Background: Studies investigating event-related potential (ERP) evoked in a Cue-Go/NoGo paradigm have shown lower frontal N1, N2 and central P3 in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compared to typically developing children...
The interaction of physical and numerical size has been investigated and repeatedly demonstrated in the numerical Stroop task, in which participants compare digits of different physical sizes. It is, however, not entirely clear yet what psychological...
5 December 2022
Background: Gaming disorder (GD) may impair executive functions such as response inhibition. According to the tripartite neurocognitive model, the interoceptive system generates a state of craving that exacerbates the dysfunction of GD. We speculate...
The Go/NoGo task requires attention and sensory processing to distinguish a motor action cue or ‘Go stimulus’ from a ‘NoGo stimulus’ requiring no action, as well as motor preparation for a rapid Go stimulus response. The neura...
Two recent, prominent theorems—the “no-go theorem for observer-independent facts” and the “Local Friendliness no-go theorem”—employ so-called extended Wigner’s friend scenarios to try to impose novel, non-tri...
18 November 2019
Binge drinking is a common pattern of alcohol consumption in adolescence and youth. Neurocognitive dual-process models attribute substance use disorders and risk behaviours during adolescence to an imbalance between an overactivated affective-automat...
The basal ganglia (BG) have long been known for contributing to the regulation of motor behaviour by means of a complex interplay between tonic and phasic inhibitory mechanisms. However, after having focused for a long time on phasic reactive mechani...
The human brain is constantly active, even at rest. Alpha coherence is an electroencephalography (EEG) rhythm that regulates functional connectivity between different brain regions. However, the relationships between resting-state alpha coherence and...
Children fitted with hearing aids (HAs) and children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often have marked difficulties concentrating in noisy environments. However, little is known about the underlying neural mechanism of auditory a...
Computer games have been regarded as an important field of artificial intelligence (AI) for a long time. The AlphaZero structure has been successful in the game of Go, beating the top professional human players and becoming the baseline method in com...
In his famous thought experiment, Wigner assigns an entangled state to the composite quantum system made up of Wigner’s friend and her observed system. While the two of them have different accounts of the process, each Wigner and his friend can...
(1) Background: Response inhibition refers to the conscious ability to suppress behavioral responses, which is crucial for effective cognitive control. Currently, research on response inhibition remains controversial, and the neurobiological mechanis...
Response inhibition is frequently examined using visual go/no-go tasks. Recently, the auditory go/no-go paradigm has been also applied to several clinical and aging populations. However, age-related changes in the neural underpinnings of auditory go/...
Detailed studies of the equiprobable auditory Go/NoGo task have allowed for the development of a sequential-processing model of the perceptual and cognitive processes involved. These processes are reflected in various components differentiating the G...
Machine learning (ML) methods are increasingly being applied to analyze biological signals. For example, ML methods have been successfully applied to the human electroencephalogram (EEG) to classify neural signals as pathological or non-pathological...
This study builds on the early brain dynamics work of Erol Başar, focusing on the human electroencephalogram (EEG) in relation to the generation of event-related potentials (ERPs) and behaviour. Scalp EEG contains not only oscillations but non-w...
Background/Objectives: Response inhibition, a core aspect of executive function, is commonly evaluated using the Go/NoGo task. While previous research has demonstrated that short-term practice can influence both behavioral and neural markers of respo...
Problematic internet use (PIU) is linked to psychological distress and cognitive alterations, yet its early pre-clinical effects remain unclear. This study explored the psychological, behavioral, and neurophysiological correlates of PIU in a healthy,...
Background and Objectives: Added sugar usage has become an important public health issue nowadays. Therefore, the interest in studying the cognitive and emotional effects associated with sugar consumption has increased. The present study aimed to inv...
Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a neurodevelopmental genetic disorder characterized by multiple system involvement with hypotonia, poor suck with feeding difficulties, growth and other hormone deficiencies, intellectual disability, and behavioral prob...
The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate whether transcranial static magnetic field stimulation (tSMS), which can modulate cortical excitability, would influence inhibitory control function when applied over the dorsolateral prefrontal cort...
(1) Background: Inhibitory and rewarding processes that mediate attentional biases to addiction-related cues may slightly differ between patients suffering from alcohol use (AUD) or gambling (GD) disorder. (2) Methods: 23 AUD inpatients, 19 GD patien...
Better mining corporations want to adopt “Responsible Mining”. This paper outlines the essentials of responsible mining and offers a guide to corporations who want become responsible. Eight principles are discussed: (1) Social and environmental asses...
An insertion or deletion of a nucleotide (nt) in the penultimate or the last exon can result in a frameshift and premature termination codon (PTC), giving rise to an unstable protein variant, showing a dominant phenotype. We described two α-globin mu...
Quick decision making is a vital factor for a successful pass in soccer games. Many previous studies of decision making in soccer focused on motor execution, but inhibitory processing has remained unclear. This study aimed to clarify the differences...
