The Black-and-white Owl (Strix nigrolineata) is a Neotropical raptor whose current distribution extends from southeastern Mexico to South America. Recent citizen science records and field observations have documented the species in west-central Mexic...
The Western House Martin Delichon urbicum is a trans-Saharan migrant whose Iberian winter distribution is concentrated mainly in southern and coastal areas. We document repeated winter occurrence and roost use at the Almirante Sarmento Rodrigues brid...
Understanding spatial distribution patterns is a key component in predicting community structural changes and preserving biodiversity. Within the subtropical forest ecosystems of China, the spatial interrelations between raptors and pheasants, and th...
Rat control using anticoagulant rodenticides on livestock farms is a widely applied practice worldwide. Birds can be exposed to rodenticides through direct ingestion or secondary poisoning, resulting in mortality or sublethal health effects. While im...
The winter diet of Black Francolin (Francolinus francolinus) is poorly documented in Totali Public Game Reserve, Pakistan. We examined crop contents from 24 legally harvested birds (14 males and 10 females) collected during 2022–2024. Thirty-th...
Columbidae (pigeons and doves) are among the most abundant resident birds in agricultural landscapes and recorded as turbine fatalities, but they are rarely included in collision risk assessments. We evaluate nine years (2016–2024) of monitorin...
Urbanization drastically alters bird communities, creating an urgent need for practical indicators to monitor species colonization and decline. We investigated whether the boldness of pigeon species—measured by Alert Distance (AD), Flight Initi...
Introduction: Climate change constitutes a global challenge that is driving environmental transformations in the high-Andean territories of Peru, where Quechua-speaking communities interpret changes in their surroundings through their ancestral knowl...
Partial migration systems offer valuable insights into how avian populations adapt to environmental shifting. While breeding ecology is widely documented, the factors governing winter site fidelity remain understudied. Using long-term ringing data fr...
The Brown Noddy (Anous stolidus) is a widely distributed tropical seabird whose parasitic fauna remains poorly studied, particularly in the southwestern Atlantic. This study aimed to characterize the louse fauna (Phthiraptera) of An. stolidus specime...
The central point of evolutionary ecology is understanding the drivers of variation in life-history strategies among organisms. The post-fledging dependence period is a critical life-history stage in the life cycle of altricial birds, influencing the...
Urbanization is a pervasive driver of ecological change, yet its consequences for mutualistic interaction networks remain poorly resolved in lowland tropical regions. We described and compared the structure of plant–hummingbird interaction netw...
Tropical cyclones can rapidly alter vegetation structure and resource availability in Caribbean island ecosystems, yet species-specific, island-wide assessments of avian resilience remain limited. We integrated remotely sensed vegetation greenness, t...
Understanding how historical climatic oscillations and contemporary dispersal interact to shape genetic diversity is central to interpreting population structure in long-distance migratory birds. The White Stork (Ciconia ciconia) has a broad trans-Eu...
Plumage anomalies in owls range from common color polymorphisms to rare, extreme aberrations such as leucism, albinism, and melanism, yet systematic syntheses across taxa are scarce. In this review, we collate recent genomic, ecological, and environm...
The Lesser Grey Shrike Lanius minor is a migratory passerine whose steep decline has been linked to agricultural intensification and the loss of crop heterogeneity. Using 15 years of data (2010–2024), we sought the optimal crop type composition...
Summarizing records from 1905 to 2025, we document the presence and distribution of the California black rail (Laterallus jamaicensis coturniculus) in northwestern México, particularly Baja California and the Colorado River Delta. This subspec...
Ultraviolet sensitivity in birds is generally attributed to short-wavelength-sensitive type 1 single cones, but ultraviolet radiation may influence the retina through several additional pathways. We reviewed molecular, optical, physiological, and beh...
The Tawny-throated Dotterel is a migratory species listed as “near threatened” in Chile and distributed across diverse ecosystems in South America. However, little is known about its nesting behavior in arid desert ecosystems, where it ma...
The Rock Partridge (Alectoris graeca) is a gamebird of global conservation concern. Knowledge of the species’ diet remains limited across its distribution. This study investigated seasonal, altitudinal, and age-related variation in the diet of...
Spring conditions may influence reproduction in the Gyrfalcon, Falco rusticolus, but their effects are difficult to separate from prey variation. We compared 66 nesting territories in 2024 and 69 in 2025 across natural tree nests, artificial nests mo...
The effects of urbanization on woodland insectivorous mixed-species flocks have been little studied, and no seasonal studies have been conducted. This study aimed to describe the structure and seasonal dynamics of insectivorous mixed flocks in urban...
To feed a growing population, humanity will need to see an increased global agricultural output in crop production. One key strategy for achieving this goal is to reduce herbivory by insect pests, which is one of the leading causes of crop loss. Alth...
Strelitzia reginae (Bird of Paradise) is a South African ornamental plant widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions. While naturalized populations have been reported outside its native range, no such cases have been documented for Austral...
