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215 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,444 Views
15 Pages

Impact of Management Measures on Multiple Ecosystem Function Trade-Offs and Their Dynamics in Subtropic Pinus massoniana Plantations

  • Kexin Zhang,
  • Hongzhu Zou,
  • Xiangdong Lei,
  • Ji Zeng,
  • Jie Lan,
  • Xiaoxue Guo,
  • Dongli Gao,
  • Xianzhao Liu and
  • Huiru Zhang

15 July 2024

With the changing demands imposed on forests by human beings, optimizing forest management to fully utilize their multifunctionality has become a priority. Reasonable forest management measures can maintain stable forest ecosystems that fully coordin...

  • Review
  • Open Access
10 Citations
5,349 Views
22 Pages

Assessing Trade-Offs between Agricultural Productivity and Ecosystem Functions: A Review of Science-Based Tools?

  • Josias Sanou,
  • Anna Tengberg,
  • Hugues Roméo Bazié,
  • David Mingasson and
  • Madelene Ostwald

30 June 2023

Global population growth, especially in developing countries, will most likely require an increase in agricultural production, but the sustainability of this production cannot be achieved without the preservation of ecosystem functions. Therefore, fa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,269 Views
29 Pages

20 November 2024

Amid the rapid socio-economic development of urban fringe areas, promoting the multi-functional supply of ecosystems and sustainable development is essential. Taking Jiangning District in Nanjing as a case study, this study explores the relationships...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
1,151 Views
28 Pages

20 February 2025

Identifying ecological functional areas by clarifying the trade-off synergies of multiple ecosystem services to meet the practical needs of coordinating different ecosystem services in a specific region is highly important. Based on InVEST, RUSLE and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
4,179 Views
20 Pages

30 December 2019

Ecological management based on the ecosystem approach promotes ecological protection and the sustainable use of natural resources. We developed a quantitative approach to identify the ecological function zones at the country-scale, through integratin...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
2,547 Views
15 Pages

19 June 2023

Karst desertification control forests are essential for ecosystem multi functionality, but the trade-offs/synergies are unclear for forest ecosystem services. In order to clarify the trade-offs/synergies, this study was conducted on eight forest comm...

  • Article
  • Open Access
835 Views
26 Pages

Assessing the Trade-Offs and Synergies Among Ecosystem Services Under Multiple Land-Use Scenarios in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region

  • Xiaoru He,
  • Yang Li,
  • Wei Li,
  • Zhijun Shen,
  • Baoni Xie,
  • Shuhui Yu,
  • Shufei Wang,
  • Nan Wang,
  • Zhe Li and
  • Shuqin Zhao
  • + 2 authors

1 November 2025

To enhance ecosystem services (ESs) benefits and promote ecological–economic–sociologic sustainability in highly urbanized regions such as the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region, it is essential to assess the dynamic changes i...

  • Article
  • Open Access
23 Citations
5,507 Views
23 Pages

25 December 2017

Recognizing changes in ecosystem services (ES) and their relationships is the basis of achieving sustainable regional development. Regional collaborative development has become the core strategy of the development of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) r...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
3,107 Views
15 Pages

19 October 2021

Grassland is the most important land use/cover type in the Yellow River basin. Studying its ecosystem services and the trade-off and synergistic relationships between its various functions is of great significance to high-quality development and the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
1,883 Views
22 Pages

Incorporating Ecosystem Service Trade-Offs and Synergies with Ecological Sensitivity to Delineate Ecological Functional Zones: A Case Study in the Sichuan-Yunnan Ecological Buffer Area, China

  • Peipei Miao,
  • Cansong Li,
  • Baichuan Xia,
  • Xiaoqing Zhao,
  • Yingmei Wu,
  • Chao Zhang,
  • Junen Wu,
  • Feng Cheng,
  • Junwei Pu and
  • Yi Chai
  • + 2 authors

16 September 2024

Enhancing regional ecosystem stability and managing land resources effectively requires identifying ecological function zones and understanding the factors that influence them. However, most current studies have primarily focused on ecosystem service...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
10,617 Views
23 Pages

Toward a Social-Ecological Theory of Forest Macrosystems for Improved Ecosystem Management

  • William J. Kleindl,
  • Paul C. Stoy,
  • Michael W. Binford,
  • Ankur R. Desai,
  • Michael C. Dietze,
  • Courtney A. Schultz,
  • Gregory Starr,
  • Christina L. Staudhammer and
  • David J. A. Wood

