91 Results Found

Breast cancer is a tumor entity that is one of the leading causes of mortality among women worldwide. Although numerous treatment options are available, current explorations of personalized vaccines have shown potential as promising new treatment opt...

Background/Objectives: Fully personalized peptide vaccines targeting tumor-specific mutations are a promising treatment option for patients in an adjuvant but also advanced/metastatic disease situation in addition to non-personalized standard therapi...

Genetic instability of tumors leads to the appearance of numerous tumor-specific somatic mutations that could potentially result in the production of mutated peptides that are presented on the cell surface by the MHC molecules. Peptides of this kind...

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), one of the deadliest gastrointestinal cancers, has had limited effective therapeutic strategies up to now. Accumulating evidence suggests that effective immunotherapy in cancer patients has been associated w...

Stage III–IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a devastating disease characterized by a poor prognosis. NSCLC tumors carry genetic mutations, which can lead to the expression of altered protein sequences. Peptides originating from mutated p...

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive subtypes of breast cancer (BC), comprising approximately 20% of newly diagnosed BC cases. The poor prognosis, high recurrence rates, and inefficacy of hormone-based therapies make TNB...

Personalized cancer vaccines represent a revolutionary frontier in oncology, harnessing the unique genetic and molecular profile of individual tumors to elicit targeted immune responses. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current la...

Antigenic differences formed by alterations in gene expression and alternative splicing are predicted in breast cancer cells undergoing epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the reverse plasticity known as MET. How these antigenic difference...

In recent decades, adoptive cell transfer and checkpoint blockade therapies have revolutionized immunotherapeutic approaches to cancer treatment. Advances in whole exome/genome sequencing and bioinformatic detection of tumour-specific genetic variati...

Personalized cancer vaccines have emerged as a promising avenue for cancer treatment or prevention strategies. This approach targets the specific genetic alterations in individual patient’s tumors, offering a more personalized and effective tre...

Cancer neoantigens that arise from somatic mutations have emerged as important targets for personalized immunization. Here, we report an improved overall survival of a HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer patient using a bioinformatic-based persona...

Background/Objectives: Neoantigens have attracted attention as ideal therapeutic targets for anti-tumour immunotherapy because the T cells that respond to neoantigens are not affected by central immune tolerance. Recent findings have revealed that th...

Background: Accurate human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotyping is a critical step in the implementation of neoantigen peptide-based cancer immunotherapy. Existing computational tools for HLA genotyping using high-throughput sequencing data often lack...

Neoantigen-based cancer vaccine therapy is a breakthrough in the field of immunotherapy. However, it is difficult for vaccines against neoantigens to overcome the immunosuppressive microenvironment, where tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a si...

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays crucial roles in several important biological functions such as embryogenesis, epithelial tissue development, and cellular regeneration. However, in multiple solid tumor types overexpression and/or ac...

This review evaluates the financial burden of current treatments for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and projects potential financial scenarios to assess the feasibility of introducing a peptide-based neoantigen cancer vaccine (NCV) targeting th...

Neoantigens, presented as peptides on the surfaces of cancer cells, have recently been proposed as optimal targets for immunotherapy in clinical practice. The promising outcomes of neoantigen-based cancer vaccines have inspired enthusiasm for their b...

A proteogenomics-based neoantigen prediction pipeline, namely ProGeo-neo, was previously developed by our team to predict neoantigens, allowing the identification of class-I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) binding peptides based on single-nucl...

Immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint blockades, play a critically important role in cancer treatments. For immunotherapies, neoantigens, which are generated by somatic mutations in cancer cells, are thought to be good targets due to their tum...

Recent clinical successes of cancer immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are rapidly changing the landscape of cancer treatment. Regardless of initial impressive clinical results though, the therapeutic benefit of ICIs appears to b...

Adoptive cell immunotherapy (ACT) is a vibrant field of cancer treatment that began progressive development in the 1980s. One of the most prominent and promising examples is chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell immunotherapy for the treatment of B-...

Personalized vaccines against patient-unique tumor-associated antigens represent a promising new approach for cancer immunotherapy. Vaccine efficacy is assessed by quantification of changes in the frequency and/or the activity of antigen-specific T c...

Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease, harboring a five-year overall survival rate of only 13%. Current treatment approaches thus require modulation, with attention shifting towards liberating the stalled efficacy of immunotherapies. Select chemother...

Over the last few decades, major efforts in cancer research and treatment have intensified. Apart from standard chemotherapy approaches, immunotherapy has gained substantial traction. Personalized immunotherapy has become an important tool for cancer...

Hundreds of lymph nodes (LNs) are scattered throughout the body. Although each LN is small, it represents a complete immune organ that contains almost all types of immunocompetent and stromal cells functioning as scaffolds. In this review, we highlig...

Targeting mutation-derived neoantigens is a promising strategy for personalized immunotherapies. However, identifying true neoantigens and cognate T cell receptors (TCRs) remains challenging because computational prediction of neoantigen peptides is...

