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Lubricants
Volume 13
Issue 7
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Lubricants, Volume 13, Issue 7 (July 2025) – 2 articles

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23 pages, 4779 KiB  
Article
Ti-C and CFs Work Together to Enhance the Comprehensive Tribological Properties of PTFE-Based Composites for the Manufacture of Wave Glider Power Shafts
by Angang Yan, Xingju Yao, Yuan Wei, Qianjian Guo, Yulong Wang, Wuqiang Tang and Xian Xu
Lubricants 2025, 13(7), 277; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants13070277 - 20 Jun 2025
Abstract
Wave gliders’ power system shafts face complex conditions. To enhance their operational stability, it is crucial to study PTFE, a polymer material that could replace traditional metals. This study added carbon fiber (CF), titanium carbide (Ti-C), and both to a PTFE matrix. The [...] Read more.
Wave gliders’ power system shafts face complex conditions. To enhance their operational stability, it is crucial to study PTFE, a polymer material that could replace traditional metals. This study added carbon fiber (CF), titanium carbide (Ti-C), and both to a PTFE matrix. The impact of seawater immersion on water absorption and the mechanical properties was examined, as well as friction and wear characteristics under constant amplitude cyclic (CAC) loading and seawater lubrication. The results indicated that while Ti-C boosts PTFE matrix hardness, its poor binding with the PTFE matrix leads to high water absorption in Ti-C/PTFE (PTFE-3), causing a significant decrease in the mechanical properties post-immersion and poor friction and wear performance. In contrast, CFs and the PTFE matrix have good interfacial bonding and greatly improve the resistance of the PTFE matrix to cyclic loading and seawater immersion. Therefore, CF/PTFE (PTFE-2) shows good mechanical and tribological properties. Moreover, incorporating a certain amount of CFs into Ti-C enhances its adhesion to the PTFE matrix, reducing the occurrence three-body wear and allowing Ti-C to fully utilize its high hardness. Thus, the combination of Ti-C and CFs markedly improves PTFE’s mechanical and tribological properties under cyclic loading and in seawater. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tribology of Polymeric Composites)
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24 pages, 9695 KiB  
Article
Investigation of Microstructural, Mechanical, and Tribological Properties of TiC and MWCNT Reinforced Hot-Pressed Scalmalloy® Hybrid Composites
by Taha Alper Yilmaz
Lubricants 2025, 13(7), 276; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants13070276 - 20 Jun 2025
Abstract
In this study, hybrid composite materials were fabricated using a Scalmalloy® matrix with fixed multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT, 0.8%) content and varying titanium carbide (TiC; 5%, 10%, 15%) reinforcements via the hot-pressing method. Unlike conventional approaches in the literature that utilize additive [...] Read more.
In this study, hybrid composite materials were fabricated using a Scalmalloy® matrix with fixed multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT, 0.8%) content and varying titanium carbide (TiC; 5%, 10%, 15%) reinforcements via the hot-pressing method. Unlike conventional approaches in the literature that utilize additive manufacturing, this research presents the first successful production of Scalmalloy®-based hybrid composites through a traditional powder metallurgy method. This method enabled the development of a more homogeneous and equiaxed microstructure. The composites were characterized using SEM, EDS, MAP, and XRD analyses, along with density and microhardness measurements. Mechanical performance was evaluated through Vickers hardness and transverse rupture strength (TRS) tests, while dry sliding wear behavior was examined in detail. The hardness of the 15% TiC + 0.8% MWCNT-reinforced composite increased from 87 HV to 181 HV (a 108% improvement), and TRS increased from 354 MPa to 545 MPa (a 54% improvement). Additionally, wear surface examinations showed that as the reinforcement ratio increased, the severity of surface damage decreased and abrasive wear mechanisms became more dominant. These findings demonstrate that hybrid reinforcement with TiC and MWCNT significantly enhances both mechanical and tribological performance, offering a promising alternative to additive manufacturing for Scalmalloy®-based composite production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tribological and Mechanical Characteristics of Aluminum Metal Matrix Composites and Their Applications)
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