Vehicles, Volume 7, Issue 4

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are promising nodes for Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC), but accurate Direction-of-Arrival (DoA) estimation on a small airframe is challenged by platform loading, motion, attitude, and multipath. Traditiona...

This paper presents a methodological framework for inferring energy-related operating states of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) under conditions of limited and incomplete on-board diagnostic (OBD) data. The proposed approach is illustrated u...

A promising approach to advancing sustainable urban mobility is the increased use of light electric vehicles, such as e-cycles and their cargo-carrying variants: e-cargo cycles. These micromobility vehicles fall between e-cycles and conventional vehi...

Railroad-highway grade crossings (RHGCs) are critical points of conflict between roadway and rail systems, contributing to over 2000 crashes and 250 fatalities annually in the United States. This study applied machine learning methods (ML) techniques...

This study presents a well-to-wheel life-cycle assessment (WTW-LCA) comparing battery-electric heavy-duty trucks (BEVs) with conventional diesel trucks, utilizing real-world fleet data from Southern California’s Volvo LIGHTS project. Class 7 an...

The review has explored the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in evaluating road traffic crashes, stressing its role in identifying crash spatial patterns and hotspots. GIS offers a framework for integrating spatial and non-spatial...

This work investigates how the vehicle-to-tube suspension gap governs compressible flow physics and operating margins in Hyperloop-class transport at 10 kPa. To our knowledge, this is the first study to apply adjoint aerodynamic optimization to mitig...

Urbanisation and the increasing concentration of populations in cities present significant challenges for achieving sustainable mobility and advancing the energy transition. Private vehicles, particularly those powered by internal combustion engines,...

The design-related behaviour of structural dynamics for electric-assisted bicycle (e-bike) drive units significantly influences the mechanical system—e.g., vibrations and durability, stresses and loads, or functionality and comfort. Identifying...

The automotive industry is currently undergoing significant transformations driven by challenges such as fierce competition, supply chain disruptions, and stringent legislative regulations aimed at reducing pollutant emissions. The research employs a...

Some European Heavy Duty (HD) vehicle manufacturers have adopted Open Crankcase Ventilation (OCV) systems to improve reliability and performance. The emission compliance of HD vehicles both during certification and In-Service Conformity (ISC) testing...

This study presents a predictive maintenance framework for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) based on emissions behaviour under laboratory-simulated driving conditions. Vehicle speed, road gradient, and ambient temperature were selected as the principa...

To improve recognition accuracy, convergence speed, and numerical stability in estimating the road adhesion coefficient for distributed-drive electric vehicles, a nonlinear seven-degree-of-freedom vehicle dynamics model was developed based on a modif...

Traffic accidents pose unpredictable and severe social and economic challenges. Rapid and accurate accident detection, along with reliable severity classification, is essential for timely emergency response and improved road safety. This study propos...

This paper presents an experimental study of the Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB) system, focusing on three essential testing phases: verifying the match between calculated and actual brake actuator operation time, validating the forecasted vs. real...

This study confronts the significant challenges inherent in Traffic State Estimation (TSE) for rural arterial networks, where sparse sensor coverage and complex, dynamic traffic flows complicate effective management and safety assurance. Traditional...

The air–ground integrated Internet of Vehicles (IoV), which incorporates unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), is a key component of a three-dimensional intelligent transportation system. Task offloading is crucial to improving the overall efficienc...

Collisions with fallen pedestrians pose a lethal challenge to current advanced driver-assistance systems. This paper introduces and quantitatively validates the Advanced Falling Object Detection System (AFODS), a novel safety framework designed to mi...

The straightness of rail joints is one of the critical factors affecting passenger comfort in high-speed railways, and investigating its influence on the dynamic performance of the vehicle–track system and riding comfort is of great significanc...

The optimization of clutch engagement strategies is of great significance for improving vehicle power performance, fuel economy, and driving comfort. Traditional control strategies are difficult to adapt to complex working conditions and lack coordin...

As typical dynamic loads, electric vehicles (EVs) introduce significant uncertainty into distribution network operations due to the randomness of their travel behavior and charging demand. To achieve precise spatiotemporal forecasting of charging loa...

This study investigates drivers’ visual attention strategies during naturalistic urban driving using mobile eye-tracking (Pupil Labs Neon). A sample of experienced drivers participated in a realistic traffic scenario to examine fixation behavio...

Stable attitude control of unmanned or autonomous operations of vehicles moving in three spatial dimensions is essential for safe and reliable operations. Rigid body attitude control is inherently a nonlinear control problem, as the Lie group of rigi...

Traditional low-cost DC drives, such as Buck converter-fed DC drives, do not take into consideration the power quality requirements regarding the total harmonic distortion (THD) and the input power factor (PF). This paper proposes a high-performance...

Traffic congestion continues to pose a significant challenge to contemporary urban transportation systems, exerting substantial effects on economic productivity, environmental sustainability, and the overall quality of life. This systematic literatur...

