Photonics, Volume 12, Issue 9

With the expansion of the scale of ultra-high-voltage transmission lines and the complexity of the corridor environment, the traditional manual inspection method faces serious challenges in terms of efficiency, cost, and safety. In this study, based...

Nanostructures with the two-dimensional (2D) periodicity are attracting increasing attention due to their promising applications in planar optical devices and their potential for scalable industrial production. While Rigorous Coupled-Wave Analysis (R...

In this study, we present the development of a high-average-power, exceptionally stable extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) laser source based on a high-order harmonic generation (HHG) technique. The spectrum of an ytterbium-doped laser is broadened through se...

In recent years, with the continuous advancement of technology and the expansion of application scenarios, AR has become a highly regarded field. However, AR still faces several challenges in practical usage. Notable shortcomings include inadequate i...

Infrared optical vortices are used in the field of optical communications at wavelengths around 1550 nm. A versatile method to generate them is with a Spatial Light Modulator (SLM); however, they are expensive devices and cannot be easily integrated...

Mechanical vibrations induced by electromagnetic forces during transformer operation can lead to winding deformation or failure, an issue responsible for over 12% of all transformer faults. While previous studies have predominantly relied on accelero...

This work presents a new family of aperiodic diffractive lenses based on the Baum–Sweet sequence. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a diffractive lens derived from this sequence. The study of their focusing properties re...

In this study, we demonstrate the generation and observation of noise-like pulses (NLPs) with unique pulsating characteristics in an ultrafast fiber laser. Furthermore, these NLPs display distinct periodic intensity modulation during temporal evoluti...

The vernier-effect-based sensitivity enhancement of two kinds of sensing units consisting of dual fiber Fabry-Pérot (FP) cavities in the Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry (OFDR) is analyzed in this paper. Theoretical analysis reveals that...

Collagen is the primary load-bearing component in connective tissues, and its organization dictates the biomechanical properties and functions of the tissue. Polarized light imaging has been an effective tool for characterizing collagen organization....

The development of reconfigurable photonic integrated circuits (PICs) demands photonic devices with high-efficiency tuning capabilities, yet conventional thermo-optic and electro-optic methods suffer from limited index modulation and excessive power...

Hemoglobin is a vital protein in the human body, and its deficiency leads to anemia. This condition reduces oxygen levels in red blood cells, which can be life-threatening. This paper presents the design of a novel optical fiber (OF) sensor for label...

Broadband absorption of electromagnetic energy plays an important role in energy harvesting and stealth. Here, we present and demonstrate an absorber with a wide bandwidth of 2.1 μm in mid-infrared. The trapezoidal metamaterial consists of alterna...

Conventional repeatered optical communication systems face inherent limitations in terms of reliability, flexibility in optical fiber configuration, and power supply modes, particularly when applied to large-scale cabled ocean observatories, which ha...

High-precision measurements of direct solar radiation spectra are crucial for the development of solar resources, climate change research, and agricultural applications. However, the current measurement systems all rely on a moving two-axis tracking...

The surface quality of optical components plays a decisive role in advanced imaging, precision manufacturing, and high-power laser systems, where even defects can induce abnormal scattering and degrade system performance. Addressing the limitations o...

Silicon photonics has emerged as a critical enabling technology for a diverse range of applications, from high-speed data communication and computing to advanced sensing and quantum information processing. This paper provides a comprehensive review o...

Although laser cavitation was discovered half a century ago, novel geometries and regimes to excite this effect have been vigorously explored during the past few decades. This research is driven by a variety of applications of laser cavitation in dem...

This study investigates the design and optimization of a free-space optical (FSO) wireless communication network employing high-altitude platforms (HAPs). The objective is to explore the parameters that affect the quality and viability of such a netw...

We propose a dual-groove few-mode fiber surface plasmon resonance sensor that exploits the LP₁₁ mode for enhanced plasmonic sensing. The device incorporates two physically separated grooves with distinct metallic coatings, enabling dual-channel opera...

Multimode waveguide Bragg gratings (MWBGs) provide significant advantages over traditional single-mode counterparts through their mode-coupling operations. Nevertheless, flexible spectral response design methodologies for MWBG-based filter remain les...

Imaging through dynamic scattering media remains a fundamental challenge because of severe information loss and the ill-posed nature of the inversion problem. Conventional methods often struggle to strike a balance between reconstruction fidelity and...

An ultra-compact 1310/1550 nm wavelength division (de)multiplexer based on a channel-shaped multimode interference structure was proposed and fabricated on an InP platform. The device has been simulated and optimized with a low insertion loss of 0.1...

The performance of the lighting system significantly impacts the efficiency and accuracy of the overall defect detection process in additive manufacturing. However, achieving both high optical efficiency and exceptional illuminance uniformity within...

Silicon carbide (SiC) is a representative wideband-gap semiconductor with remarkable properties, such as high breakdown field strength, high thermal conductivity, and high carrier saturation mobility. Meanwhile, single-photon emitters (SPEs) in SiC h...

