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14 October 2025
Mathematics | Top 10 Highly Viewed Papers Published in 2023–2024 in the “Financial Mathematics” Section

We are pleased to announce the top 10 highly viewed papers in 2023 and 2024 from the “Financial Mathematics” Section of Mathematics (ISSN: 2227-7390), carefully selected for their exceptional quality and relevance. We invite you to read these papers, which represent cutting-edge research in financial mathematics.

1. “A Combined Model Based on Recurrent Neural Networks and Graph Convolutional Networks for Financial Time Series Forecasting”
by Ana Lazcano, Pedro Javier Herrera and Manuel Monge
Mathematics 2023, 11(1), 224; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11010224
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/1/224 

2. “Overview and Perspectives of Chaos Theory and Its Applications in Economics”
by Andrés Fernández-Díaz
Mathematics 2024, 12(1), 92; https://doi.org/10.3390/math12010092 
Full text available online:  https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/12/1/92 

3. “A Stochastic Control Approach for Constrained Stochastic Differential Games with Jumps and Regimes”
by Emel Savku
Mathematics 2023, 11(14), 3043; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11143043
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/14/3043

4. “Resampling Techniques Study on Class Imbalance Problem in Credit Risk Prediction”
by Zixue Zhao, Tianxiang Cui, Shusheng Ding, Jiawei Li and Anthony Graham Bellotti
Mathematics 2024, 12(5), 701; https://doi.org/10.3390/math12050701
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/12/5/701

5. “A Mathematical Model of Financial Bubbles: A Behavioral Approach”
by Andrei Afilipoaei and Gustavo Carrero
Mathematics 2023, 11(19), 4102; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11194102
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/19/4102

6. “A Generalization of the Grey Lotka–Volterra Model and Application to GDP, Export, Import and Investment for the European Union”
by Mihaela Sterpu, Carmen Rocșoreanu, Georgeta Soava and Anca Mehedintu
Mathematics 2023, 11(15), 3351; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11153351
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/15/3351

7. “Optimal Circular Economy and Process Maintenance Strategies for an Imperfect Production–Inventory Model with Scrap Returns”
by Rung-Hung Su, Ming-Wei Weng, Chih-Te Yang and Chia-Hsuan Hsu
Mathematics 2023, 11(14), 3041; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11143041
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/14/3041

8. “Advances in Financial Leasing Mechanism Designs”
by Lucianna Cananà, Luigi De Cesare and Massimiliano Ferrara
Mathematics 2023, 11(1), 87; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11010087
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/1/87

9. “A Fuzzy Random Survival Forest for Predicting Lapses in Insurance Portfolios Containing Imprecise Data”
by Jorge Luis Andrade and José Luis Valencia
Mathematics 2023, 11(1), 198; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11010198
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/1/198

10. “Passive Aggressive Ensemble for Online Portfolio Selection”
by Kailin Xie, Jianfei Yin, Hengyong Yu, Hong Fu and Ying Chu
Mathematics 2024, 12(7), 956; https://doi.org/10.3390/math12070956
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/12/7/956

 

2 October 2025
MDPI INSIGHTS: The CEO's Letter #27 - OASPA 2025, COUNTER 5.1, UK Summit in London, MDPI at the Italian Senate

Welcome to the MDPI Insights: The CEO's Letter.

In these monthly letters, I will showcase two key aspects of our work at MDPI: our commitment to empowering researchers and our determination to facilitating open scientific exchange.


Opening Thoughts

MDPI at OASPA 2025: Embracing the Complexity of Open Access

From 22 to 24 September, I joined the OASPA 2025 Annual Conference in Leuven, Belgium, where the theme, “Embracing the Complexity – How do we get to 100% Open Access?” tackled the hard questions about the future of scholarly communication.

With MDPI a longstanding member of the Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association (OASPA) and Platinum sponsor of the conference, I was invited to present and participate in important discussions on how we can continue to move the needle in Open Access (OA) publishing.

From 50% to 100% Open Access

Last year’s OASPA conference celebrated a major milestone – reaching 50% of global research outputs published as OA. But, as noted during the conference, this was the “easy” part. The challenge ahead is much tougher: how do we take OA from 50% to 100%? For many academics and institutions, OA is still relatively new, and thus it is essential for us to continue educating people as to what OA is, how it works, and why it matters.


Stefan Tochev (CEO, MDPI) presenting at OASPA’s 2025 Annual Conference in Leuven, Belgium.

MDPI’s perspective

At MDPI, we are fully committed to this. As a 100% OA publisher, our growth is inseparable from the success of OA itself. In many ways, MDPI is a byproduct of the global adoption of OA, and we play an important role in helping to advance it further.

I had the opportunity to share MDPI’s perspective in the panel discussion entitled: "Hello from the other side: views from fully Open Access journals using APCs," alongside industry colleagues from PLOS, eLife, AOSIS, and Frontiers.

Instead of giving a standard presentation, I highlighted aspects of MDPI that the audience might not be aware of. I also presented on the opportunities and challenges facing publishers that are already fully OA, the importance of diverse models in achieving 100% OA, and why OA is the baseline while Open Science is the future.

