Applied Sciences, Volume 15, Issue 3

The implementation of predictive maintenance (PM) in aviation presents unique challenges due to strict safety requirements, complex operational environments, and regulatory constraints. This paper develops a comprehensive decision-making framework fo...

The main task of the operation of engineering structures is to ensure the stability of structures with aggressive external influences, which have a complex probabilistic nature. The reliable functioning of bridge structures requires the development a...

This paper proposes an enhanced contrastive ensemble learning method for anomaly sound detection. The proposed method achieves approximately 6% in the AUC metric in some categories and achieves state-of-the-art performance among self-supervised model...

Pavement design is influenced by traffic load, which affects its lifespan. Traditional methods classify traffic load into fixed traffic, fixed vehicle, variable traffic, and vehicle/axle loads. In fixed traffic, pavement thickness is based on the max...

Welfare refers to the state of happiness and well-being experienced by a person. Welfare robots can directly contribute to people’s happiness and well-being. Specific welfare robots include health promotion robots, rehabilitation robots, assist...

Bearings play a crucial role in mitigating loads, maintaining stability, and transferring forces between superstructures and substructures. However, bearing failures caused by external factors can compromise structural safety. Therefore, continuous m...

The optimal allocation of buffers is an important research issue in the area of manufacturing system design and optimization, as buffers can have a large impact on system performance. In this study, we consider one of the most common buffer allocatio...

Hydrophone is a key component of marine seismic exploration systems, divided into a scalar hydrophone and vector hydrophone. The electrochemical vector hydrophone has attracted much attention due to its high sensitivity and low-frequency detection ca...

This study investigates key parameters and applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in predicting the total cost of ownership (TCO) for chilled water plants (CWPs). Forecasting the TCO of CWPs is challenging due to the diverse and dynamic factors...

This paper presents an innovative approach to improving visible light communication (VLC) systems in total shadowing conditions by integrating intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs), angle diversity receivers (ADRs), and recurrent neural networks (RN...

The aim of this study is to review and identify H₂ storage suitability in geological reservoirs of the Republic of Lithuania. Notably, Lithuania can store clean H₂ effectively and competitively because of its wealth of resources and well-established...

The increasing use of large glass surfaces in modern architecture requires robust adhesive solutions that balance aesthetic appeal with structural resilience, particularly in timber–glass applications. This study examines the influence of prime...

This study addresses the issue of atmospheric delay correction for the rational polynomial coefficient (RPC) model associated with spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery under conditions lacking ephemeris data, proposing a novel approach t...

There has been growing interest in understanding the injury profiles of young female soccer players due to their increasing participation in the sport and the unique risk factors they face. This narrative review examines the incidence, mechanisms, an...

Classroom dialogue analysis is crucial as it significantly impacts both knowledge transmission and teacher–student interactions. Since the inception of classroom analysis research, traditional methods such as manual transcription and coding hav...

Traditional numerical association rule mining optimization algorithms have limitations in handling discrete attributes, and they are susceptible to becoming trapped in local optima, uneven population distribution, and poor convergence. To address the...

The quad-helix and W-arch are commonly used appliances for expanding the dental arch in orthodontic treatment. However, differences in performance between these two expanders remain unclear, and no guidelines exist for selecting one over the other. T...

In this work, we demonstrate the co-catalytic modification of ZnO films via the photodeposition of palladium (Pd) to enhance the photocatalytic degradation of doxycycline (DC). Pristine ZnO films were synthesized using a sol–gel method and depo...

To address the impact of load variations, external environmental changes, and the tuning of the parameters on Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs) used in ships, this study proposes an Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) strategy for P...

Historical tempera paints exposed to pollutant gases suffer chemical and mineralogical deterioration which manifests through physical changes. Knowledge about these changes is fundamental to develop strategies for preventive conservation of wall pain...

Flapping flight is an important mode of insect flight, and its unique flapping motion pattern enables it to fly efficiently in complex environments. This paper takes a biomimetic moth flapping-wing aircraft as the research object and proposes a perio...

Computer-assisted grading plays an important role in an educational context, mainly by reducing the workload of teachers in manual scoring. While electronic choice surveys have long been used in many web applications, automatic scoring of open-ended...

Low-light image enhancement is crucial for accurately interpreting images captured under low-lighting conditions. Existing low-light enhancement methods based on diffusion models have demonstrated effectiveness; however, they suffer from slow trainin...

This study presents the development and validation of a complex-valued neural network model to predict wave conditions—such as wave direction, height, and period—surrounding floating structures. Accurate wave predictions are crucial for o...

This study analyzes the distribution of operating costs along the value chain of an open-pit copper mine with a focus on key operational units or operations such as drilling, blasting, loading, hauling, stockpiling, blending, crushing, milling, and f...