11 April 2018

The implications of cumulative land-use decisions and shifting climate on forests, require us to integrate our understanding of ecosystems, markets, policy, and resource management into a social-ecological system. Humans play a central role in macros...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,103 Views
20 Pages

Delineating Ecological Functional Zones and Grades for Multi-Scale Ecosystem Management

  • Yan Zhang,
  • Shuhan Liu,
  • Peiheng Yu,
  • Yanchi Lu,
  • Yang Zhang,
  • Jinting Zhang and
  • Yiyun Chen

6 October 2024

Integrating ecosystem services (ESs) to delineate ecological functional zones (EFZs) is fundamental in terrestrial spatial planning and ecosystem management. However, existing studies have largely overlooked the refinement of EFZs at local scales, wh...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
7,412 Views
17 Pages

Assessing and Governing Ecosystem Services Trade-Offs in Agrarian Landscapes: The Case of Biogas

  • Christian Albert,
  • Johannes Hermes,
  • Felix Neuendorf,
  • Christina Von Haaren and
  • Michael Rode

22 January 2016

This paper develops a method to explore how alternative scenarios of the expansion of maize production for biogas generation affect biodiversity and ecosystem services (ES). Our approach consists of four steps: (i) defining scenario targets and imple...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
5,502 Views
17 Pages

11 April 2020

Over the past few decades urbanization and population growth have been the main trend all over the world, which brings the increase of economic benefits (EB) and the decrease of cropland. Cropland protection policies play an important role in the urb...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,715 Views
26 Pages

Mapping Tradeoffs and Synergies in Ecosystem Services as a Function of Forest Management

  • Hazhir Karimi,
  • Christina L. Staudhammer,
  • Matthew D. Therrell,
  • William J. Kleindl,
  • Leah M. Mungai,
  • Amobichukwu C. Amanambu and
  • C. Nathan Jones

4 August 2025

The spatial variation of forest ecosystem services at regional scales remains poorly understood, and few studies have explicitly analyzed how ecosystem services are distributed across different forest management types. This study assessed the spatial...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
3,688 Views
18 Pages

Analysis of Ecosystem Service Trade-Offs and Synergies in Ulansuhai Basin

  • Lina Wang,
  • Enyi Yu,
  • Shuang Li,
  • Xiao Fu and
  • Gang Wu

1 September 2021

As an important grain production base and ecological barrier zone in China, Ulansuhai Basin provides a variety of important ecosystem services and ensures human well-being, and it is essential to maintain the sustainable development of the regional e...

  • Article
  • Open Access
235 Views
19 Pages

29 December 2025

Reclamation measures are essential tools for enhancing ecosystem functions and promoting ecological sustainability. This study focused on the Jiangnan mining area within the Muli coalfield in Qinghai Province, China. Four organic fertilizer reclamati...

  • Article
  • Open Access
40 Citations
5,864 Views
22 Pages

8 July 2021

Understanding ecosystem services(ESs)and their interactions will help to formulate effective and sustainable land use management plans, and clarifying the balance and synergy between watershed ecosystem services can provide a basis for the regulation...

  • Article
  • Open Access
586 Views
19 Pages

27 November 2025

Understanding the complex and evolving interactions between ecosystem services and socio-economic development is crucial for addressing ecological challenges and achieving harmony between humans and nature. However, multi-objective nexus optimization...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
2,606 Views
25 Pages

Spatio-Temporal Changes, Trade-Offs and Synergies of Major Ecosystem Services in the Three-River Headwaters Region from 2000 to 2019

  • Guobo Liu,
  • Quanqin Shao,
  • Jiangwen Fan,
  • Jia Ning,
  • Haibo Huang,
  • Shuchao Liu,
  • Xiongyi Zhang,
  • Linan Niu and
  • Jiyuan Liu

25 October 2022

The Three-River Headwaters Region (TRHR) is an important part of the ecological barrier of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. Understanding the TRHR’s major ecosystem service trade-offs and synergies is important for scientifically integrating an...

  • Article
  • Open Access
47 Citations
9,044 Views
23 Pages

A Decision Support System for Assessing Trade-Offs between Ecosystem Management Goals: An Application in Portugal

  • Jordi Garcia-Gonzalo,
  • Vladimir Bushenkov,
  • Marc E. McDill and
  • José G. Borges

30 December 2014

Cork oak (Quercus suber L.) and holm oak (Quercus rotundifolia) ecosystems are characteristic of Mediterranean forestry in Portugal. Even though cork is the most valuable product, these ecosystems provide multiple products and services. Assessing tr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,730 Views
19 Pages

11 October 2024

Ecosystem services (ES) are the foundation for the survival and development of human society. It is of great significance to clarify the trade-off and synergy between different types of ES in promoting regional sustainable development. This paper sel...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,369 Views
22 Pages

4 November 2024

Human activities continuously alter the delivery of ecosystem services (ESs), which play a crucial role in human well-being. There is a pressing need for effective ecological management strategies that consider the spatial heterogeneity of ESs to sup...

