Optical Communication Networks: Challenges and Opportunities

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732). This special issue belongs to the section "Optical Communication and Network".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2027 | Viewed by 3285

Editors


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Guest Editor
State Key Lab of Photonics and Communications, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Interests: optical passive networks; optical signal processing; high-precision spectral control

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Guest Editor
School of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
Interests: optical fiber communication; digital signal processing

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Optical communication networks form the backbone of modern telecommunications, enabling high-speed data transmission over long distances with minimal loss. As demand for bandwidth-intensive applications (e.g., 5G, IoT, cloud computing, and AI) grows, optical networks face both challenges and opportunities to meet future requirements.

Optical communication networks must evolve to address growing bandwidth demands, security threats, and energy constraints. Innovations in AI, quantum communications, and integrated photonics present significant opportunities to overcome these challenges, ensuring scalable, efficient, and secure future networks. AI is revolutionizing optical networks by enabling smarter, more efficient, and self-optimizing systems. From predictive maintenance to adaptive modulation, AI-driven solutions enhance performance while reducing operational costs. AI will be indispensable in managing the complexity of optical networks as they evolve toward 6G, quantum communications, and space-division multiplexing.

This Special Issue will present an overview of cutting-edge research, including their aims, results, and applications. We invite the submission of broad, visionary contributions, including short research reports and collections of reviews of accomplishments. Topics include but are not limited to the following:

  • AI and machine learning optimization;
  • Integration with emerging technologies;
  • Advanced modulation and multiplexing techniques;
  • Network scalability and flexibility;
  • Nonlinear compensation;
  • Security vulnerabilities;
  • Bandwidth and capacity improvement;
  • Silicon photonics and integrated optics;
  • Green optical networking.

Dr. Mengyue Shi
Dr. Zhengxuan Li
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • optical communication networks
  • optical fiber communication
  • digital signal processing
  • optical passive networks

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 2323 KB  
Article
Symmetric 100 Gb/s CO-OFDM-PON with Massive Connectivity for Ultra-Dense Industrial Access Networks
by Zhanglu Zhao, Zhengxuan Li, Pengyu Zhang, Jiahao Huo, Siyu Luo, Chenyu Liu, Mingyang Shao, Yingxiong Song and Lilin Yi
Photonics 2026, 13(7), 640; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics13070640 - 1 Jul 2026
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Abstract
Industrial automation and the Internet of Things (IoT) are driving demand for optical access networks capable of supporting massive connectivity with deterministic low latency. Conventional passive optical networks (PONs) face scalability and cost limitations in ultra-dense deployment scenarios. Here we propose and experimentally [...] Read more.
Industrial automation and the Internet of Things (IoT) are driving demand for optical access networks capable of supporting massive connectivity with deterministic low latency. Conventional passive optical networks (PONs) face scalability and cost limitations in ultra-dense deployment scenarios. Here we propose and experimentally demonstrate a polarization-carrier dual-reuse coherent orthogonal frequency division multiplexing PON (CO-OFDM-PON) architecture enabled by optical frequency comb (OFC) sources. The design maps data and carrier signals onto orthogonal polarization states. This enables carrier reuse for both downstream coherent detection and upstream transmission through injection-locked laser (ILL)-based carrier regeneration at the optical network unit (ONU). We comprehensively characterize the key subsystems. These include the OFC, ILL, and erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA). This ensures stable multi-wavelength generation, carrier regeneration, and enhanced receiver sensitivity under high split ratios. Through simulation and experimental analysis of fiber nonlinearities in industrial PON scenarios, we identify an optimal per-channel launch power of 4 dBm. This power balances sensitivity and link budget requirements. Scalability analysis for standard PON reach is also provided. The system demonstrates 16-channel 100 Gb/s per wavelength downstream 16-QAM OFDM transmission. The link budget exceeds 34 dB with bit error rates (BERs) below the forward error correction (FEC) threshold of 1 × 10−2. While the coherent ONU architecture offers superior spectral efficiency, it entails higher component costs than direct-detection alternatives due to the required coherent receiver and polarization management components. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Communication Networks: Challenges and Opportunities)
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14 pages, 4281 KB  
Article
Joint Rx IQ Imbalance Compensation and Timing Recovery for Faster-than-Nyquist WDM Systems
by Jialin You
Photonics 2025, 12(8), 825; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics12080825 - 19 Aug 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2026
Abstract
Faster-than-Nyquist (FTN) tight filtering introduces serious inter-symbol interference (ISI) impairment, leading to an insufficient compensation range for conventional IQ imbalance compensation algorithms. Furthermore, receiver (Rx) IQ imbalance and ISI impairments significantly increase the convergence cost required by the squared Gardner phase detector (SGPD) [...] Read more.
Faster-than-Nyquist (FTN) tight filtering introduces serious inter-symbol interference (ISI) impairment, leading to an insufficient compensation range for conventional IQ imbalance compensation algorithms. Furthermore, receiver (Rx) IQ imbalance and ISI impairments significantly increase the convergence cost required by the squared Gardner phase detector (SGPD) timing recovery algorithm to establish a timing synchronization loop. This paper proposes a joint Rx IQ compensation and timing recovery scheme. By embedding a two-stage IQ imbalance compensation algorithm into the timing recovery feedback loop, the proposed scheme could effectively estimate and compensate for Rx IQ imbalance. Meanwhile, thanks to the innovative scheme, which equalizes Rx IQ imbalance and ISI during the timing feedback loop, the convergence cost of timing recovery could be reduced compared with the conventional blind frequency domain (BFD) scheme. The simulation results of 128 GBaud polarization multiplexing (PM) 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) FTN wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) transmission systems demonstrate that the proposed scheme could bring about 14%, 12.5%, and 16.6% improvements in the compensation range for Rx IQ amplitude imbalance, phase imbalance, and skew, respectively, compared with the conventional one. Meanwhile, the convergence cost is reduced by at least 31% with a 0.9 acceleration factor. In addition, 40 GBaud PM-16QAM FTN experiment results show that the proposed scheme could bring about a 0.8 dB improvement in the optical signal noise ratio (OSNR) compared with the conventional BFD scheme. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Communication Networks: Challenges and Opportunities)
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