We present a brief mathematical-like formulation of the no-go theorem, useful for bouncing and wormhole solutions in Horndeski theory. The no-go theorem is almost identical in the cases of flat FLRW geometry and static, spherically symmetric setting,...
While there is good evidence supporting the positive effect of planning strategies like implementation intentions on the relationship between intention and behavior, there is less evidence on the moderating role of individual differences in planning...
9 January 2023
Two prominent features of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are the inability to inhibit intrusive thoughts and behaviors and pathological doubt or intolerance of uncertainty. Previous study showed that uncertain context modeled by equiprobable pre...
The effect of the predominant playing position of elite basketball players on executive functions using both behavioral and electrophysiological measurements was investigated in the present study. Forty-six elite basketball players, including 27 guar...
Loss of control eating (LOC) constitutes a common eating pathology in childhood and adolescence. Models developed for adult patients stress a biased processing of food-related stimuli as an important maintaining factor. To our knowledge, however, no...
We identified two unstable variants in the third exon of α-globin genes: Hb Bernalda/Groene Hart (HBA1:c.358C>T), and Hb Caserta (HBA2:c.79G>A) in cis to Hb Sun Prairie (HBA2:c.391G>C), also named Hb Southern Italy. These mutations occ...
Electroencephalography (EEG) provides insights into the neural mechanisms underlying attention, response inhibition, and distraction in cognitive tasks. This dataset was collected to examine neural activity in young drivers and non-drivers performing...
Proactive inhibition is divided into two components: action postponing (AP), which refers to slowing the onset of response, and action restraint (AR), which refers to preventing the response. To date, several studies have reported alterations in proa...
Inhibition of reaching and grasping actions as an element of cognitive control and executive function is a vital component of sensorimotor behaviour that is often impaired in patients who have lost sensorimotor function following a stroke. To date, t...
15 April 2020
Inhibitory control, the ability to suppress prepotent responses and resist irrelevant stimuli, is thought to play a critical role in the maintenance of obesity. However, electrophysiological performance related to different inhibitory control process...
Response inhibition relies on both proactive and reactive mechanisms that exert a synergic control on goal-directed actions. It is typically evaluated by the go/no-go (GNG) and the stop signal task (SST) with response recording based on the key-press...
There is a discussion about common or various mechanisms of response inhibition and response switching. To understand these mechanisms, we used a modified Go/NoGo task with three stimulus categories. The subjects were instructed to press a button in...
Cognitive development is defined as the capacity of a child to think, reason, and use language, which are all vital to their overall growth. Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder. Though severa...
28 August 2021
The processing of health-related stimuli can be biased by health anxiety and anxiety sensitivity but, at the moment, it is far from clear whether health-related stimuli can affect motor readiness or the ability to inhibit action. In this preliminary...
Hořava–Lifshitz gravity has covariance only under the foliation-preserving diffeomorphism. This implies that the quantities on the constant-time hypersurfaces should be regular. In the original theory, the projectability condition, which strongly res...
Hemispheric asymmetries are a major organizational principle in human emotion processing, but their interaction with prefrontal control processes is not well understood. To this end, we determined whether hemispheric differences in response inhibitio...
In vaccine efficacy trials, inaccurate counting of infection cases leads to systematic under-estimation—or “dilution”—of vaccine efficacy. In particular, if a sufficient fraction of observed cases are false positives, apparent...
Evidence suggests that oral intake of medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs), which promote the production of ketone bodies, may improve cognitive functions in elderly people; however, the underlying brain mechanisms remain elusive. We tested the hypothes...
(1) Background: The Go/NoGo task and color-word Stroop task were used to investigate the effect of applying different frequency bands of neural oscillations to the lDLPFC on inhibitory control modulation. (2) Methods: Participants were randomly categ...
Growing evidence suggests alterations in cognitive control processes in individuals with varying degrees of age-related hearing loss (ARHL); however, alterations in those with unaided mild ARHL are understudied. The current study examined two cogniti...
The present study aimed to assess the beneficial effect of acute carbohydrate (7% CHO) intake on muscular and cognitive performances. Seventeen high levels athletes in explosive sports (fencing and squash) participated in a randomized, double-blind s...
Members of three generations of a Norwegian family (N = 9) with a rare demyelinating disease were studied. Neuropsychological testing was performed using the Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE), Wechsler Intelligence Scale-III (WAIS-III), and Hopki...
Inhibitory control, as an essential cognitive ability, affects the development of higher cognitive functions. Rhythmic perceptual stimulation has been used to improve cognitive abilities. It is unclear, however, whether it can be used to improve inhi...
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that modulates the noradrenergic activity of the locus coeruleus (LC). Yet, there is still uncertainty about the most effective stimulation and relia...
Children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) exhibit behavioral dysregulation, executive dysfunction, and atypical function in associated brain regions. Previous research shows early intervention mitigates these outcomes but corresponding bra...
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