 Recognizing Gold OA

As part of the panel, I had undertaken to make some bold and provocative statements. I therefore emphasized a point that is sometimes overlooked: we didn’t reach 50% OA without Gold OA – it accounts for more than half of all OA publications today. And we certainly won’t reach 100% OA without it.

“By educating the community and working together, we can continue to take Open Science to the next level”


“When people speak about Gold OA and MDPI, they should ‘put some respek on our name.”

MDPI is a leader in Gold OA and has been a driver of this progress at scale.

While Gold OA and MDPI are sometimes slighted, both deserve recognition for their contributions to advancing Open Science globally.

I closed my presentation with a reminder that the good we do is sometimes overlooked, and that when people speak about Gold OA and MDPI, they should "put some respek on our name."

I’m pleased to have seen attendees sharing positive experiences with MDPI, reminding us that we bring real value to the OA movement and deserve a stronger reputation. We also engaged in constructive conversations about various topics, including cost transparency.

A few themes that I took away from the conference:

  • Quality and integrity matter as much as access. OA publishers must not lose sight of research integrity, inclusivity, and sustainability while pursuing 100% OA.
  • Global collaboration is essential. Policies, funding models, and infrastructure differ around the world, and we will need cross-border collaboration to make OA a truly global reality.
  • Open Science is the bigger story. OA is just the first step – the future lies in open data, open peer review, research reproducibility, etc.

“MDPI’s scale allows us to better support authors, reinvest in communities, and push Open Science forward”

How we communicate MDPI’s role

For us at MDPI, this is also a reminder of how we communicate externally. When we tell our story, we shouldn’t forget to start with the bigger picture – Open Science and Open Access. Then we connect it to MDPI, our journals, services, and initiatives, exemplifying the fact that we are part of a mission larger than ourselves.


MDPI colleagues Clàudia Aunós (Society Partnerships), Marta Colomer (External Affairs), Stefan Tochev (CEO), and Nikola Paunovic (Scilit), at OASPA’s 2025 Annual Conference in Leuven, Belgium.

The journey to 100% OA will not be simple. But by educating the community and working together, we can continue to take Open Science to the next level.

Impactful Research

MDPI becomes COUNTER 5.1 compliant across 480+ Journals

I’m pleased to share that MDPI has officially become COUNTER 5.1 compliant and has joined the COUNTER Registry.

For those who might not be familiar with it, COUNTER provides international standards for tracking and reporting how research is being used. By becoming COUNTER 5.1 compliant, MDPI can now deliver credible, comparable, and transparent usage reports across our entire journal portfolio.

“MDPI is showing that they want to be measured against the same yardstick as other publishers”

Why is this important?

Because usage statistics aren’t just numbers: they’re powerful tools that help our authors, institutions, and consortia understand the real impact of their research. With COUNTER compliant reports, our institutional partners can now make more informed decisions about publishing agreements, funding allocations, and the long-term value of Open Access.

In practical terms, MDPI will now provide Platform, Title, and Item Reports, with standardized usage views available at the institute and consortium level. These reports cover usage from January 2024 onwards and will be updated monthly. Institutions will be able to access them via SuSy, or automatically through the COUNTER API.

I’d like to highlight and thank Becky Castellon, our Institutional Partnerships Manager, who has played a key role in driving this project forward. Becky captured it perfectly when she said: "Through these usage reports, our global research community can access trustworthy data about how their work is being used and accessed

This information is often vital for reviewing publishing partnership agreements and for making informed decisions about future funding allocations."

We also received encouraging feedback from Tasha Mellins-Cohen, Executive Director at COUNTER Metrics:

"We’re delighted to see born-OA publishers engaging with COUNTER. Our normalised usage metrics are relied on as the basis for credible return-on-investment calculations by libraries worldwide. By adopting the COUNTER standard, MDPI is showing that they want to be measured against the same yardstick as other publishers."

For MDPI, this milestone is another step in our commitment to transparency, trust, and impact. By adopting COUNTER’s standards, we’re not just aligning with best practice; we’re ensuring that Open Access publishing is measured on the same terms as traditional publishing, proving its value in concrete and globally recognized ways.

This is an important milestone for MDPI, but more importantly for the researchers, librarians, and institutions we serve. Transparency builds trust, and COUNTER compliance helps us show the global reach and influence of Open Access publishing in the clearest way possible.


Inside Research


Lin Li (Publisher, MDPI), Stefan Tochev (CEO, MDPI, Prof. Chengkuo Lee (Editor-in-Chief, AI Sensors), and Constanze Schelhorn (Head of Indexing) at restaurant in Basel, Switzerland.

Welcoming Prof. Lee (EiC of AI Sensors) to Basel

On 11 September, we welcomed Prof. Dr. Chengkuo Lee, Editor-in-Chief of our new journal AI Sensors, to our Basel office. Prof. Lee is a high profiled researcher (h-index 104, 37,000+ citations), a longtime collaborator with MDPI (25 published articles), and has already chaired several AI Sensors (AIS)-related conferences with us, including the recent event in Kuala Lumpur, where AI Sensors held its first editorial board meeting.


