Advances in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Its Role in Radiation Therapy

Topic Information

Dear Colleagues,

This is the second edition of a previous edition on “Advances of MRI in Radiation Oncology”. Radiation oncology treatment planning requires CT data for dose calculation; however, CT lacks soft-tissue visualization and characterization. MR images are best suited for soft tissues, especially liver, pancreas, kidney, prostate, and brain tissues. MR images have been augmented using image fusion, but their accuracy can be questionable. Additionally, MR images do not provide the electron density information needed for dose calculation. Moving structures pose additional challenges in radiation oncology. The active trend in radiation oncology is to use MR images with the help of synthetic CT for image-guided radiation therapy. Integrated MR imaging and linear accelerator system (MRL), which provides the optimum treatment for soft tissue and moving structures, is a new frontier in radiation oncology. The focus of this Special Issue is to review current MR imaging options, as well as imaging-assisted therapies and adaptive therapies, in radiation oncology. This issue will cover MR imaging parameters/sequences in low and high magnetic fields, MR-linacs, synthetic CT, dose calculation, and motion management as well as every aspect of MR use in radiation oncology.

Prof. Dr. Indra J. Das
Dr. Minsong Cao
Topic Editors

Keywords

Participating Journals

Journal Name	Impact Factor	CiteScore	Launched Year	First Decision (median)	APC
Biomedicines biomedicines	3.9	5.2	2013	14.6 Days	CHF 2600	Submit
Cancers cancers	4.5	8.0	2009	17.4 Days	CHF 2900	Submit
Current Oncology curroncol	2.8	3.3	1994	19.8 Days	CHF 2200	Submit
Diagnostics diagnostics	3.0	4.7	2011	20.3 Days	CHF 2600	Submit
Journal of Clinical Medicine jcm	3.0	5.7	2012	16 Days	CHF 2600	Submit

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All Biomedicines Cancers Current Oncology Diagnostics JCM

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Open AccessSystematic Review

Diagnostic Accuracy of MRI for Orbital and Intracranial Invasion of Sinonasal Malignancies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

by Umida Abdullaeva, Bernd Pape and Jussi Hirvonen

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(24), 7556; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13247556 - 12 Dec 2024

Viewed by 743

Abstract

Background/Objectives: In this study, we review the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detecting orbital and intracranial invasion of sinonasal malignancies (SNMs) using histopathological and surgical evidence as the reference standard. Methods: A systematic search of studies in English [...] Read more.

Background/Objectives: In this study, we review the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detecting orbital and intracranial invasion of sinonasal malignancies (SNMs) using histopathological and surgical evidence as the reference standard. Methods: A systematic search of studies in English was conducted in MEDLINE and Embase, limited to articles published since 1990. We included studies using preoperative MRI to detect the intracranial and orbital invasion of SNMs, with histological or surgical confirmation as the reference standard, and reported patient numbers in each class as required to assess diagnostic accuracy. The outcome measures were sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). Heterogeneity was assessed with the Higgins inconsistency test (I²). Results: Seven original articles with 546 subjects were included in the review, with six included in the meta-analysis. The pooled overall accuracy for orbital invasion was higher at 0.88 (95% CI, 0.75–0.94) than that for intracranial invasion at 0.80 (95% CI, 0.76–0.83). The meta-analytic estimates and their 95% confidence intervals were as follows for intracranial/orbital invasion: sensitivity 0.77 (0.69–0.83)/0.71 (0.40–0.90); specificity 0.79 (0.74–0.83)/0.91 (0.78–0.97); PPV 0.76 (0.64–0.85)/0.78 (0.61–0.88); and NPV 0.82 (0.72–0.89)/0.90 (0.63–0.98). Substantial heterogeneity was observed in the Higgins inconsistency test (I²) for orbital invasion (84%, 83%, and 93% for sensitivity, specificity, and NPV, respectively). Conclusions: MRI yielded moderate-to-high diagnostic accuracy for intracranial and orbital invasion, despite some limitations leading to false diagnoses. Loss of the hypointense zone on postcontrast MRI was found to predict dural invasion. Infiltration of the extraconal fat beyond the periorbita was found to be an MRI feature of orbital invasion. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Advances in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Its Role in Radiation Therapy)

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