Personalized cancer vaccines based on neoantigens are a new and promising treatment for cancer; however, there are still multiple unresolved challenges to using this type of immunotherapy. Among these, the effective identification of immunogenic neoa...

Neoantigens are tumor-specific antigens able to induce T-cell responses, generated by mutations in protein-coding regions of expressed genes. Previous studies demonstrated that only a limited subset of mutations generates neoantigens in microsatellit...

Neoantigen-based immunotherapies harness somatic mutations as tumor-specific targets and represent a major advance in personalized cancer treatment. Since neoantigens are presented exclusively on cancer cells, they enable highly selective T-cell reco...

To develop combination immunotherapies for gastric cancers, immunologically well-characterized preclinical models are crucial. Here, we leveraged two transplantable murine gastric cancer cell lines, YTN2 and YTN16, derived from the same parental line...

Bacteriophage-eukaryotic cell interaction provides the biological foundation of Phage Display technology, which has been widely adopted in studies involving protein-protein and protein-peptide interactions, and it provides a direct link between the p...

The development of a neoantigen-based personalized vaccine has promise in the hunt for cancer immunotherapy. The challenge in neoantigen vaccine design is the need to rapidly and accurately identify, in patients, those neoantigens with vaccine potent...

Cancer immunotherapies are treatments that use drugs or cells to activate patients’ own immune systems against cancer cells. Among them, cancer vaccines have recently been rapidly developed. Based on tumor-specific antigens referred to as neoantigens...

Unique peptide neo-antigens presented on the cell surface are attractive targets for researchers in nearly all areas of personalized medicine. Cells presenting peptides with mutated or other non-canonical sequences can be utilized for both targeted t...

The discovery of tumor-derived neoantigens which elicit an immune response through major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I/II) binding has led to significant advancements in immunotherapy. While many neoantigens have been discovered through the ident...

Neoantigens are derived from tumor-specific somatic mutations. Neoantigen-based synthesized peptides have been under clinical investigation to boost cancer immunotherapy efficacy. The promising results prompt us to further elucidate the effect of neo...

An important factor associated with primary resistance to immune-checkpoint therapies (ICT) is a “cold” tumor microenvironment (TME), characterized by the absence of T cell infiltration and a non-inflammatory milieu. Whole-exome and RNA sequencing to...

Background/Objectives: During cancer development, tumor cells accumulate somatic mutations, which could generate tumor-specific neoantigens. The aberrant protein can be recognized by the immune system as no-self, triggering an immune response against...

Neoantigen-based immunotherapies promise to improve patient outcomes over the current standard of care. However, detecting these cancer-specific antigens is one of the significant challenges in the field of mass spectrometry. Even though the first se...

Tumor vaccines have been considered a promising therapeutic approach for treating cancer in recent years. With the development of sequencing technologies, tumor vaccines based on neoantigens or genomes specifically expressed in tumor cells, mainly in...

DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) and isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH1/2) are genes involved in epigenetic regulation, each mutated in 7–23% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Here, we investigated whether hotspot mutations in these...

In the last few years, the importance of neoantigens in the development of personalized antitumor vaccines has increased remarkably. In order to study whether bioinformatic tools are effective in detecting neoantigens that generate an immune response...

Cancer immunotherapy has achieved multiple clinical benefits and has become an indispensable component of cancer treatment. Targeting tumor-specific antigens, also known as neoantigens, plays a crucial role in cancer immunotherapy. T cells of adaptiv...

Personalized neoantigen vaccines are a highly specific cancer treatment designed to induce a robust cytotoxic T-cell attack against a patient’s cancer antigens. In this study, we searched ClinicalTrials.gov for neoantigen vaccine clinical trial...

The success of checkpoint blockade therapy against cancer has unequivocally shown that cancer cells can be effectively recognized by the immune system and eliminated. However, the identity of the cancer antigens that elicit protective immunity remain...

Ovarian cancer is one of the most common cancers among women and the most lethal malignancy of all gynecological cancers. Surgery is promising in the early stages; however, most patients are first diagnosed in the advanced stages, where treatment opt...

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most prevalent form of primary liver cancer, presents significant therapeutic challenges due to its molecular complexity, late-stage diagnosis, and inherent resistance to conventional treatments. The intermediate t...

Peptide vaccines possess several advantages over mRNA vaccines but are generally less effective at inducing antitumor immunity. The bottlenecks limiting peptide vaccine efficacy could be elucidated by tracking and comparing vaccine-induced T-lymphocy...

Birinapant, an antagonist of the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins, upregulates MHCs in tumor cells and displays a better tumoricidal effect when used in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors, indicating that Birinapant may affect the antigen p...

Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive rare malignancy associated with asbestos exposure. A better understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of MPM will help develop a targeted therapy strategy. Oncogene targeted depth sequencing...