Stefan Tochev (CEO, MDPI) showing Special Issue reprint books as part of a tour of MDPI’s Basel office.

Every journal has a story

During his visit, we exchanged ideas on how to build the journal’s identity and impact. A key takeaway that I shared was that every journal has a story: its vision, its purpose, and the community it brings together.

That story is what connects with readers and authors, beyond metrics alone.

I encouraged everyone working on journals to reflect: What is the story of your journal? And how can you bring that story to the forefront in how you communicate about it?

How MDPI supports new journals


Constanze Schelhorn (Head of Indexing, MDPI) presenting on the MDPI indexing process at the company’s headquarters in Basel.

We also shared with Prof. Lee how MDPI supports journals through our Institutional Open Access Program, indexing expertise, and the work of our Journal Relationship Specialists.

Launching a new journal is ambitious, but with our strong track record (93% Scopus and 87% Web of Science acceptance rates in 2024), Prof. Lee felt confident that AI Sensors will find its place in the scholarly landscape.

Having spent some hours together, it’s clear that Prof. Lee is not only an Editor-in-Chief but also an ambassador for MDPI. His leadership and collaboration reflect the mission MDPI by which MDPI lives: accelerating Open Access and advancing Open Science.

Special thanks to Constanze Schelhorn (Head of Indexing), Ting Leng (JRS, Managing Editor, AI Sensors), Lin Li (Publisher, AI Sensors), Aimar Xiong (Publisher), and Christian Eberhard (Office Administrator, Basel), for organizing and hosting the meeting.

Coming Together for Science

Highlights from the MDPI UK Summit in London

I was pleased to be back in the UK in September, supporting our Manchester team in hosting their first MDPI Summit in London. This day-and-a-half private event brought together 25 Chief Editors and Associate Editors to exchange knowledge, learn about latest developments at MDPI, and engage in discussions on advancing Open Science. The program included MDPI and guest presentations, and Q&A sessions.

Why these summits matter

Our Summits provide a platform to:

  • Share updates on the latest developments at MDPI, our editorial processes, research integrity practices, and indexing.
  • Highlight collaborations with institutions and societies in the region.
  • Offer external perspectives from guest speakers.
  • Create space for Chief Editors to share their insights, ask questions, network, and help shape MDPI’s path forward.

These gatherings are more than updates: they improve our relationships with Chief Editors, who serve not only as leaders of their journals but also as ambassadors for MDPI within the research community. We often hear that this type of event is unique, something many other publishers do not provide. It shows that we care and are willing to go the extra mile to recognize and engage our key collaborators.

MDPI and the UK: Key facts

  • With over 80,000 publications, the UK is MDPI’s eighth-largest contributor.
  • MDPI is the fourth-largest publisher in the UK, accounting for 11% of the country’s 89,526 Open Access publications in 2024.
  • We collaborate with more than 4,000 active UK Editorial Board Members, 48% of whom have an H-index above 26. This includes 49 Editors-in-Chief and 74 Section Editors-in-Chief.
  • MDPI maintains over 1,000 IOAP agreements worldwide, with 63 from the UK.

“We are willing to go the extra mile to recognize and engage our key collaborators”

Agenda highlights:

  • MDPI Overview, Open Access, and UK Collaboration – Stefan Tochev (CEO, MDPI)
  • MDPI Editorial Process – Dr. Michael O’Sullivan (Scientific Quality Advisor Lead, MDPI)
  • Research Integrity and Publication Ethics – Daisy Fenton (Research Integrity Specialist, MDPI)
  • Institutional Partnerships – Becky Castellon (Institutional Partnerships Manager, MDPI)
  • Promoting and Developing Your Journal – Prof. Fabio Tosti (Editor-in-Chief of NDT)
  • Indexing to Impact – Dr. Michael O’Sullivan (Scientific Quality Advisor Lead, MDPI)
  • Engaging our Academic Community – Jaime Anderson Anderson (UK Operations Manager, MDPI)
  • Closing Remarks – Stefan Tochev (CEO, MDPI)


MDPI colleagues Stefan Tochev (CEO), Jaime Anderson Anderson (UK Operations Manager), Dr. Michael O’Sullivan (Scientific Quality Advisor Lead), Becky Castellon (Institutional Partnerships Manager), Daisy Fenton (Research Integrity Specialist) at the MDPI UK 2025 Summit in London.

Thank you!

A special thank-you to the Manchester team and all colleagues behind the scenes who made this Summit a success. Your efforts are greatly appreciated. We look forward to building on this momentum with future Summits in Europe and beyond.


Closing Thoughts


Dr. Giulia Stefenelli (Scientific Communications Lead, MDPI) and Stefan Tochev (CEO, MDPI) participating in a press conference at the Italiane Senate in Rome to promote the 2nd International Conference on Environmental Medicine (ICEM)

MDPI at the Italian Senate: Promoting Environmental Medicine and Open Science

On 16 September, Dr. Giulia Stefenelli (Scientific Communications Lead) and I had the honour of participating in a press conference at the Italian Senate in Rome, organized by the Italian Society of Environmental Medicine (SIMA) to promote the upcoming 2nd International Conference on Environmental Medicine (ICEM) (20–21 November 2025).