  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
4,304 Views
21 Pages

15 September 2022

Cities and urban areas are an important part of global sustainable development, and the health and well-being of urban residents are closely related to the quality, quantity, and diversity of urban ecosystem services. Although the rapid urbanization...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
4,420 Views
18 Pages

Spatial-Temporal Variations and Trade-Offs of Ecosystem Services in Anhui Province, China

  • Qiangqiang Yang,
  • Pian Zhang,
  • Xiaocong Qiu,
  • Guanglai Xu and
  • Jianyu Chi

Research on the spatiotemporal evolution and trade-offs of ecosystem services (ESs) is important for optimizing the ecological security barrier system and promoting coordinated socio-economic development. Natural factors, e.g., climate change, and hu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
3,866 Views
25 Pages

7 March 2022

The rapid urbanization process has severely affected the ecological security and ecosystem services (ESs) in China’s southern province of Fujian, and threated the sustainable development of the local economy and society in the last two decades....

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
2,881 Views
24 Pages

The changes and interrelationships of ecosystem services at different global and regional scales have been actively investigated. Clarifying the trade-offs and synergies between ecosystem services from a multi-scale scientific perspective is vital to...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,266 Views
31 Pages

Ecological Zoning in Mountainous Areas Based on Ecosystem Service Trade-Offs and Landscape Ecological Risk: A Case Study of the Hengduan Mountain Region

  • Xiaoyu Zhao,
  • Erfu Dai,
  • Kangning Kong,
  • Yuan Tian,
  • Yong Yang,
  • Zhuo Li,
  • Jiachen Liu,
  • Baolei Zhang and
  • Le Yin

24 August 2025

Ecological zoning is a key approach to promoting regional ecological protection and sustainable development. At present, landscape ecological risk (LER), driven by both natural and anthropogenic factors, continues to intensify, thereby disrupting eco...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
2,897 Views
19 Pages

Spatial Trade-Offs and Synergies between Ecosystem Services in Guangdong Province, China

  • Qian Xu,
  • Ying Yang,
  • Ren Yang,
  • Li-Si Zha,
  • Zi-Qing Lin and
  • Shu-Hao Shang

26 December 2023

The trade-offs between ecosystem services directly affect the quality of the ecological environment and the survival and development of human society, which is of great concern to academia, governments, and non-governmental organizations. Guangdong P...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
988 Views
19 Pages

19 August 2025

Clarifying the trade-offs and synergies between land use and ecosystem services in major water source river basins is enhancing regional land resource distribution and safeguarding water-related ecological environments. The Danjiangkou Reservoir Basi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
1,507 Views
16 Pages

27 November 2024

An appropriate vegetation restoration pattern is crucial for maintaining and enhancing ecosystem functions and services in karst rocky desertification control areas. However, it is still unclear whether different vegetation restoration patterns will...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,242 Views
14 Pages

9 August 2023

The arid ecosystem of the endorheic basin is a complex, integrated ecosystem with diverse functions and significant regional differences. However, measuring the trade-off relationships and external driving mechanisms of the ecosystem services in arid...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
3,581 Views
15 Pages

28 January 2023

Ecosystems provide multiple valuable services that play an essential role in preventing meteorological risks, combating sandy land expansion, and ensuring sustainable development in the West Liao River Basin. The trade-off among ecosystem services (E...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,471 Views
15 Pages

14 October 2024

In managing ecosystem services (ESs), it is vital to understand and effectively regulate the trade-offs and synergies (ToSs) involved. This study investigates the Tianshan Mountains (TSMs), utilizing the InVEST (Integrated Valuation of ESs and Tradeo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,079 Views
20 Pages

30 March 2025

Ecosystem services play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance, providing essential functions. This study examines the trade-offs and synergies among five key ecosystem services in ecological forests across different regions of Hunan Provin...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,385 Views
27 Pages

Study on Ecosystem Service Trade-Offs and Synergies in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area Based on Ecosystem Service Bundles

