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  • Review
  • Open Access
36 Citations
83,902 Views
20 Pages

19 August 2023

When attempting to quantify future harms caused by carbon emissions and to set appropriate energy policies, it has been argued that the most important metric is the number of human deaths caused by climate change. Several studies have attempted to ov...

  • Review
  • Open Access
101 Citations
45,201 Views
36 Pages

7 July 2023

The most practical way of storing hydrogen gas for fuel cell vehicles is to use a composite overwrapped pressure vessel. Depending on the driving distance range and power requirement of the vehicles, there can be various operational pressure and volu...

  • Review
  • Open Access
131 Citations
38,594 Views
39 Pages

A Review of Pumped Hydro Storage Systems

  • Papadakis C. Nikolaos,
  • Fafalakis Marios and
  • Katsaprakakis Dimitris

4 June 2023

With the increasing global demand for sustainable energy sources and the intermittent nature of renewable energy generation, effective energy storage systems have become essential for grid stability and reliability. This paper presents a comprehensiv...

  • Review
  • Open Access
141 Citations
36,457 Views
26 Pages

Hydrogen Safety Challenges: A Comprehensive Review on Production, Storage, Transport, Utilization, and CFD-Based Consequence and Risk Assessment

  • Marcella Calabrese,
  • Maria Portarapillo,
  • Alessandra Di Nardo,
  • Virginia Venezia,
  • Maria Turco,
  • Giuseppina Luciani and
  • Almerinda Di Benedetto

12 March 2024

This review examines the central role of hydrogen, particularly green hydrogen from renewable sources, in the global search for energy solutions that are sustainable and safe by design. Using the hydrogen square, safety measures across the hydrogen v...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
90 Citations
35,230 Views
38 Pages

Review of Thermal Management Technology for Electric Vehicles

  • Dan Dan,
  • Yihang Zhao,
  • Mingshan Wei and
  • Xuehui Wang

14 June 2023

The burgeoning electric vehicle industry has become a crucial player in tackling environmental pollution and addressing oil scarcity. As these vehicles continue to advance, effective thermal management systems are essential to ensure battery safety,...

  • Review
  • Open Access
118 Citations
34,102 Views
39 Pages

Internet of Things: A Comprehensive Overview on Protocols, Architectures, Technologies, Simulation Tools, and Future Directions

  • Mohammad Mansour,
  • Amal Gamal,
  • Ahmed I. Ahmed,
  • Lobna A. Said,
  • Abdelmoniem Elbaz,
  • Norbert Herencsar and
  • Ahmed Soltan

14 April 2023

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a global network of interconnected computing, sensing, and networking devices that can exchange data and information via various network protocols. It can connect numerous smart devices thanks to recent advances in wir...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
32,146 Views
13 Pages

Piezoelectric Sensors Pressed by Human Footsteps for Energy Harvesting

  • Kyrillos K. Selim,
  • Idris H. Smaili,
  • Hossam M. Yehia,
  • M. M. R. Ahmed and
  • Demyana A. Saleeb

10 May 2024

Human footsteps are a sustainable energy source that is derived from kinetic energy. As a result, in this study, piezoelectric sensors placed beneath floor tiles were excited by human footsteps to provide practical electrical energy. A simple rectify...

  • Review
  • Open Access
24 Citations
31,868 Views
54 Pages

Reinforcement Learning Model-Based and Model-Free Paradigms for Optimal Control Problems in Power Systems: Comprehensive Review and Future Directions

  • Elinor Ginzburg-Ganz,
  • Itay Segev,
  • Alexander Balabanov,
  • Elior Segev,
  • Sivan Kaully Naveh,
  • Ram Machlev,
  • Juri Belikov,
  • Liran Katzir,
  • Sarah Keren and
  • Yoash Levron

25 October 2024

This paper reviews recent works related to applications of reinforcement learning in power system optimal control problems. Based on an extensive analysis of works in the recent literature, we attempt to better understand the gap between reinforcemen...

  • Review
  • Open Access
53 Citations
31,691 Views
43 Pages

Lithium Battery Degradation and Failure Mechanisms: A State-of-the-Art Review

  • Joselyn Stephane Menye,
  • Mamadou-Baïlo Camara and
  • Brayima Dakyo

14 January 2025

This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the lithium battery degradation mechanisms and failure modes. It discusses these issues in a general context and then focuses on various families or material types used in the batteries, particularly in...