This is an important event for MDPI, as we are the exclusive publishing partner for ICEM and have recently launched a new journal with SIMA, further building our presence both in Italy and within this important field of research.

Why this matters

  • The promotion of ICEM has received extensive national media coverage (more than 15 mentions in major Italian outlets; see links below).
  • The press conference brought together leading policymakers, academics, and Nobel Laureates to emphasize the impact of environmental exposures and epigenetics on human health.
  • We were introduced to government ministries, university rectors, and influential stakeholders, which helps us bolster MDPI’s visibility and reputation in Italy.

Highlights

Nobel Laureate Sir Richard Roberts joined the discussion, underlining the importance of environmental medicine in shaping future health outcomes. Nobel Laureate Prof. Dr. Tong Zhu (Peking University) will also speak at the November conference.

Institutional representatives included the Italian Minister of the Environment and Energy Security, the Italian Undersecretary for Health, and senior officials from the World Health Organization.

In my closing remarks, I highlighted that:

“Over the past five years, about 65% of research published in Italy has been Open Access, compared to an average of 55% worldwide.”

Italian research ranked seventh among the top 20 countries in average citations during this period, reflecting its strong international influence. Not only is Italy producing a high volume of research; it is also producing research of outstanding quality.

MDPI’s role

This event was not only about promoting ICEM but also about showcasing MDPI’s commitment to Open Access and our ability to connect scientific publishing with leading academic, medical, and policy institutions.

As Giulia Stefenelli noted:

“This event was highly relevant for MDPI, as it not only showcased our strong commitment to OA but also emphasized our role in advancing important fields such as Environmental Medicine.”

Learn more

This moment at the Italian Senate shows how MDPI can connect publishing with science, policy, and society to help advance both Open Science and environmental health research on a global stage.

In Rome with Sir Richard Roberts (photo left) and Prof. Giuseppe Novelli (EiC of MDPI journal COVID).

Stefan Tochev
Chief Executive Officer
MDPI AG

1 October 2025
Interview with Dr. Tomasz Krzywicki—Mathematics Exceptional Reviewer


Name:
Dr. Tomasz Krzywicki
Affiliation: Chair of Mathematical Methods of Computer Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, Poland
Research Interests: artificial intelligence in medicine; computer vision; image processing; machine learning; parallel processing; reinforcement learning

The following is a short interview with Dr. Tomasz Krzywicki:

1. Could you give a brief introduction of yourself to the readers? Could you introduce your current research direction and provide an update on your progress?
Both my research profile and education are related to computer science. In 2020, I graduated from the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland, with a degree in computer science. Since then, I have been working there continuously, first as a research assistant and later as an assistant professor. I have been conducting scientific research since my student days, focusing on the development and application of image processing and recognition methods. From the very beginning of my academic career, I have been collaborating with an interdisciplinary group consisting of computer scientists and ophthalmologists. We are developing novel methods to support the clinical diagnosis of ophthalmic diseases, while also examining existing methods and intelligent systems. The results of this research include the development of new methods for the ensemble localization of key anatomical structures in color retinal fundus photographs. My research also focuses on purely computer science aspects, where I devote a significant portion of my attention to modelling uncertain data. This is a crucial aspect in the current era of big data, where the costs of labelling data are often significantly higher than the costs of obtaining it. In addition to my academic work, I have been actively involved in the commercial IT industry for 10 years as a senior software developer and machine learning research engineer. I have collaborated on several projects with leading global pharmaceutical corporations. Currently, I am involved in the aviation sector in this field.

2. Can you please share with us your sentiments upon winning the award?
Peer review is a process in which researchers from the global community share their time, knowledge, and experience to express their opinions on new scientific research results. It is an activity that contributes to the quality, reliability, and credibility of global science. Peer review itself is not, and should not be, self-serving; therefore, receiving the news of my nomination for this prestigious award came as a massive surprise to me. It is very nice to be recognized in this way, especially since I never expected any tangible benefits from it. The scientific literature is similar in nature to the concept of open source in software, and ensuring its quality should be a shared interest of the entire academic community.

3. Could you share some insights into your approach to reviewing manuscripts? How do you balance thoroughness with efficiency?
Due to the short deadline for submitting reviews, the efficiency of the process itself must be high. First of all, I do not wait until the last minute and try to familiarize myself with the general outline of the article immediately after accepting the invitation to review. The topics of some papers are not as closely related to my areas of research interest, so I also reserve a day or two to explore the current state of knowledge on the topic itself. In many cases, however, due to significant thematic discrepancies, I have been forced to decline such invitations. In most cases, thoroughly reading the article and noting down all my comments and observations is a process that takes several hours to complete. However, in the case of some papers, especially those on complex topics, this time could be extended to several days. The most important conclusion from my experience is to give yourself time to calmly and thoroughly familiarize yourself with the research description. Rushing not only makes it difficult to focus on a topic that often involves deep abstractions, but can also cause you to overlook even obvious but significant methodological or lexical errors. The aforementioned short deadline for submitting a review may necessitate a compromise between thoroughness and efficiency; however, the scales should still tip in favor of thoroughness due to its contribution to ensuring quality.

