As a most significant cereal crop, maize provides vital nutritional components to humans and livestock. Drought stress curtails maize growth and yield by impairing several morphological, physiological, and biochemical functions. The rising threats of...
This review examines the reproductive biology of Limonium, mainly L. sinuatum and L. perezii, and explores the breeding strategies employed for these species. Limonium is one of the 20 most cultivated genera in the ornamental plant industry worldwide...
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) was introduced to Southeast Asia in the 16th–17th centuries and has since flourished as an industrial crop. Since the 1980s, Thailand has emerged as the leading producer and exporter of cassava products. This...
Ramie (Boehmeria nivea) is renowned for its superior fiber strength, length, and unique properties, yet its genetic improvement has lagged behind other fiber crops. This review synthesizes recent advances in ramie fiber development at the genetic, ge...
In order to deal with the effects of globalization, urbanization, increase in world population, global warming, and climate change; and according to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 2 targets, which aim to end hunger, achieve food security and...
Flooding or submergence is one of the major environmental stressors affecting many man-made and natural ecosystems worldwide. The increase in the frequency and duration of heavy rainfall due to climate change has negatively affected plant growth and...
The development of wheat cultivars capable of withstanding drought conditions is necessary for global food security. Conventional breeding, emphasizing the exploitation of inherent genetic diversity by selecting wheat genotypes exhibiting superior dr...
The recent rapid climate changes and increasing global population have led to an increased incidence of abiotic stress and decreased crop productivity. Environmental stresses, such as temperature, drought, nutrient deficiency, salinity, and heavy met...
Sesame seeds and their edible oil are highly nutritious and rich in mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Bioactive compounds such as sterols, tocopherols, and sesamol provide significant medicinal benefits. The high oil content (50%) and favorable...
Among cereal crops, wheat has been identified as a major source for human food consumption. Wheat breeders require access to new genetic diversity resources to satisfy the demands of a growing human population for more food with a high quality that c...
Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) and melon (Cucumis melo) are globally important cucurbit crops, with China being the largest producer and consumer. Traditional breeding methods face difficulties in significantly improving yield and quality. Smart bree...
Soybean is a vital crop supporting global food, feed, and biofuel production. Soybean yields have surged, with record yields reaching 14,678 kg/ha−1, though average farm yields remain stagnant at 2770–2790 kg ha−1. The persistent yi...
Soybean (Glycine max L.) is an essential crop for global food, feed, and industrial applications, but its production is increasingly challenged by climate change and environmental stresses. Traditional breeding and transgenic approaches have contribu...
Strawberry production has been continually increasing worldwide, but this growth has often resulted in a lack of taste, favoring yield and plant adaptability instead. However, in recent decades, consumer focus has shifted towards more flavorful fruit...
The question of the hybrid walnut (Juglans × intermedia Carr.) is still under debate in the Central European region. There is not simply just an underutilization, rather, even the existence of these hybrid forms is not broadly accepted. On the...
The document is an updated review, starting from the Special Issue “Molecular Breeding for Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crops” published in the Int. J. Mol. Sci. It reviews molecular breeding strategies to enhance abiotic stress tolerance...
In this paper, we describe the development of a set of guiding principles for the evaluation of breeding techniques by the organic sector over time. The worldwide standards of organic agriculture (OA) do not allow genetic engineering (GE) or any prod...
Understanding which traits make species vulnerable to climatic change and predicting future distributions permits conservation efforts to be focused on the most vulnerable species and the most appropriate sites. Here, we combine climate envelope mode...
Pre-harvest sprouting of wheat is the premature germination of ripened wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) kernels in the spike before harvest and is influenced by a combination of environmental and genetic factors, and their interaction. This greatly affec...
Cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) has a rich history of human use, and the therapeutic importance of compounds produced by this species is recognized by the medical community. The active constituents of cannabis, collectively called cannabinoids, encompa...
Cucurbit downy mildew, caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis, is a devastating disease in cucumbers that leads to significant yield losses in many cucurbit-growing regions worldwide. Developing resistant cucumber varieties is a sustainable approach to...
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is an economically important crop with high protein and oil contents. A range of biotic stresses constantly threaten soybean production and lead to decreases in yield and quality, but bacterial pustule caused by Xanth...
Climate change is affecting biodiversity by altering the geographical distribution range of species, and this effect is amplified in climate-sensitive areas. Studying the geographic distribution of flagship species in response to climate change is im...
Eggplant is an essential widespread year-round fruit vegetable. This study was conducted using 130 local germplasm of brinjal to select diverse parents based on the multiple traits selection index for the future breeding program. This selection was p...
In most crop breeding programs, the rate of yield increment is insufficient to cope with the increased food demand caused by a rapidly expanding global population. In plant breeding, the development of improved crop varieties is limited by the very l...