  • Hui Li,
  • Qing Xu,
  • Huiyi Qiu,
  • Jiaheng Du,
  • Zhenzhou Xu,
  • Longying Liu,
  • Zixiu Zhao,
  • Zixin Zhu and
  • Yun He

3 December 2024

In-depth research on the spatial and temporal evolution of ecosystem service trade-offs and synergistic relationships, scientific identification of ecosystem service bundles, and the main factors affecting the spatial differentiation of ecosystem ser...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,248 Views
23 Pages

15 March 2023

A scientific understanding of the synergistic and trade-off relationships among ecosystem services (ESs) is essential for maintaining the structure, function, and health of plantation forest ecosystems. This understanding facilitates effective ecosys...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,322 Views
22 Pages

16 June 2025

The multifunctionality of green infrastructure (GI) can be enhanced through intentional planning that promotes synergies among various functions while minimizing trade-offs. Despite its significance, methodologies for implementing this approach remai...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
3,415 Views
19 Pages

20 October 2022

The optimization of the ecological network structure in Nanping can provide a scientific reference for guaranteeing ecological safety in Southeast China. This study estimated ecosystem services in Nanping with the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Se...

  • Review
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,550 Views
14 Pages

3 August 2023

Ecological compensation, which is widely applied, is presumed to be an important mechanism to address environmental degradation that commonly occurs due to activities related to development projects and resource use. The objectives of this review are...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,713 Views
19 Pages

30 June 2024

Exploring the spatial and temporal dynamic changes in ecosystem service functions and trade-off/synergistic relationships over a long time series in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region is of great practical significance for regional high-qua...

  • Article
  • Open Access
23 Citations
3,645 Views
36 Pages

Trade-Off and Synergy Relationships and Spatial Bundle Analysis of Ecosystem Services in the Qilian Mountains

  • Yipeng Wang,
  • Hongyi Cheng,
  • Naiang Wang,
  • Chufang Huang,
  • Kaili Zhang,
  • Bin Qiao,
  • Yuanyuan Wang and
  • Penghui Wen

5 June 2023

Significant heterogeneity has been observed among different ecosystem services (ES). Understanding the trade-offs and synergies among ES and delineating ecological functional zones is crucial for formulating regional management policies that improve...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,206 Views
19 Pages

30 November 2023

Properly managing the relationship between food security, ecological protection, and urbanization, and coordinating the trade-offs among these three factors for land demand are extremely important for environmental management and sustainable developm...

  • Article
  • Open Access
47 Citations
5,860 Views
19 Pages

16 April 2021

Land-use/cover is one of the major factors that affect the ecosystem and the services it provides. The impact of land-use change on ecosystem service value is a hotspot in developing countries, especially China—a region with rapid economic developmen...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,515 Views
26 Pages

Trade-Offs, Synergies, and Driving Factors of Ecosystem Services in the Urban–Rural Fringe of Beijing at Multiple Scales

  • Chang Wang,
  • Siyuan Wang,
  • Bing Qi,
  • Chuling Jiang,
  • Weiyang Sun,
  • Yilun Cao and
  • Yunyuan Li

7 May 2025

Urban–rural fringe areas are critical transition zones where ecological functions and human activities interact intensely, often leading to complex spatial patterns and trade-offs among ecosystem services (ESs). Understanding these patterns and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,304 Views
20 Pages

27 December 2024

To explore the dynamic evolution of ecosystem services in the last 22 years, and to measure the trade-off and synergy between ecosystem services, it is of great significance to realize the ecological protection and sustainable development of the Nort...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
1,510 Views
24 Pages

9 June 2025

As essential components of arid region ecosystems, terminal lakes play a critical role in enhancing the functions of ecosystem services (ESs) and improving ecological structure. Despite the increasing degradation of ESs and landscape stability due to...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,052 Views
11 Pages

12 October 2021

Rating the potential land use for crop production and/or ranching is typically a process where production gains counterbalance environmental losses. Whereas the production gains are often easy to verify, the environmental losses may render visibility...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
4,079 Views
21 Pages

25 April 2023

The expansion of urban areas has resulted in a substantial increase in demand for water ecosystem services. To address this issue, this study aims to investigate how the interaction between urbanization and water ecosystem services changed in respons...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,000 Views
20 Pages

6 June 2025

As ecologically sensitive interfaces shaped by the interplay of land and sea, coastal zones demand close attention. Uncovering the spatiotemporal evolution of ecosystem service value (ESV) and the intricate interrelations among ecosystem service (ES)...

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