4. What are the key factors and aspects that you consider most when reviewing a manuscript?
Each field of science has its own framework, both in terms of research topics and the way they are communicated to the global community. One of the pioneers in describing scientific experiments was Galileo, who divided them into three parts: formulation of the problem/research hypothesis, description of the experiment and observations, and conclusions with generalizations. As I come from technical sciences, this scheme is very familiar to me. Of course, it has evolved significantly over the years, along with the development of scientific disciplines. However, certain constants should be included in such an article, namely a specific research problem or hypothesis, methodology, description of results, discussion and conclusions resulting from the entire experiment. In experimental computer science, it is imperative that readers can easily reproduce the experiment, so in addition to a detailed description of the methodology, tools used, quality indicators, precise results, and conclusions from the authors, it is also essential to include implementations of the tools used to obtain these results, or the data used in the development and testing of the presented methods. Unfortunately, I have often encountered serious methodological errors in articles, where the authors' assumptions were entirely at odds with generally accepted standards. I have also come across papers where the authors refused to test the proposed methods on publicly available data. Such practices significantly undermine the credibility and quality of the research described, so these are key aspects to which I pay the most attention. When analyzing scientific papers, I also try to catch any incorrectly used phrases, missing and unclear passages, descriptions of mathematical equations and illustrations, and all other incomplete phrases that may mislead the reader. Scientific articles are a special type of publication that should be prepared with particular care.

5. Based on your experience, which research topics do you think will be of particular interest to the research community in the coming years?

Computer science has repeatedly been recognized as the fastest-growing scientific discipline in recent years. This trend is particularly evident in the field of heuristics, especially in the context of neural networks and deep learning. These methods have revolutionized not only the popularity of the research topic itself, but also its applications in other scientific disciplines and in everyday life. The trend of peak popularity of topics related to artificial intelligence achieved through neural networks is unlikely to change in the near future. While neural networks themselves are no longer experiencing the same dynamic growth as they did a few years ago, their ability to be adapted to solve almost any problem will keep them at the forefront for a long time to come. It is impossible not to mention that the fascination with artificial intelligence dictates the popularity of neural networks and deep learning. In the slightly more distant future, the podium of the most popular areas of research will be occupied by methods that are the successors of the aforementioned neural networks.

30 September 2025
Nobel Prize — The Science Behind the Prize


Nobel Prizes are the world’s most prestigious recognition of scientific breakthroughs, honoring discoveries that push the boundaries of knowledge and reshape entire fields. They bring into the public eye researchers whose work might otherwise remain known only within specialized circles.

For many, winning a Nobel Prize is a surreal experience. Laureates often describe a mix of joy, humility, reflection, and gratitude for the teams and collaborators whose contributions made the achievement possible. Behind every Nobel-winning idea lies years of careful, incremental work—a process that often goes unseen.

When Prof. Steven Weinberg won the Nobel Prize in Physics in October 1979, his wife Louise, a legal scholar, reminded him to keep doing the ordinary hard work of science, joking: “Now you have to write some unimportant papers.” True to form, Weinberg continued to push the boundaries of our understanding of the Universe, showing that curiosity and dedication extend far beyond the moment of recognition (Hofmann 2025: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/6/840).

Discover the science behind the world’s most transformative ideas

Over the years, dozens of Nobel laureates have published their work with MDPI, entrusting our open access journals to disseminate their findings to a global audience. As of 2024, more than 40 laureates have contributed over 115 articles across 35 journals, ranging from pioneering research on microRNAs and mRNA therapeutics, to fundamental insights in theoretical physics, and advances in structural biology.

We regularly spotlight how Nobel Prize–winning research intersects with the contributions of our authors. This not only celebrates the achievements of the laureates, but also underscores the role of open access in ensuring that transformative science reaches the widest possible audience.

On this page, we invite you to explore selected works by Nobel laureates within the MDPI portfolio, and to join us in celebrating the global impact of their ideas.


The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2025 has been awarded to Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi for for their discoveries concerning peripheral immune tolerance. MDPI sincerely invites you to explore research in a related field.

 

 

The Science Behind the Prize: 2025 Nobel Physiology or Medicine Roundtable
6 October 2025, 03:30 pm (CEST)
You are welcome to watch the recording here!



The Nobel Prize in Physics 2025 has been awarded to John Clarke, Michel H. Devoret and John M. Martinis for the discovery of macroscopic quantum mechanical tunnelling and energy quantisation in an electric circuit. MDPI sincerely invites you to explore research in a related field.

 

 

The Science Behind the Prize: 2025 Nobel Physics Roundtable
7 October 2025, 02:30 pm (CEST)
You are welcome to watch the recording here!