Cellular senescence, a state of irreversible growth arrest in response to stress, plays a dual role in physiology and pathology. While essential for processes such as embryogenesis, wound healing, and tumor suppression, senescence also contributes to...

An advanced Dyson spectrometer is proposed that redesigns the Dyson prism to make the entire system coaxial and easy to implement for each subassembly, thus greatly enhancing optical design, optical processing, and system alignment. The design concep...

The visual performance and photobiological effects of white LED systems based on spectral compensation are discussed, specifically focusing on the total optical power, the ratio of scotopic vision luminous flux to photopic vision luminous flux (S/P),...

Waveguide-integrated electro-optical modulators play a crucial role in the design of new-generation photonic integrated circuits. The target of this paper is to demonstrate the potential offered by the association of graphene (Gr) and hydrogenated am...

This paper describes the new aspects to be taken into account in the calibration procedures for reflectance spectrophotometers used at the Central Office of Measures in Warsaw, Poland. The measurement set-up for the multi-angled characterization of t...

Fiber optic technologies have strong potential to augment and improve existing areas of sensor performance across many applications. Magnetic sensing, in particular, has attracted significant interest in structural health monitoring and ferromagnetic...

Accurate and efficient prediction of the spectral responses of metasurface unit cells is key to intelligent metasurface design. Here, we propose a Shape-integrated Dual-Spectrum-aware transformer (SiDSaT) for forward prediction of metasurface respons...

As extensions of circular symmetric vortex beams, elliptical vortex beams with more diverse field forms are worthy of attention. In this paper, we investigate the mode propagation characteristics of an elliptical perfect optical vortex (EPOV) beam in...

High-order linear polarization (LP) modes and vortex beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) are highly useful in various fields. High-order LP modes provide higher thresholds for nonlinear effects, reduced sensitivity to distortions, and bette...

The terahertz (THz) frequency range holds critical importance for next-generation, wireless communications and biomedical sensing applications. However, conventional metamaterial design approaches suffer from computationally intensive simulations and...

The paper reports on obtaining visually appealing images from opal matrices to artificial samples comprising regular packing of monodisperse silica globules. We show the images of iridescence, photoluminescence, and both of them simultaneously, excit...

This work proposes a highly sensitive optical sensor system that compensates for joint fragility by combining a flexible organic light-emitting diode (FOLED) with a stretchable light guide, and its performance was systematically evaluated. The develo...

This paper presents the design of an ultrabroadband solar absorber, developed using a metamaterial stack composed of only two materials, consisting of alternating layers of Cr and SiO₂. Starting with a Cr layer as the substrate, multiple pairs of Cr...

The safety of composite insulators in high-voltage transmission lines is directly related to the stable operation of the power system, which is a fundamental condition for the normal functioning of people’s lives and industrial production. Comp...

To address the issues of limited orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode count, poor transmission quality, and complex cladding structures in ring-core photonic crystal fibers, a novel OAM-supporting ring-core anti-resonant photonic crystal fiber is desi...

Bi-phasic (with a local minimum) response of fluorescence to scattering when probed by a single fiber (SF) was first observed in 2003. Subsequent experiments and Monte Carlo studies have shown the bi-phasic turning of SF fluorescence to occur at a di...

Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in microresonators offers a unique way to develop narrow-linewidth chip-scale lasers. Yet their coherence performance is hindered by the cascaded SBS process, which clamps the output power and broadens the fundam...

This paper presents a temperature-robust current-mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) driver (or CMVD) fabricated in a standard 180 nm CMOS process. While prior art relies on conventional current-mirror circuits for bias generation, th...

The current research on light transmission under rainfall conditions primarily focuses on monochromatic converging light sources, and the related conclusions cannot be directly applied to spherical continuous-spectrum light sources (SCLSs). Based on...

Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) photomask inspection is a critical step in semiconductor manufacturing, requiring high-resolution, high-throughput solutions to detect nanometer-scale defects. Traditional actinic imaging systems relying on complex optics ha...

High-order harmonic generation with mid-infrared laser fields has been considered the most promising method to produce soft X-rays attosecond pulses, which provides an important tool for probing the ultrafast electronic dynamics in atoms, molecules,...

Three-dimensional measurement of translucent objects using structured light techniques remained fundamentally challenging due to severe degradation of fringe patterns caused by subsurface scattering, which inevitably introduced phase errors and compr...

Although epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) media have emerged as a promising platform for power dividers, the majority of existing designs are confined to fixed power splitting. In this work, two dynamically tunable power dividers using waveguide ENZ media are...

Electro-optic modulators in the near-infrared spectrum are finding applications in atomic clocks, quantum sensing, quantum information processing, and high-precision measurement. We developed thin-film lithium niobate electro-optic modulators operati...

Secure communication for critical command nodes has emerged as a pivotal challenge in modern warfare, in particular considering the vulnerability of these nodes to electronic reconnaissance. To cope with the severe interference, this paper proposes a...