A novel beam steering angle expander is demonstrated by cascading two polymeric liquid crystal polarization lenses with different diopters. The lens module performs as a planar telescope, which has features such as a light weight, low cost, and high...
Wind profile light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is an important tool for observing features within the atmospheric boundary layer. Observations of the wind field and boundary layer height from coherent Doppler wind LiDARs (CDWLs) under sandy and dus...
Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensors have accrued an ever-increasing presence in the agricultural sector due to their non-destructive mode of capturing data. LiDAR sensors emit pulsed light waves that return to the sensor upon bouncing off sur...
Precision agriculture has revolutionized crop management and agricultural production, with LiDAR technology attracting significant interest among various technological advancements. This extensive review examines the various applications of LiDAR in...
Applications of LiDAR remote sensing are exploding, while moving from the research to the operational realm. Increasingly, natural resource managers are recognizing the tremendous utility of LiDAR-derived information to make improved decisions. This...
A high-resolution UAV-borne LiDAR system with a Velodyne VLP16-Lite at its core was developed for surveying applications. The LiDAR unit was combined with a high-end IMU-GNSS solution for direct georeferencing (APX-15) and a single-board computer for...
The Smart Cities data and applications need to replicate, as faithfully as possible, the state of the city and to simulate possible alternative futures. In order to do this, the modelling of the city should cover all aspects of the city that are rele...
Autonomous robots operate on batteries, rendering power efficiency essential. The substantial computational demands of object detection present a significant burden to the low-power cores employed in these robots. Therefore, we propose a grid-based d...
Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technology is positioning itself as one of the most effective non-destructive methods to collect accurate information on ground crop fields, as the analysis of the three-dimensional models that can be generated wit...
Over the past two decades, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technology has evolved from early National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)-led airborne laser altimetry into commercially mature systems that now underpin vegetation remote se...
We report a new nematic mixture for liquid-crystal-on-silicon spatial light modulator (SLM) and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) applications. The mixture exhibits a relatively high birefringence (Δn), moderate dielectric anisotropy (Δɛ), low visc...
Flood occurrence is increasing due to escalated urbanization and extreme climate change; hence, various studies on this issue and methods of flood monitoring and mapping are also increasing to reduce the severe impacts of flood disasters. The advance...
Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) systems become more prevalent in remote sensing for modeling buildings, engineering structures, or their deformations and displacements. Processing data from such systems, usually point clouds, can be performed usi...
LiDAR sensors are a key technology for enabling safe autonomous cars. For highway applications, such systems must have a long range, and the covered field of view (FoV) of >45° must be scanned with resolutions higher than 0.1°. These speci...
In the last two decades, unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) were successfully used in different environments for diverse applications like territorial mapping, heritage 3D documentation, as built surveys, construction monitoring, solar panel placement a...
Ground filtering is necessary in processing airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) point clouds for forestry applications. This study proposes a progressive plane detection filtering (PPDF) method. First, the method uses multi-scale planes to c...
Direct time-of-flight (DTOF) is a prominent depth sensing method in light detection and ranging (LiDAR) applications. Single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) arrays integrated in DTOF sensors have demonstrated excellent ranging and 3D imaging capabiliti...
LiDAR sensors are needed for use in vehicular applications, particularly due to their good behavior in low-light environments, as they represent a possible solution for the safety systems of vehicles that have a long braking distance, such as trams....
Doppler wind LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) makes use of the principle of optical Doppler shift between the reference and backscattered radiations to measure radial velocities at distances up to several kilometers above the ground. Such instrume...
This paper solves the challenge of precise dual-frequency laser control in Airborne Coherent Doppler LiDAR systems by implementing an innovative laser driver architecture, which integrates compact hardware design with cascade Proportional-Integral-De...
LiDAR sensors have great potential for enabling crop recognition (e.g., plant height, canopy area, plant spacing, and intra-row spacing measurements) and the recognition of agricultural working environments (e.g., field boundaries, ridges, and obstac...
Near-infrared (NIR) photodetectors are essential for LiDAR, optical communication, and sensing technologies requiring fast response and low power consumption. This work reports a PN photodiode incorporating a co-sputtered MoS2–Al2O3 composite l...
The earliest and simplest impedance compensation technique used in inductive wireless power transfer (WPT) design is the series-series (SS) compensation circuit, which uses capacitors in series with both primary and secondary coils of an air-gapped t...
Investigating Industry 4.0 technologies and studying their impacts on various aspects of the construction industry, including stakeholders and the lifecycle, is vital to enhance novel applications of such technologies in an industry that is known as...
Mobile mapping systems using LiDAR technology are becoming a reliable surveying technique to generate accurate point clouds. Mobile mapping systems integrate several advanced surveying technologies. This research investigated the development of a low...