  • Review
  • Open Access
43 Citations
29,237 Views
17 Pages

Indian Scenario of Biomass Availability and Its Bioenergy-Conversion Potential

  • Harshita Negi,
  • Deep Chandra Suyal,
  • Ravindra Soni,
  • Krishna Giri and
  • Reeta Goel

4 August 2023

The current energy scenario and policies demand the transition of the fuel economy from conventional fossil fuels to renewable fuels, carbon-neutral fuels, and/or decarbonized fuels. The impact of biomass-derived fuels is well-known as their radiocar...

  • Review
  • Open Access
48 Citations
28,692 Views
30 Pages

10 October 2023

In 2023, the UAE adapted its National Energy Strategy to accommodate several new goals, including doubling renewable energy (RE) capacity to 14 GW by 2030. This development further highlights the significance of transitioning towards RE sources. This...

  • Review
  • Open Access
87 Citations
28,228 Views
16 Pages

Future of Electric and Hydrogen Cars and Trucks: An Overview

  • Aiman Albatayneh,
  • Adel Juaidi,
  • Mustafa Jaradat and
  • Francisco Manzano-Agugliaro

3 April 2023

The negative consequences of toxic emissions from internal combustion engines, energy security, climate change, and energy costs have led to a growing demand for clean power sources in the automotive industry. The development of eco-friendly vehicle...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
27,473 Views
16 Pages

25 October 2024

Range extender hybrid vehicles have the advantages of better dynamics and longer driving range while reducing pollution and fuel consumption. This work focuses on the control strategy of an Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) operating in power generation mod...

  • Review
  • Open Access
6 Citations
27,272 Views
33 Pages

Review of Low Voltage Ride-Through Capabilities in Wind Energy Conversion System

  • Welcome Khulekani Ntuli,
  • Musasa Kabeya and
  • Katleho Moloi

25 October 2024

The significance of low voltage ride-through (LVRT) capability in wind energy conversion systems (WECSs) is paramount for ensuring grid stability and reliability during voltage dips. This systematic review delves into the advancements, challenges, an...

  • Article
  • Open Access
27,043 Views
16 Pages

25 October 2024

Vapor compression heat pump technology is a widely utilized method for energy conversion. Lubricating oil plays a crucial role in the heat pump system cycle by effectively reducing wear on the compressor’s moving parts and preventing refrigeran...

  • Review
  • Open Access
155 Citations
26,934 Views
30 Pages

Harnessing Solar Power: A Review of Photovoltaic Innovations, Solar Thermal Systems, and the Dawn of Energy Storage Solutions

  • M. M. Hasan,
  • Shakhawat Hossain,
  • M. Mofijur,
  • Zobaidul Kabir,
  • Irfan Anjum Badruddin,
  • T. M. Yunus Khan and
  • Esam Jassim

6 September 2023

The goal of this review is to offer an all-encompassing evaluation of an integrated solar energy system within the framework of solar energy utilization. This holistic assessment encompasses photovoltaic technologies, solar thermal systems, and energ...

  • Review
  • Open Access
89 Citations
26,381 Views
50 Pages

Thermoelectric Materials and Applications: A Review

  • Matteo d’Angelo,
  • Carmen Galassi and
  • Nora Lecis

4 September 2023

Solid-state energy conversion has been established as one of the most promising solutions to address the issues related to conventional energy generation. Thermoelectric materials allow direct energy conversion without moving parts and being deprived...

  • Review
  • Open Access
77 Citations
26,274 Views
31 Pages

12 October 2024

Pyrolysis is an environmentally friendly and efficient method for converting biomass into a wide range of products, including fuels, chemicals, fertilizers, catalysts, and sorption materials. This review confirms that scientific research on biomass p...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
25 Citations
25,495 Views
33 Pages

21 September 2024

This review examines the potential of municipal solid waste (MSW) as a renewable energy source, focusing on recent advances in thermochemical conversion technologies and their environmental impacts. The exponential growth of urban populations has led...

  • Review
  • Open Access
62 Citations
25,482 Views
43 Pages

E-Fuels: A Comprehensive Review of the Most Promising Technological Alternatives towards an Energy Transition

  • Sonia Dell’Aversano,
  • Carlo Villante,
  • Katia Gallucci,
  • Giuseppina Vanga and
  • Andrea Di Giuliano

12 August 2024

E-fuels represent a crucial technology for transitioning to fossil-free energy systems, driven by the need to eliminate dependence on fossil fuels, which are major environmental pollutants. This study investigates the production of carbon-neutral syn...

