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Photonics, Volume 12, Issue 8

August 2025 - 92 articles

Cover Story: To beat the heat and inefficiency that limit microchip lasers, we bonded Nd:YAG/Cr4+:YAG and pumped it through a fiber splitter. At 4.02 mJ, 100 Hz, four linear beams emerge, each 0.964 mJ, giving 23.98% optical conversion. Energy shares: 22.61%, 24.46%, 25.50%, and 27.43%; pulse widths: 2.18–2.21 ns. The far field evolves from one circle to four spots; the lower-right beam yields Mx2 = 1.181 and My2 = 1.289. Simulations at 293 K show that split pumping cuts Nd:YAG volume ΔT by 28.8%, peak ΔT by 66%, and swing by 78%. Compact, low-cost, and high-damage, it suits car ignition, LiDAR, and LIBS. View this paper
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Articles (92)

  • Review
  • Open Access
2,214 Views
31 Pages

13 August 2025

Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) provides numerous advantages, such as noninvasive sample analysis, real-time dynamic detection, and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction, making it a valuable tool in fields such as biomedical research, cell mech...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
1,352 Views
9 Pages

13 August 2025

In this paper, a silver thin film coating on a monolayer polystyrene colloidal crystal (MPCC) hybrid structure was fabricated, and a photonic–surface plasmon coupling mode was established and experimentally researched. The silver thin film was...

  • Review
  • Open Access
2 Citations
5,617 Views
36 Pages

13 August 2025

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technology, leveraging its single-molecule-level detection sensitivity, molecular fingerprint recognition capability, and capacity for rapid, non-destructive analysis, has emerged as a pivotal analytical tool...

  • Review
  • Open Access
3,515 Views
16 Pages

Recycling Technologies for Extracting Gallium from Light-Emitting Diodes

  • Laraib Mustafa,
  • Muhammad Usman,
  • Shazma Ali,
  • Ahmed Ali and
  • Anis Naveed

12 August 2025

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are made up of precious metals, e.g., gallium. These elements can be recovered and reused, reducing the need for new raw materials. Proper recycling prevents harmful substances in LEDs, such as lead and arsenic, from cont...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,484 Views
13 Pages

Impact of LD Spectra on Efficiency of Yb-Doped Fiber Laser

  • Fengyun Li,
  • Yi Shi,
  • Chun Zhang,
  • Qiuhui Chu,
  • Lingli Huang,
  • Haoyu Zhang,
  • Qiang Shu,
  • Yu Wen,
  • Xingchen Jiang and
  • Zixiang Gao
  • + 2 authors

11 August 2025

The spectral characteristics of pump laser diodes (LDs) introduce significant ambiguity into the performance evaluation of high-power ytterbium-doped fiber lasers (YDFLs), obscuring their intrinsic efficiency and hindering reliable system design. Her...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,661 Views
13 Pages

Comparative Study of Raman Laser Generation Techniques in Cold Atomic Gravimeters

  • Rui Xu,
  • Fangjun Qin,
  • Zhichao Ding,
  • Hao Chen,
  • An Li,
  • Dongyi Li,
  • Jiaqing Sun,
  • Haibo Zhang and
  • Chenxi Ge

11 August 2025

In the measurement process of cold atomic gravimeters, Raman laser plays an important role both in the state preparation stage and in the atomic interference stage. This paper discusses Raman laser generation techniques. The optical phase-locked loop...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,201 Views
14 Pages

Electro-Optic Toffoli Logic Based on Hybrid Surface Plasmons

  • Zhixun Liang,
  • Yunying Shi,
  • Yunfei Yi and
  • Yuanyuan Fan

11 August 2025

Reversible gates theoretically do not result in energy loss during the calculation process. The Toffoli gate is a universal reversible logic gate, and any reversible circuit can be constructed from the Toffoli gate. This paper presents a hybrid elect...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,460 Views
12 Pages

Damage Characteristics of Silicon Solar Cells Induced by Nanosecond Pulsed Laser

  • Hao Chang,
  • Weijing Zhou,
  • Yingjie Ma,
  • Zhilong Jian,
  • Xiaoyuan Quan and
  • Chenyu Xiao

11 August 2025

The damage characteristics of monocrystalline silicon solar cells irradiated by a nanosecond pulsed laser were investigated in a vacuum environment. An 8 ns pulsed laser was used with a 1064 nm wavelength, a 2.0 J maximum pulse energy, and a millimet...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,307 Views
17 Pages

First-Principles and Device-Level Investigation of β-AgGaO2 Ferroelectric Semiconductors for Photovoltaic Applications

  • Wen-Jie Hu,
  • Xin-Yu Zhang,
  • Xiao-Tong Zhu,
  • Yan-Li Hu,
  • Hua-Kai Xu,
  • Xiang-Fu Xu,
  • You-Da Che,
  • Xing-Yuan Chen,
  • Li-Ting Niu and
  • Bing Dai

11 August 2025

Ferroelectric semiconductors, with their inherent spontaneous polarization, present a promising approach for efficient charge separation, making them attractive for photovoltaic applications. The potential of β-AgGaO2, a polar ternary oxide with...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
1,652 Views
9 Pages

10 August 2025

We report on the generation of 1300 nm ultrashort laser pulses via the soliton self-frequency shift in a high-nonlinearity fiber, pumped by the 41.9 MHz, 67.9 fs, 1073 nm femtosecond laser emitted from an Yb-doped fiber laser system. A numerical simu...

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Photonics - ISSN 2304-6732