At the present time, many publicly available point cloud datasets exist, which are mainly focused on autonomous driving. The objective of this study is to develop a new large-scale mobile 3D LiDAR point cloud dataset for outdoor scene semantic segmen...
The accurate assessment of wound size is a critical step in advanced wound care management. This study aims to introduce and validate a Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technique for measuring wound size. Twenty-eight wounds treated from December...
This paper presents an all-digital and configurable resolution time-to-digital converter (TDC) with low process–voltage–temperature (PVT) sensitivity for light detection and ranging (LiDAR) applications. The proposed TDC offers configurab...
This article presents a developed motion control system for a robotic platform based on laser-ranging methods, a graph traversal algorithm and the search for the optimal path. The algorithm was implemented in an agricultural building and in the field...
MEMS-based LiDAR (micro-electro–mechanical system based light detection and ranging), with a low cost and small volume, becomes a promising solution for the two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) optical imaging. A semi-coaxial MEMS LiDAR de...
Three-dimensional point cloud registration is a fundamental task for localization and mapping in autonomous navigation applications. Over the years, registration algorithms have evolved; nevertheless, several challenges still remain. Recently, non-re...
A worldwide increase in the number of vehicles on the road has led to an increase in the frequency of serious traffic accidents, causing loss of life and property. Autonomous vehicles could be part of the solution, but their safe operation is depende...
This paper explores the application of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) technology in the investigation of the medieval Norman site of Castel Fenuculus, in the lower Calore Valley, Southern Italy. This research aims to assess the actual potential of the...
Nowadays, the flurry of autonomous vehicles is in full swing regarding light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and depth perception. For such visual perception, light plays an important role. We human beings recognize and distinguish surrounding details...
Mapping the environment of a vehicle and localizing a vehicle within that unknown environment are complex issues. Although many approaches based on various types of sensory inputs and computational concepts have been successfully utilized for ground...
This work focuses on the improvement of the density peaks clustering (DPC) algorithm and its application to point cloud segmentation in LiDAR. The improvement of DPC focuses on avoiding the manual determination of the cut-off distance and the manual...
The successful analysis of LiDAR data for archaeological research requires an evaluation of effects of different vegetation types and the use of adequate visualization techniques for the identification of archaeological features. The Ceibal-Petexbatu...
The application of LiDAR technology in extracting individual trees and stand parameters plays a crucial role in forest surveys. Accurate identification of individual tree trunks is a critical foundation for subsequent parameter extraction. For LiDAR-...
Forest inventory plays an important role in the management and planning of forests. In this study, we present a method for automatic detection and estimation of trees, especially in forest environments using 3D terrestrial LiDAR data. The proposed me...
Solar maps are becoming a popular resource and are available via the web to help plan investments for the benefits of renewable energy. These maps are especially useful when the results have high accuracy. LiDAR technology currently offers high-resol...
Accurate forest biomass estimation at the individual tree scale is the foundation of timber industry and forest management. It plays an important role in explaining ecological issues and small-scale processes. Remotely sensed images, across a range o...
Drone surveys are gaining popularity for many construction applications, including in the fields of civil engineering, such as road construction, earthwork, structure monitoring, and coastal topography analysis. Drone surveying has a high potential f...
In this paper, we demonstrate the design and fabrication of a high-power, high-speed flip-chip vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) for light detection and ranging (LiDAR) systems. The optoelectronic characteristics and modulation speeds of...
In this paper, a back-illuminated (BSI) time-of-flight (TOF) sensor using 0.2 µm silicon-on-insulator (SOI) complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology is developed for long-range laser imaging detection and ranging (LiDAR) applic...
The safety of vehicles is one of the major goals of driving automation. The safety distance is longer for rail vehicles such as trams because of the adherence limitations of the wheel-to-rail system. The major issues of fixed frontal sensing are fake...
In this paper, the development and performance evaluation of a 4WD robot system designed to follow near-distance moving objects using a 2D LiDAR sensor are presented. The study incorporates identifier (ID) classification and a distance-based dynamic...
In order to investigate the aerosol variability over the southwest region of Slovenia, an ultraviolet scanning elastic backscatter LiDAR was utilized to make the vertical scan for atmospheric probing. With the assumption of horizontal atmospheric hom...
Femtosecond laser-induced fluorescence (FLIF) and femtosecond laser-induced optical breakdown spectroscopy (FIBS) are important tools for remote diagnostics of atmospheric aerosols using LiDAR (Light Identification Detection and Ranging) technology....
In mobile robotics, LASER scanners have a wide spectrum of indoor and outdoor applications, both in structured and unstructured environments, due to their accuracy and precision. Most works that use this sensor have their own data representation and...
A micro scanning mirror is an optical device used to scan laser beams which can be used for Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) in applications like unmanned driving or Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The MEMS scanning mirror’s light-weight and low-po...
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