The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2025 has been awarded to Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson and Omar M. Yaghi for the development of metal-organic frameworks. MDPI sincerely invites you to explore research in a related field.

 

 

29 September 2025
Mathematics Webinar | Benford’s Law in the Age of AI: New Frontiers in Data Authenticity and Model Transparency, 29 September 2025


As artificial intelligence (AI) systems increasingly shape critical decisions in finance, auditing, cybersecurity, and governance, the demand for interpretable, transparent, and data-authentic models continues to grow. In this context, Benford’s Law—a mathematical law that predicts the frequency distribution of leading digits in naturally occurring datasets—emerges as a valuable tool for anomaly detection, model validation, and forensic analysis.

This webinar explores the evolving role of Benford’s Law in the age of AI, emphasizing how it can be integrated into machine learning workflows as a statistical feature for identifying irregularities and improving model accountability. By embedding digit-based conformity tests into AI pipelines, analysts and developers can enhance the explainability of models and proactively detect data manipulation, bias, or fraud in large-scale systems.

One of the focuses of the session will be the statistical analysis of how Pareto and Weibull distributions, frequently used in economics, risk modeling, and reliability engineering, align with Benford’s expected digit frequencies. We will discuss both the theoretical underpinnings and present empirical evidence to evaluate the extent to which these distributions comply with Benford’s Law and what that means for AI systems trained on such data.

Participants will gain insights into cutting-edge applications, including hybrid AI models that combine traditional statistical methods with deep learning, as well as the use of Benford-based metrics in improving robustness, reducing false positives, and enhancing the interpretability of black-box models.

Whether you are a researcher, auditor, data scientist, or AI practitioner, this webinar will offer a multidisciplinary perspective on how mathematical laws, statistical rigor, and artificial intelligence can work together to build more trustworthy and resilient systems.

Date: 29 September 2025
Time: 12:00 p.m. CEST | 06:00 a.m. EDT
Webinar ID: 865 9326 5734
Website: https://sciforum.net/event/Mathematics-20?subscribe

Register now for free!

Speaker/Presentation

Time in EDT

Time in CEST

Vesna Rajić
Chair Introduction

06:00–11:10

12:00–12:10

Dragan Azdejković
Benford’s Law in Electoral
Forensics: Applications,
Challenges, and Constraints

06:10–06:40

12:10–12:40

Jelena Stanojević & Tatjana Rakonjac-Antić
Statistical Analysis of Fitting Pareto and Weibull Distributions with Benford’s Law: Theoretical Approach and Empirical Evidence

06:40–07:20

12:40–13:20

Dragana Radojičić
Integrating Machine Learning and Benford’s Law: A Conceptual Perspective on Anomaly Detection

07:20–07:40

13:20–13:40

Q&A Session

07:40–08:00

13:40–14:00

Vesna Rajić
Closing of Webinar

08:00–08:00

14:00–14:00

After registering, you will receive a confirmation email outlining how to join this webinar. Registrations with academic institutional email addresses will be prioritized.

Unable to attend? Register anyway, and we will let you know when the recording is available to watch.

Webinar Chairs and Keynote Speakers:

  • Prof. Dr. Vesna Rajić, Department for Statistics and Mathematics, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia;
  • Dr. Dragan Azdejković, Department of Statistics and Mathematics, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Economics and Business, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
  • Dr. Jelena Stanojević, Department of Statistics and Mathematics, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Economics and Business, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
  • Prof. Dr. Tatjana Rakonjac-Antić, Department of Economic Policy and Development, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Economics and Business, Belgrade, Serbia;
  • Dr. Dragana Radojičić, Department of Statistics and Mathematics, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Economics and Business, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.

Relevant Special Issue:

Statistics and Nonlinear Analysis: Simulation and Computation
Guest Editor: Prof. Dr. Vesna Rajić
Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2025

24 September 2025
Mathematics | Top 10 Highly Viewed Papers Published in 2023–2024 in the “Mathematics and Computer Science” Section


We are pleased to announce the top 10 highly viewed papers in 2023 and 2024 from the “Mathematics and Computer Science” Section of Mathematics (ISSN: 2227-7390), carefully selected for their exceptional quality and relevance. We invite you to read these papers, which represent cutting-edge research combining mathematical reasoning and computing.

1. “A Mathematical Investigation of Hallucination and Creativity in GPT Models”
by Minhyeok Lee
Mathematics 2023, 11(10), 2320; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11102320
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/10/2320

2. “It’s All in the Embedding! Fake News Detection Using Document Embeddings”
by Ciprian-Octavian Truică and Elena-Simona Apostol
Mathematics 2023, 11(3), 508; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11030508
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/3/508

3. “Review of Quaternion-Based Color Image Processing Methods”
by Chaoyan Huang, Juncheng Li and Guangwei Gao
Mathematics 2023, 11(9), 2056; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11092056
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/9/2056

4. “A Mathematical Interpretation of Autoregressive Generative Pre-Trained Transformer and Self-Supervised Learning”
by Minhyeok Lee
Mathematics 2023, 11(11), 2451; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11112451
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/11/2451