Rice, generally classified as a typical glycophyte, often faces abiotic stresses such as excessive drought, high salinity, prolonged submergence, cold, and temperature, which significantly affects growth, development, and ultimately, grain yield. Amo...
Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a major food and cash crop in Burkina Faso. Due to the growing demand for raw oilseeds, there is an increasing interest in groundnut production from traditional rain-fed areas to irrigated environments. However, des...
Yellow mosaic disease (YMD) affects several types of leguminous crops, including the Vigna species, which comprises a number of commercially important pulse crops. YMD is characterized by the formation of a bright yellow mosaic pattern on the leaves;...
This brief historical review focuses on durum wheat domestication and breeding in the Mediterranean region. Important milestones in durum wheat breeding programs across the countries of the Mediterranean basin before and after the Green Revolution ar...
Plant breeding has a long history of developing new varieties that have ensured the food security of the human population. During this long journey together with humanity, plant breeders have successfully integrated the latest innovations in science...
Genome editing is an important strategy to maintain global food security and achieve sustainable agricultural development. Among all genome editing tools, CRISPR-Cas is currently the most prevalent and offers the most promise. In this review, we summ...
The cowpea is one of the most important legume species globally, with both the grains and fresh pods widely consumed for the rich nutritional content. In the Republic of Korea, the cultivation and breeding progress of cowpeas is relatively low but gr...
Hybrid breeding exploits heterosis from genetically complementary parents to develop desirable products, including in Eucalyptus. The aim of this review is to present integrative techniques for hybrid breeding in Eucalyptus based on conventional meth...
According to the United Nations (UN), the world’s population is expected to grow by more than one billion people over the next 15 years [...]
Coffea arabica L. belongs to the Rubiaceae family, and the genus Coffea is believed to have a primary center of origin and genetic variability in the highlands of southwestern Ethiopia. It is a vital beverage commodity across the world and a valuable...
Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV) is a highly infectious potexvirus that poses a significant threat to tomato cultivation in greenhouses worldwide. The threat posed by this virus is attributed to by its genetic complexity, characterized by the presence of...
Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is a cornerstone forage species in temperate dairy systems worldwide, valued for its high yield potential, nutritive quality, and grazing recovery. However, current regional evaluation systems face challenges in...
Heavy metal pollution is one of the most devastating abiotic factors, significantly damaging crops and human health. One of the serious problems it causes is a rise in cadmium (Cd) toxicity. Cd is a highly toxic metal with a negative biological role,...
Plant diseases are responsible for substantial crop losses each year and affect food security and agricultural sustainability. The improvement of crop resistance to pathogens through breeding represents an environmentally sound method for managing di...
The aim of any breeding process is to fully express the targeted, superior/desirable parent characteristic in the progeny. Hybrids are often used in this dynamic, and complex process for which homozygous parents—which may require up to eight ge...
The nursery stages of mud crab, genus Scylla, proceed from the megalopa stage to crablet instar stages. We review the definition and several of the key stages in mud crab nursery activities. The practice of the direct stocking of megalopa into ponds...
Crapemyrtle bark scale (CMBS, Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae), an invasive polyphagous sap-sucking hemipteran, has spread across 14 states of the United States since 2004. The infestation of CMBS has negatively impacted the flowering of ornamental plan...
Wheat (Triticum aestivum ssp. aestivum) contributes to 20% of the human protein supply, delivers essential amino acids and is of fundamental importance for bread and pasta quality. Wheat proteins are also involved in adverse human reactions like celi...
The need to improve agricultural sustainability to secure yields, minimize environmental impacts and buffer environmental change is widely recognized. Investment in conventional agriculture has supported its present yield advantage. However, organic...
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is a neglected crop native to Africa, with an outstanding potential to contribute to the major challenges in food and nutrition security, as well as in agricultural sustainability. Two major issues regarding cowpea research...
Modern breeding technologies and the development of quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping have brought about a new era in peach breeding. This study examines the complex genetic structure that underlies the morphology of peach fruits, paying special...
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) link germplasm diversity to molecular markers for crop improvement. This review synthesizes nine barley GWAS articles and two articles on the development or validation of GWAS-derived Kompetitive Allele-Specific...
Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) aquaculture continues to significantly contribute to the growth of the aquaculture sector in Uganda. However, its production is beset by erratic and unreliable seed supply. Also, most hatcheries practice inbreedin...
Uromyces viciae-fabae Pers. de-Bary is an important fungal pathogen causing rust in peas (Pisum sativum L.). It is reported in mild to severe forms from different parts of the world where the pea is grown. Host specificity has been indicated in this...
Phytophthora root rot (PRR), which is caused by the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora sojae (P. sojae), is one of the most devastating diseases affecting global soybean production. The deployment of resistance (Rps) genes through molecular breeding is a...
of 65