This paper presents a detailed experimental evaluation of a newly developed diesel fuel additive, specifically formulated to enhance the energy efficiency and emission characteristics of internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, with particular emph...

The paper primarily focuses on the control strategy of an electric dump truck equipped with an M100 methanol range extender. In response to the significant adverse impact of the constant power control strategy on the lifespan of power batteries and t...

This study investigated the impact of converting High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lanes to High Occupancy Toll (HOT) lanes on fundamental traffic flow characteristics, focusing on speed, density, and flow relationships. A 25-mile HOV corridor along I-24...

For vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) control of distributed-propulsion, fixed-wing UAVs exhibiting strong nonlinearity and aerodynamic/propulsive coupling, traditional linearization methods incur significant modeling errors in pitch–roll cou...

This paper presents a fault-tolerant control strategy that dynamically reconfigures the proposed system, and the inverter leg with a fault is isolated through a MOSFET-based clamping branch. With the use of a modified Vector Control (VC) and Pulse-Wi...

In response to the increasing global emphasis on sustainability, electric vehicles (EVs) have emerged as promising alternative vehicles. Grounded in the Value–Attitude–Behaviour (VAB) model and the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), this...

This paper evaluates Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADASs) in test scenarios derived from naturalistic driving and crash data, mapped to ISO 26262, ISO/PAS 21448 (SOTIF), and ISO 34502. From eight high-risk scenarios, it is validated for left tu...

This paper details the development of an embedded system for vehicle data acquisition using the On-Board Diagnostics version 2 (OBD2) protocol, with the objective of predicting power loss caused by exhaust gas backpressure (EBP). The system decodes a...

Modern automotive design has increasingly embraced plastics for bumper construction; however, it can lead to material degradation. To overcome these limitations, the automotive industry is turning to fiber–resin material, namely carbon–ep...

This study addresses the joint optimization of full-length and short-turning operations for the Nanchang Metro Airport Line, aiming to balance operational efficiency and passenger service quality. A novel mathematical model is proposed, which integra...

This study proposes a methodological approach to the redesign of a 1980s vehicle, the Lancia Beta HPE, integrating the TRIZ (Theory of Inventive Problem Solving) and the Industrial Design Structure (IDeS) frameworks within the design process. The red...

The study focuses on an advanced numerical framework designed to optimize an electric car’s aerodynamic efficiency through the slanting front bumper. The study begins with a comparative analysis of four angular configurations (−4°, 0&...

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) play a pivotal role in addressing traffic congestion, inefficiency, and safety concerns. Emergency lane control on highways is a critical ITS component, yet existing strategies often lack flexibility, theoreti...

The rapid development of Intelligent Connected Vehicles (ICVs) and the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) has paved the way for new real-time monitoring and control systems. However, most existing telemetry solutions remain limited by high costs, reliance on...

This study addresses the condition monitoring of rolling bearings by applying robust linear regression to statistically derived features from vibration data. Four datasets of acceleration signals were collected under varying operating conditions: ali...

Three-wheeled vehicles are increasingly adopted as sustainable transport solutions, but their asymmetric design and lightweight structure make them vulnerable to ride discomfort and rollover instability. This study develops a high-fidelity 12-degrees...

This research addresses the complex challenge of integrating modern public transport into historic medieval city centers. These unique urban environments are characterized by narrow streets, protected heritage status, and topographical constraints, w...

Automated driving systems (ADSs) have the potential to make mobility services both safer and more accessible. The New Assessment/Test Method (NATM) from the UNECE establishes a multi-pillar framework for ADS safety assessment, centred on comprehensiv...

To address the challenges of inefficient path planning, discontinuous trajectories, and inadequate safety margins in autonomous spraying vehicles for greenhouse environments, this paper proposes a hierarchical motion control architecture. At the glob...

The purpose of this study was to investigate how environmental judgments and psychological factors jointly influence self-reported violation riding behaviors among e-bike riders in China, with attention to sociodemographic heterogeneity. To achieve t...

The importance of Last-Mile Delivery (LMD) in the current economy cannot be overstated, as it is the final and most crucial step in the supply chain between retailers and consumers. In major cities, absent intervention, urban LMD emissions are projec...

This work addresses the challenges of airline planning, which requires the integration of flight scheduling, aircraft availability, and maintenance to ensure both airworthiness and profitability. Current solutions, often developed by human experts, a...

This paper presents a coordinated control strategy for an electro-hydraulic composite braking system in in-wheel motor electric vehicles to enhance regenerative energy recovery and braking safety. A novel hydraulic control unit (HCU) without a pressu...

It is of great significance to construct a networked energy-saving driving strategy method and application framework to solve the problems of traffic disorder, speed fluctuations, and high energy consumption caused by frequent acceleration, decelerat...

This paper presents a novel method for locally estimating vehicle density on highways based on vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, a communication mode within intelligent transport systems (ITSs), enabled via IEEE 802.11p and 3GPP C-V2X technolog...