N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA) is a key ingredient in bird’s nest, as well as in health products and infant formulas. However, the absence of suitable reference materials (RMs) makes it challenging to ensure the quality of these products. Curre...

Predicting customer churn is essential for telecommunications companies to maintain profitability. However, training models on historical models leads to performance degradation when they are applied to future conditions—a phenomenon known as c...

As Information and Communication Technology (ICT) systems become increasingly complex, the need for adaptable and efficient security certification frameworks grows. This paper introduces a flexible security evaluation methodology designed to serve as...

Supersonic vacuum generators, or ejectors, operate pneumatically to extract air from tanks in industrial applications. A key performance metric for ejectors is the Total Evacuation Time (TET), which measures the time required to reach minimum pressur...

With the advancement of space exploration and optical communication toward deep space, the high-precision evaluation and image stabilization of space optical payloads under micro-vibration have become increasingly critical. To address these challenge...

Since fan blades are exposed to fatigue, and in some cases harsh loading conditions, they may exhibit fracture failures due to crack propagation, resulting in significant losses. Previous studies of crack propagation in blades are mainly confined to...

In decentralized scenarios without fully trustable parties (e.g., in mobile edge computing or IoT environments), the shuffle model has recently emerged as a promising paradigm for differentially private federated learning. Despite many efforts of pri...

This paper is concerned with the problem of assigning, in a physically transparent way, value to automotive transport services and their related environmental impacts. We discuss the idea that the transport value of an automotive service can be measu...

Complete fractures of the third metacarpal bone (MC III) diaphysis pose a significant clinical challenge, prompting advanced veterinary medicine to utilize constitutive and biomechanical modeling to better understand bone behavior. This study aims to...

This research aims to assess the readiness of professionals working in offices to accept robots as co-workers, and to provide insight for robot developers and organizations in promoting robot acceptance. This study investigates the acceptance of robo...

Objective: This study provides a comprehensive global overview of surgical instrument traceability systems and accentuates their growing importance in healthcare. Background: Surgical instruments pose risks to patient safety, economic costs, logistic...

Background: Accurate reconstruction and quantification in the post-therapy SPECT/CT imaging of ¹⁶⁶Ho microspheres for hepatic malignancies is crucial for treatment evaluation. This present study aimed to explore the impact of the OSEM reconstruction...

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a disease that significantly increases cardiovascular risk. Although cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of death in SLE patients, the correlation between SLE and heart failure (HF) remains unex...

The wind-induced response of structures is typically studied in wind tunnels either on scaled models or using numerical approaches under similar transient load conditions. In early design phases—where the potential for impactful change is most...

Fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) has become increasingly important in recent decades due to its superior mechanical properties, especially flexural strength and toughness, compared to normal concrete. FRC has also received significant attention becaus...

Predicting driver injury severity and identifying factors influencing crash outcomes are crucial for developing effective traffic safety measures. This study focuses on estimating driver injury severity (uninjured, injured, or killed) and determining...

The growing integration of renewable energy sources, particularly photovoltaic (PV) and wind power, presents challenges such as reduced system inertia and increased susceptibility to inter-area oscillations. These issues, coupled with stricter regula...

The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between vertical ground reaction force (VGRF) and acceleration from wearable inertial measurement units (IMUs) during single-leg drop landing after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (A...

This study primarily focuses on the analysis of volatile organic compounds using GC–MS, with ICP-MS employed as a complementary method to quantify trace metal content. Headspace GC–MS was conducted to detect alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEOs...

Objective: The complexity of software systems, with their multifaceted functionalities and intricate source code structures, poses significant challenges for developers in identifying and resolving bugs. This study aims to address these challenges by...

In the present work, a study of the structural defects in HfO₂ thin films deposited by dip-coating on p-type silicon substrates treated under different conditions, such as air-annealing, ultraviolet irradiation, and simultaneous annealing–UV ir...

Football players, particularly in youth leagues, face a high risk of lower limb injuries due to improper movement patterns. While programs like FIFA 11+ help reduce injuries, they lack real-time, personalized feedback for biomechanical correction. Th...

Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages globally, with Americans averaging 3.1 cups per day. However, before coffee beans can be brewed into a drinkable form, they undergo several critical stages, including harvesting, processing, roastin...

Plyometric training is known to improve jump height in volleyball, but few studies address athletes’ perception and awareness of its benefits. This gap limits its full potential for enhancing performance. This study examines young non-elite vol...

Timeouts are a widely supported strategy in the literature, recognized for directly influencing team performance during basketball games. This study aimed to analyze and define the successful patterns of actions after timeouts (ATOs) during critical...