5. “Review of GrabCut in Image Processing”
by Zhaobin Wang, Yongke Lv, Runliang Wu and Yaonan Zhang
Mathematics 2023, 11(8), 1965; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11081965
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/8/1965

6. “Performance Analysis of Long Short-Term Memory Predictive Neural Networks on Time Series Data”
by Roland Bolboacă and Piroska Haller
Mathematics 2023, 11(6), 1432; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11061432
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/6/1432

7. “On the Quality of Synthetic Generated Tabular Data”
by Erica Espinosa and Alvaro Figueira
Mathematics 2023, 11(15), 3278; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11153278
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/15/3278

8. “C-KAN: A New Approach for Integrating Convolutional Layers with Kolmogorov–Arnold Networks for Time-Series Forecasting”
by Ioannis E. Livieris
Mathematics 2024, 12(19), 3022; https://doi.org/10.3390/math12193022
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/12/19/3022

9. “Quantum Computing in Telecommunication—A Survey”
by Frank Phillipson
Mathematics 2023, 11(15), 3423; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11153423
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/15/3423

10. “A Depth-Progressive Initialization Strategy for Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm”
by Xinwei Lee, Ningyi Xie, Dongsheng Cai, Yoshiyuki Saito and Nobuyoshi Asai
Mathematics 2023, 11(9), 2176; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11092176
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/9/2176

24 September 2025
Meet Us at the 1st International Conference on Modern Mathematical Physics, 30 October–3 November 2026, Hangzhou, China


We would like to invite you to attend the 1st International Conference on Modern Mathematical Physics, organized by MDPI’s Modern Mathematical Physics (ISSN: 3024-5034), Symmetry (ISSN: 2073-8994, IF: 2.2) and Mathematics (ISSN: 2227-7390, IF: 2.2 ). This event will take place from 30 October to 3 November 2026 in Hangzhou, China.

Honorary Chair:

  • Prof. Dr. Changpu Sun, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Beijing, China.

Executive Chairs:

  • Prof. Dr. Haiqing Lin, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China;
  • Prof. Dr. Xiwen Guan, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China;
  • Prof. Dr. Murray Batchelor, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.

The topics of interest:

S1. Quantum Field Theory, String & Brane Theory, and Gravitation;
S2. Condensed Matter Physics and Statistical Physics;
S3. Quantum Information and Quantum metrology;
S4. Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics;
S5. Nonlinear Dynamics and Computational Physics.

Important dates:

Deadline for abstract submission: 10 July 2026;
Notification of acceptance: 10 August 2026;
Deadline for Early Bird Registration: 25 August 2026;
Deadline for Covering Author Registration: 31 August 2026.

Guide for Authors:

To submit your abstract, please click on the following link:  https://sciforum.net/user/submission/create/1507.

To register for this event, please visit the following website: https://sciforum.net/event/ICMMP2026?section=#registration.

For details regarding abstract submission, poster submission, and publication opportunities, please refer to the “Instructions for Authors” Section: https://sciforum.net/event/ICMMP2026?section=#instructions.

For any enquiries regarding this event, please contact icmmp2026@mdpi.com.

We look forward to seeing you at the 1st International Conference on Modern Mathematical Physics.

24 September 2025
Meet Us at the 2025 INFORMS Annual Meeting, 26–29 October 2025, Atlanta, GA, USA


MDPI will be attending the 2025 INFORMS Annual Meeting, which will be held from 26 to 29 October 2025 in Atlanta, GA, USA. 

The Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS) is the premier global association for professionals in operations research, analytics, and management science. With a vibrant community of 12,000+ members across more than 50 countries, INFORMS advances the science and practice of decision-making through world-class research, industry-leading journals, and influential conferences. Since its founding in 1995, INFORMS has been a catalyst for innovation, connecting experts across sectors to tackle real-world challenges with analytical insight.

The following open access journals will be represented at this conference:

Subjects:

  • Social Sciences & Psychology;
  • Business & Economics.

If you are planning to attend this event, please feel free to visit our booth (#418) and speak to our representatives. We look forward to meeting you in person and will assist you with any queries that you may have. 

For more information about this conference, please visit the official website via https://meetings.informs.org/wordpress/annual/.

22 September 2025
Mathematics | Top 10 Highly Viewed Papers in 2023–2024 from the “Operations Research and Fuzzy Decision Making” Section


We are pleased to announce the top 10 highly viewed papers in 2023 and 2024 from the “Operations Research and Fuzzy Decision Making” Section of Mathematics (ISSN: 2227-7390), carefully selected for their exceptional quality and relevance. These papers, which we welcome you to read, represent cutting-edge research in the theory and application of operations research and decision making.