We compiled records of Sturnus vulgaris (European Starling) in Brazil over the ten years following its first documented occurrence in the country. The dataset included field campaigns and summarized data from citizen science platforms, field data, an...
This study evaluated social media platforms as complementary tools for monitoring threatened and rare bird species in Morocco from 2015 to 2025. Records were extracted from groups, pages, videos, photographs, and ornithological publications based on...
The Oriental Magpie Pica serica invaded Hokkaido, Japan, in the 1980s, but little is known about its current population status or potential for further range expansion. Here, we compile records on the distribution of magpies from 2012 to 2016 and est...
Diet diversity of owls has traditionally been studied using prey taxonomic composition, but species identities alone do not necessarily capture ecological roles, energetic dominance, or evolutionary breadth of prey. Here we quantified diversity acros...
Tit species (Paridae) are an important part of urban settlements during winter. We counted wintering tit species from 31 urban settlements along a 920 km latitudinal gradient in Finland during four winters between 1991 and 2020. We observed a total o...
Petronia petronia is a highly adaptable passerine bird in the western Palearctic region. Its mitochondrial genome characteristics and intraspecific genetic variation have been poorly studied. This study sequenced and annotated the complete mitochondr...
Racing pigeons (Columba livia domestica) have been selectively bred for centuries for superior flight capacity. Yet, the quantitative structure of flight performance traits and the extent to which sex influences these parameters remain poorly charact...
The traditional Pelecaniformes, defined by the totipalmate foot, persisted as an apparently stable assemblage from the nineteenth century to the early 2000s, its coherence resting on a single diagnostic character whose phylogenetic interpretation was...
Pine Grosbeaks (Pinicola enucleator) are boreal finches whose winter ecology and social behavior remain only sporadically documented due to their remote distributions and irruptive dispersions. From 18 December 2023 to 6 March 2024, we conducted repe...
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The Iranian Ground Jay (Podoces pleskei) is the endemic bird species inhabiting the deserts and steppes of Iran, a region experiencing severe ecological disturbances like habitat loss and fragmentation of preferred habitat. Despite its remarkable ada...
Foremost, the structural, functional and behavioural traits of birds relate directly or indirectly to volancy, i.e., the capacity for powered flight, an elite mode of locomotion that decisively made them what they are today: ‘specialist and ext...
The Monk Parakeet (Myiopsitta monachus) is a psittacid species native to central and eastern South America that was introduced into many countries by traders, for its popularity as caged pets. After escapes or releases, it has been successful in esta...
Karyotypic diversification in birds is often masked by overall chromosomal conservation, yet the mechanisms driving lineage-specific variation remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that genome evolution in Rallidae is shaped by dynamic, inde...
Network approaches are commonly used to study mutualistic interactions between frugivorous birds and plants at the community level. However, most fruit–bird networks aggregate individual data and rely on species-level traits, often overlooking...
Wild birds are increasingly exposed to anthropogenic threats that compromise population viability. Wildlife rehabilitation centers provide valuable data to monitor these pressures and their conservation implications. This retrospective study analyzed...
New Guinea, the world’s largest tropical island, supports the planet’s richest insular avifauna. Large areas of New Guinea remain poorly surveyed, however, in part due to the island’s challenging terrain. In hard-to-access areas, li...
Solitary living is an evolutionarily widespread yet comparatively under-theorized social system, despite its occurrence across diverse animal taxa. Shrikes (family Laniidae) are small predatory passerines that combine raptorial behavior, strong terri...
Bird migration is an awe-inspiring phenomenon that causes massive global shifts in bird distributions twice a year. To understand the evolution of this phenomenon, it is crucial to know the mortality costs of these journeys. Extreme weather-related e...
For the first time, an attempt has been made to comprehensively summarize data on the past distribution of bustards on the territory of Bulgaria based on their fossil and subfossil finds. The collected data refer to a total of 32 Quaternary localitie...
Vigilance is used to detect distant threats in many species of birds. Allocation of time to vigilance is shaped by the social and physical environment of individuals, but little research has focused on how weather variables affect vigilance. Wind spe...
Elevated perches allow songbirds to better transmit their songs and increase the visibility of territorial displays, but there is a cost: increased predation risk. To investigate how grassland birds evaluate these tradeoffs, we placed artificial perc...
Predation risk influences how animals approach predictable food sources where ambush predators may be present. In parids, chick-a-dee calls are used in a wide variety of contexts related to social cohesion and are well known as mobbing signals. Here,...
The Turtle Dove is a regular migratory species widely distributed in Italy, though the information on its abundance in each Italian region is modest; thus, action plans have been implemented to improve its conservation. This is a preliminary study me...
Behavioral flexibility allows animals to adjust their behavior in response to environmental changes. Hummingbirds, with their tetrachromatic color vision and enlarged hippocampal formation, represent an excellent model for studying cognitive flexibil...
Avian morphology is a product of complex interactions among ecology, behavioral traits, and phylogeny. The wing, as a primary aerodynamic structure, is particularly indicative of these selective pressures, which are especially pronounced in migratory...
