. TSP is used for visualization of the surface temperature distribution in wind tunnel aerodynamic tests. The purpose of this research was to provide reliab...

The “Tian Di Chang Chun” horizontal plaque was inscribed by General Feng Yü-hsiang in R.O.C. 25 (1936). Due to the aging of the materials and some factors in the preservation environment, the red painted layer on the surface of the p...

This research examines the inter-relationship between the deposition time, degreasing temperature, and applied voltage in the cataphoretic painting process, focusing on their cumulative effects on the thickness of the formed layers. A series of exper...

Out of a total of 56 paintings in the collection of the Lazar Vozarević Gallery in Sremska Mitrovica, only one Lazar Vozarević painting from 1961, titled “Untitled”, has been subject to atypical degradation that has resulted in damage of...

The temple mural paintings of the Ming Dynasty in China are highly valuable cultural heritage. However, murals in North China have long faced deterioration such as pigment-layer detachment, which seriously threatens their preservation and study, grad...

In this contribution, three methodologies based on temperature-sensitive paint (TSP) data were further developed and applied for the optical determination of the critical locations of flow separation and reattachment in compressible, high Reynolds nu...

In this study, a pulsed laser operating at a wavelength of 1064 nm and with a pulse width of 100 ns was utilized for the removal of paint from the surface of a 2024 aluminum alloy. The experimental investigation was conducted to analyze the influence...

This work deals with the identification of natural binders and the study of the complex stratigraphy in paintings using reflection FT-IR spectroscopy, a common diagnostic tool for cultural heritage materials thanks to its non-invasiveness. In particu...

This research investigates how the inclusion of bone glue affects the performance of traditional painted furniture ground layers, particularly under dry–wet cycling conditions. The ground layers, applied to wood substrates in seven different ra...

Detection of flow transition on aircraft surfaces and models can be vital to the development of future vehicles and computational methods for evaluating vehicle concepts. In testing at ambient conditions, IR thermography is ideal for this measurement...

Advanced measurement technology on boundary layer transition is an effective means to study the flow mechanism and the performance of the cascade. In this research, to investigate the boundary layer transition of transonic VKI-RG turbine cascade, a n...

The possibility of using the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) mobile universal surface explorer (MOUSE) to study underpaintings is validated. The depth sensitivity of the EPR MOUSE is measured using an EPR standard, and is verified using three p...

Artifacts pertaining to Buddhist culture are often studied in relation to their circulation from India throughout the rest of Asia; however, many traveled to Europe during the last few centuries as trade commodities and pieces for the art market, los...

Urban art is a form of artistic visual expression and communication that is created in the street and generally in the public dimension of urban spaces. Often these kinds of artworks are in outdoor environments, and they usually suffer from atmospher...

Automotive coatings and the processes used to coat automobile surfaces exemplify the avant-garde of technologies that are capable of producing durable surfaces, exceeding customers’ expectations of appearance, maximizing efficiency, and meeting envir...

The painting collection of Santa Casa da Misericórdia da Lourinhã is amongst Portugal’s most notable and scarcely best-known cultural heritage. The artistic interest of this pictorial group, besides the advanced state of degradati...

This paper describes the technological process used to manufacture composite paints with a high content of metallic microparticles (Al and Fe) for automotive electromagnetic compatibility applications. The thickness of the deposited paint layer was l...

In order to understand the painting materials and profile structures used in the creation of Chinese ancient folk architectural paintings, the architectural paintings of the Bell and Drum Tower at Fushan Temple in Shaanxi Province of China was invest...

During the storage of celluloid pictures for animation films over half a century, an interleave paper adhered to acrylic paint. The purpose of this study is to establish a methodology to cleanly remove the paper from the paint. A layered film, a repl...

Strain measurements are vital for monitoring the load-bearing capacity and safety of structures. A common approach is to affix strain gages onto structural surfaces. On the other hand, most aerospace, automotive, civil, and mechanical structures are...

Painted stone carvings from Pujiang Museum in Chengdu were excavated from the Ming tombs near to Chengdu Metro Line 7. The Ming burial sites were the eunuch graves of the Shu King, and their tomb was constructed mostly of stone and decorated with pai...

The scientific examination and comparative investigation of pigments are fundamental for further understanding and analysis of historic and artistic works, and particularly useful for conservators. In fine art authentication, investigations are stron...

Microorganisms are one of the main factors in the deterioration of cultural heritage, in particular art paintings. The antiseptics currently used in painting have significant limitations due to insufficient effectiveness or increased toxicity and int...

Smart vapour barriers enable building envelopes to dry toward the interior side. This property can be used in compact wooden roofs to create more slender structures by placing the wooden load-bearing elements inside the insulation layer. There is, ho...