  • Review
  • Open Access
92 Citations
25,336 Views
31 Pages

In-Wheel Motor Drive Systems for Electric Vehicles: State of the Art, Challenges, and Future Trends

  • Kritika Deepak,
  • Mohamed Amine Frikha,
  • Yassine Benômar,
  • Mohamed El Baghdadi and
  • Omar Hegazy

29 March 2023

Recently, there has been significant attention given to the electrification of transportation due to concerns about fossil fuel depletion and environmental pollution. Conventional drive systems typically include a clutch, reduction gear, and mechanic...

  • Review
  • Open Access
76 Citations
25,285 Views
32 Pages

A Review of Flywheel Energy Storage System Technologies

  • Kai Xu,
  • Youguang Guo,
  • Gang Lei and
  • Jianguo Zhu

7 September 2023

The operation of the electricity network has grown more complex due to the increased adoption of renewable energy resources, such as wind and solar power. Using energy storage technology can improve the stability and quality of the power grid. One su...

  • Article
  • Open Access
42 Citations
25,204 Views
21 Pages

HPPC Test Methodology Using LFP Battery Cell Identification Tests as an Example

  • Tadeusz Białoń,
  • Roman Niestrój,
  • Wojciech Skarka and
  • Wojciech Korski

28 August 2023

The aim of this research was to create an accurate simulation model of a lithium-ion battery cell, which will be used in the design process of the traction battery of a fully electric load-hull-dump vehicle. Discharge characteristics tests were used...

  • Review
  • Open Access
66 Citations
25,188 Views
33 Pages

Advancements in Solar Panel Technology in Civil Engineering for Revolutionizing Renewable Energy Solutions—A Review

  • Dhanasingh Sivalinga Vijayan,
  • Eugeniusz Koda,
  • Arvindan Sivasuriyan,
  • Jan Winkler,
  • Parthiban Devarajan,
  • Ramamoorthy Sanjay Kumar,
  • Aleksandra Jakimiuk,
  • Piotr Osinski,
  • Anna Podlasek and
  • Magdalena Daria Vaverková

13 September 2023

Globally, solar energy has become a major contributor to the rapid adoption of renewable energy. Significant energy savings have resulted from the widespread utilization of solar energy in the industrial, residential, and commercial divisions. This r...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
84 Citations
25,170 Views
29 Pages

11 November 2023

Battery technologies have recently undergone significant advancements in design and manufacturing to meet the performance requirements of a wide range of applications, including electromobility and stationary domains. For e-mobility, batteries are es...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
98 Citations
24,844 Views
33 Pages

Energy Forecasting: A Comprehensive Review of Techniques and Technologies

  • Aristeidis Mystakidis,
  • Paraskevas Koukaras,
  • Nikolaos Tsalikidis,
  • Dimosthenis Ioannidis and
  • Christos Tjortjis

30 March 2024

Distribution System Operators (DSOs) and Aggregators benefit from novel energy forecasting (EF) approaches. Improved forecasting accuracy may make it easier to deal with energy imbalances between generation and consumption. It also helps operations s...

  • Review
  • Open Access
123 Citations
24,720 Views
30 Pages

Investigation of Degradation of Solar Photovoltaics: A Review of Aging Factors, Impacts, and Future Directions toward Sustainable Energy Management

  • Tuhibur Rahman,
  • Ahmed Al Mansur,
  • Molla Shahadat Hossain Lipu,
  • Md. Siddikur Rahman,
  • Ratil H. Ashique,
  • Mohamad Abou Houran,
  • Rajvikram Madurai Elavarasan and
  • Eklas Hossain

26 April 2023

The degradation of solar photovoltaic (PV) modules is caused by a number of factors that have an impact on their effectiveness, performance, and lifetime. One of the reasons contributing to the decline in solar PV performance is the aging issue. This...

  • Review
  • Open Access
59 Citations
24,520 Views
31 Pages

Recent Developments in Cooling Systems and Cooling Management for Electric Motors

  • Dmytro Konovalov,
  • Ignat Tolstorebrov,
  • Trygve Magne Eikevik,
  • Halina Kobalava,
  • Mykola Radchenko,
  • Armin Hafner and
  • Andrii Radchenko

9 October 2023

This study provides an overview of new trends in the development of cooling systems for electric motors. It includes a summary of academic research and patents for cooling systems implemented by leading motor manufacturers at TRL9. New trends in the...