1. “When Fairness Meets Consistency in AHP Pairwise Comparisons”
by Zorica Dodevska, Sandro Radovanović, Andrija Petrović and Boris Delibašić
Mathematics 2023, 11(3), 604; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11030604
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/3/604

2. “Assessing Strategies to Overcome Barriers for Drone Usage in Last-Mile Logistics: A Novel Hybrid Fuzzy MCDM Model”
by Snežana Tadić, Mladen Krstić and Ljubica Radovanović
Mathematics 2024, 12(3), 367; https://doi.org/10.3390/math12030367
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/12/3/367

3. “Review of Stochastic Dynamic Vehicle Routing in the Evolving Urban Logistics Environment”
by Nikola Mardešić, Tomislav Erdelić, Tonči Carić and Marko Đurasević
Mathematics 2024, 12(1), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/math12010028
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/12/1/28

4. “Comparative Sensitivity Analysis of Some Fuzzy AHP Methods”
by Irina Vinogradova-Zinkevič
Mathematics 2023, 11(24), 4984; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11244984
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/24/4984

5. “An Enhanced Simulation-Based Multi-Objective Optimization Approach with Knowledge Discovery for Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems”
by Carlos Alberto Barrera-Diaz, Amir Nourmohammadi, Henrik Smedberg, Tehseen Aslam and Amos H. C. Ng
Mathematics 2023, 11(6), 1527; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11061527
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/6/1527

6. “Decision Making in Fuzzy Rough Set Theory”
by Fernando Chacón-Gómez, M. Eugenia Cornejo and Jesús Medina
Mathematics 2023, 11(19), 4187; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11194187
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/19/4187

7. “Bilevel Optimal Sizing and Operation Method of Fuel Cell/Battery Hybrid All-Electric Shipboard Microgrid”
by Hao Jin and Xinhang Yang
Mathematics 2023, 11(12), 2728; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11122728
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/12/2728

8. “Integrating Fuzzy MCDM Methods and ARDL Approach for Circular Economy Strategy Analysis in Romania”
by Camelia Delcea, Ionuț Nica, Irina Georgescu, Nora Chiriță and Cristian Ciurea
Mathematics 2024, 12(19), 2997; https://doi.org/10.3390/math12192997
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/12/19/2997

9. “Stochastic Configuration Based Fuzzy Inference System with Interpretable Fuzzy Rules and Intelligence Search Process”
by Wei Zhou, Hongxing Li and Menghong Bao
Mathematics 2023, 11(3), 614; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11030614
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/3/614

10. “A Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Evaluation System for Share Price Prediction: A Tesla Case Study”
by Simona Hašková, Petr Šuleř and Róbert Kuchár
Mathematics 2023, 11(13), 3033; https://doi.org/10.3390/math11133033
Full text available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/13/3033

19 September 2025
MDPI Webinar | Quantum Mechanics and Open Access 2025, 25 September 2025


Welcome to our webinar series on Quantum Mechanics and Open Access, organized in recognition of the International Year of Quantum Science and Technology (IYQ 2025).

This year marks a historic milestone—the centenary of the birth of quantum mechanics, a field that has transformed our understanding of the universe and continues to drive innovation across physics, chemistry, computing, and beyond. It is both a moment of reflection on a century of extraordinary breakthroughs and an opportunity to envision the next hundred years of discovery.

Our theme, “Quantum Mechanics and Open Access”, highlights not only the profound scientific achievements of the past but also the vital role that open knowledge plays in shaping the future of research. Open access ensures that discoveries are shared, collaborations are strengthened, and progress in quantum science remains a truly global endeavor.

We are delighted to bring together a distinguished group of speakers, researchers, and practitioners who will share their insights on how open access is transforming the way we communicate, collaborate, and innovate in quantum science.

Thank you for joining us on this exciting journey of science, openness, and collaboration. We look forward to engaging discussions and to collectively imagining the quantum future together.

Date: 25 September at 9:00 a.m. CEST | 3:00 p.m. CST Asia
Webinar ID: 862 8077 3592

 

Register now for free

 

Speaker

Presentation Title

Time in CEST

Time in CST (Asia)

 

MDPI Introduction

 9:00–09:10  a.m.

 3:00–3:10  p.m.

Dr. Ivan Arraut

“Some Fundamental Aspects of Quantum Mechanics, Paradoxes and Potential Solutions”

9:10–9:30  a.m.

 3:10–3:30  p.m.

Dr. Florin Felix Nichita

“The Quantum Yang–Baxter Equation, Quantum Mechanics, and the Open Access”

9:30–9:50  a.m.

 3:30–3:50  p.m.

Dr. Joao Pacheco Bicudo Cabral de Mello

“Relativistic Quantum Mechanics on the Light-Front”

09:50–10:10  a.m.

 3:50–4:10  p.m.

 

Q&A Session

10:10–10:25  a.m.

 4:10–4:25  p.m.

 

Closing of Webinar

10:25–10:30  a.m.

 4:25–4:30  p.m.

After registering, you will receive a confirmation email containing information on how to join the webinar. Registrations with academic and institutional email addresses will be prioritized.

Unable to attend? Register anyway, and we will let you know when the recording is available to watch.

Webinar Keynote Speakers:

  • Ivan Arraut, Institute for Data Engineering and Sciences, University of Saint Joseph, Macau;
  • Florin Felix Nichita, Simion Stoilow Institute of Mathematics of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania;
  • Dr. Joao Pacheco Bicudo Cabral de Mello, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil.

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