  • Review
  • Open Access
37 Citations
23,959 Views
22 Pages

Noise in Electric Motors: A Comprehensive Review

  • Patxi Gonzalez,
  • Garikoitz Buigues and
  • Angel Javier Mazon

11 July 2023

Electric machines are important devices that convert electrical energy into mechanical energy and are extensively used in a wide range of applications. Recent years have seen an increase in applications where electric motors are used. The frequent us...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
125 Citations
23,908 Views
27 Pages

3 October 2023

Biomass-based solutions have been discussed as having the potential to replace fossil-based solutions in the iron and steel industry. To produce the biocarbon required in these processes, thermochemical treatment, pyrolysis, typically takes place. Th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
39 Citations
23,886 Views
19 Pages

Molten Salts Tanks Thermal Energy Storage: Aspects to Consider during Design

  • Cristina Prieto,
  • Adrian Blindu,
  • Luisa F. Cabeza,
  • Juan Valverde and
  • Guillermo García

20 December 2023

Concentrating solar power plants use sensible thermal energy storage, a mature technology based on molten salts, due to the high storage efficiency (up to 99%). Both parabolic trough collectors and the central receiver system for concentrating solar...

  • Review
  • Open Access
70 Citations
23,674 Views
35 Pages

AI-Driven Innovations in Building Energy Management Systems: A Review of Potential Applications and Energy Savings

  • Dalia Mohammed Talat Ebrahim Ali,
  • Violeta Motuzienė and
  • Rasa Džiugaitė-Tumėnienė

27 August 2024

Despite the tightening of energy performance standards for buildings in various countries and the increased use of efficient and renewable energy technologies, it is clear that the sector needs to change more rapidly to meet the Net Zero Emissions (N...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
25 Citations
23,610 Views
22 Pages

8 May 2025

Regenerative braking systems (RBS enhance energy efficiency and range in electric vehicles (EVs) by recovering kinetic energy during braking for storage in batteries or alternative systems. This literature review examines RBS advancements from 2005 t...

  • Review
  • Open Access
151 Citations
23,378 Views
19 Pages

18 September 2023

This contribution offers a thorough analysis of challenges and opportunities related to the adoption of sustainable energy policies in specific developing countries (i.e., Albania, Brazil, India, Kenya). The use of renewable energy sources must be in...

  • Article
  • Open Access
43 Citations
23,111 Views
15 Pages

Hydrogen-Powered Vehicles: Comparing the Powertrain Efficiency and Sustainability of Fuel Cell versus Internal Combustion Engine Cars

  • Kirill Durkin,
  • Ali Khanafer,
  • Philip Liseau,
  • Adam Stjernström-Eriksson,
  • Arvid Svahn,
  • Linnéa Tobiasson,
  • Tatiana Santos Andrade and
  • Jimmy Ehnberg

24 February 2024

Due to the large quantities of carbon emissions generated by the transportation sector, cleaner automotive technologies are needed aiming at a green energy transition. In this scenario, hydrogen is pointed out as a promising fuel that can be employed...

  • Review
  • Open Access
59 Citations
22,431 Views
24 Pages

A Systematic Review of Battery Recycling Technologies: Advances, Challenges, and Future Prospects

  • Luigi Toro,
  • Emanuela Moscardini,
  • Ludovica Baldassari,
  • Flavia Forte,
  • Ilario Falcone,
  • Jacopo Coletta and
  • Lorenzo Toro

12 September 2023

As the demand for batteries continues to surge in various industries, effective recycling of used batteries has become crucial to mitigate environmental hazards and promote a sustainable future. This review article provides an overview of current tec...

  • Review
  • Open Access
57 Citations
22,251 Views
23 Pages

11 April 2023

Electric vehicles (EVs) have been garnering wide attention over conventional fossil fuel-based vehicles due to the serious concerns of environmental pollution and crude oil depletion. In this article, we have conducted a systematic literature survey...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
22,000 Views
24 Pages

Simulation of a Continuous Pyrolysis Reactor for a Heat Self-Sufficient Process and Liquid Fuel Production

  • Antonio Chavando,
  • Valter Bruno Silva,
  • Luís A. C. Tarelho,
  • João Sousa Cardoso and
  • Daniela Eusebio

18 July 2024

This study investigates the potential of utilizing pyrolysis byproducts, including char and non-condensable gases, as an energy source to promote autothermal pyrolysis. A total of six pyrolysis experiments were conducted at three distinct cracking te...

  • Review
  • Open Access
89 Citations
21,745 Views
38 Pages

The Production of Bioethanol from Lignocellulosic Biomass: Pretreatment Methods, Fermentation, and Downstream Processing

  • Sunčica Beluhan,
  • Katarina Mihajlovski,
  • Božidar Šantek and
  • Mirela Ivančić Šantek

9 October 2023

Bioethanol is the most widely used alternative transportation fuel to petrol. Bioethanol is considered a clean, renewable, and environmentally friendly fuel that can contribute to climate change mitigation, decreased environmental pollution, and enha...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
21,411 Views
20 Pages

The Central American Power System: Achievements, Challenges, and Opportunities for a Green Transition

  • Gustavo Adolfo Gómez-Ramírez,
  • Carlos Meza,
  • Gonzalo Mora-Jiménez,
  • José Rodrigo Rojas Morales and
  • Luis García-Santander

25 May 2023

Over the past few decades, Central American countries have seen a steady increase in their energy needs. Luckily, the region has abundant renewable energy resources and, as a result, has been busy constructing wind and photovoltaic power facilities....

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
21,381 Views
32 Pages

7 August 2025

In recent years, solar energy has emerged as one of the most advanced renewable energy sources, with its production capacity steadily growing. To maximize output and efficiency, choosing the right configuration for a specific location for these insta...

  • Review
  • Open Access
35 Citations
20,908 Views
30 Pages

State-of-the-Art Review of Small Modular Reactors

  • Carlo L. Vinoya,
  • Aristotle T. Ubando,
  • Alvin B. Culaba and
  • Wei-Hsin Chen

3 April 2023

The decarbonization of the energy industry is one of the key pillars in the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere. The energy generation industry is an important driver in the development of nations. Small modular reactors (SMRs) ar...

  • Review
  • Open Access
22 Citations
20,866 Views
29 Pages

The Role of Lightweight AI Models in Supporting a Sustainable Transition to Renewable Energy: A Systematic Review

  • Tymoteusz Miller,
  • Irmina Durlik,
  • Ewelina Kostecka,
  • Polina Kozlovska,
  • Marek Staude and
  • Sylwia Sokołowska

28 February 2025

The transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy (RE) sources is an essential step in mitigating climate change and ensuring environmental sustainability. However, large-scale deployment of renewables is accompanied by new challenges, including t...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
20 Citations
20,842 Views
42 Pages

Smart Street Light Control: A Review on Methods, Innovations, and Extended Applications

  • Fouad Agramelal,
  • Mohamed Sadik,
  • Youssef Moubarak and
  • Saad Abouzahir

3 November 2023

As urbanization increases, streetlights have become significant consumers of electrical power, making it imperative to develop effective control methods for sustainability. This paper offers a comprehensive review on control methods of smart streetli...

  • Article
  • Open Access
223 Citations
20,831 Views
19 Pages

25 April 2023

The slow pyrolysis characteristics of lignocellulosic biomass and its three major components via a Thermogravimetric Analyzer coupled with a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (TGA-FTIR) was studied. Different compositions and ratios of cellulos...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
73 Citations
20,746 Views
40 Pages

21 August 2023

The aviation industry is a significant contributor to global carbon dioxide emissions, with over 920 million tonnes per year, and there is a growing need to reduce its environmental impact. The production of biojet fuel from renewable biomass feedsto...

  • Review
  • Open Access
33 Citations
20,644 Views
24 Pages

Effect of Regenerative Braking on Battery Life

  • Ramesh Kumar Chidambaram,
  • Dipankar Chatterjee,
  • Barnali Barman,
  • Partha Pratim Das,
  • Dawid Taler,
  • Jan Taler and
  • Tomasz Sobota

11 July 2023

It is a well-known fact that automotive industries in every country are shifting towards electric vehicles (EVs) and in the days to come it is expected that the industry will become dominated by them, along with hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). Unfor...

  • Feature Paper
  • Perspective
  • Open Access
75 Citations
20,553 Views
18 Pages

4 May 2023

High-electron-mobility transistors based on gallium nitride technology are the most recently developed power electronics devices involved in power electronics applications. This article critically overviews the advantages and drawbacks of these enhan...

  • Article
  • Open Access
187 Citations
20,435 Views
51 Pages

The Influence of the Global Energy Crisis on Energy Efficiency: A Comprehensive Analysis

  • Bożena Gajdzik,
  • Radosław Wolniak,
  • Rafał Nagaj,
  • Brigita Žuromskaitė-Nagaj and
  • Wieslaw Wes Grebski

18 February 2024

The global energy crisis, which began in 2021 due to the extraordinary economic recovery after the pandemic and intensified after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, has changed the conditions of energy management, paying more attent...

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Energies - ISSN 1996-1073