Diagnostics, Volume 13, Issue 13

Human body fluids are rich sources of cell-free nuclear material, which exhibits unique characteristics [...]

Background: The implications of gastroesophageal reflux disease in respiratory tract infections have been investigated over time. The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship between these two pathologic entities and the outcome after proper...

One of the hallmarks of cancer is metabolic reprogramming, including high levels of aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect). Pyruvate is a product of glucose metabolism, and ¹³C-MR imaging of the metabolism of hyperpolarized (HP) [1-¹³C]pyruvate (HP...

A common infectious disease, otitis media (OM) has a low rate of early diagnosis, which significantly increases the difficulty of treating the disease and the likelihood of serious complications developing including hearing loss, speech impairment, a...

Artificial intelligence is highly regarded as the most promising future technology that will have a great impact on healthcare across all specialties. Its subsets, machine learning, deep learning, and artificial neural networks, are able to automatic...

⁶⁸Ga-DOTATOC PET could be a noninvasive, highly sensitive, and specific technique for the challenging diagnosis of optic nerve sheath meningioma (ONSM). Our objective was to report the use and results of ⁶⁸Ga-DOTATOC PET in suspected ONSM. Twelve sub...

Chikungunya (CHIK) is a debilitating mosquito-borne disease with an epidemiology and early clinical symptoms similar to those of other arboviruses-triggered diseases such as dengue or Zika. Accurate and rapid diagnosis of CHIK virus (CHIKV) infection...

This Special Issue of Diagnostics entitled “Advances in CT Images” provides an interesting selection of articles on recent technical developments in CT imaging with a special focus on spectral imaging, including dual-energy CT (DECT) and...

A severe mismatch between the supply and demand of oxygen is the common sequela of all types of shock, which present a mortality of up to 80%. Various organs play a protective role in shock and contribute to whole-body homeostasis. The ever-increasin...

Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) comprise a rather heterogeneous group of diseases varying in pathophysiology, presentation, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Even though they have been recognized for several years, there are still a...

Bone Scan Index (BSI) is an image biomarker for quantifying bone metastasis of cancers. To compute BSI, not only the hotspots (metastasis) but also the bones have to be segmented. Most related research focus on binary classification in bone scintigra...

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) is the second most common malignant neoplasm of the liver. In spite of the increasing incidence worldwide, it is relatively rare in Western countries. IHCC is relatively common in Eastern and Southeastern Asia....

(1) Background: The current diagnostic algorithm for acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is associated with the overuse of CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA). An additional highly specific blood test could potentially lower the proportion of patients with sus...

(1): Background: With the recent introduction of vesical imaging reporting and data system (VI-RADS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become the main imaging method used for the preoperative local staging of bladder cancer (BCa). However, the VI...

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) interacts with tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) to promote neuronal growth, survival, differentiation, neurotransmitter release, and synaptic plasticity. The translocator protein (TSPO) is known to be found...

The scoring systems for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) criteria require several adequate cutoff values, vary, and are complicated. Accordingly, a simpler and quicker diagnostic method for DIC is needed. Under such circumstances, soluble...

The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) code is a diagnostic classification standard that is frequently used as a referencing system in healthcare and insurance. However, it takes time and effort to find and use the right diagnosis code ba...

Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) can improve the differentiation of material by using two different X-ray energy spectra, and may provide new imaging techniques to diagnostic radiology to overcome the limitations of conventional CT in character...

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is characterized by its diverse histopathological features, which pose possible challenges to accurate diagnosis and prognosis. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to explore recent advancements in the field of...

The most common malignancy in women is breast cancer, and the second one is colon cancer. Synchronous breast and colon cancers are rare. Here, we reported a 60-year-old woman with a left breast mass for six months. Biopsy revealed an invasive ductal...

Osteoporosis is a common musculoskeletal disorder among the elderly and a chronic condition which, like many other chronic conditions, requires long-term clinical management. It is caused by many factors, including lifestyle and obesity. Bioelectrica...

Mutations in genes can alter their DNA patterns, and by recognizing these mutations, many carcinomas can be diagnosed in the progression stages. The human body contains many hidden and enigmatic features that humankind has not yet fully understood. A...

In the original publication [...]

Despite the acceptance of carotid ultrasound for predicting patients’ fluid responsiveness in critical care and anesthesia, its efficacy for predicting hypotension and fluid responsiveness remains unclear in the perioperative setting. Electroni...

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common and aggressive histological type of cancer in this location. Distant metastases are present in approximately 30% of patients at the time of first examination. Therefore, the ability to predic...

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is an autosomal recessive disorder that results from the dysfunction of motile cilia, which can cause chronic upper and lower respiratory infections leading to bronchiectasis. However, there is a need for additional t...

In a few cases, postmortem computed tomography angiography (PMCTA) is effective in postmortem detection of cortical artery rupture causing subdural hematoma (SDH), which is difficult to detect at autopsy. Here, we explore the usefulness and limitatio...

Adaptive optics provides improved resolution in ophthalmic imaging when retinal microstructures need to be identified, counted, and mapped. In general, multiple images are averaged to improve the signal-to-noise ratio or analyzed for temporal dynamic...

Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a rare inherited autosomic disorder, which encompasses a variety of systemic manifestations caused by mutations in the Fibrillin-1 encoding gene (FBN1). Cardinal clinical phenotypes of MFS are highly variable in terms of seve...

Prostate cancer (PCa) faces great challenges in early diagnosis, which often leads not only to unnecessary, invasive procedures, but to over-diagnosis and treatment as well, thus highlighting the need for modern PCa diagnostic techniques. The review...

Difficulty in detecting tumours in early stages is the major cause of mortalities in patients, despite the advancements in treatment and research regarding ovarian cancer. Deep learning algorithms were applied to serve the purpose as a diagnostic too...

Bed bugs, Cimex lectularius, and C. hemipterus are among the most common ectoparasites in human life worldwide. They feed on humans of all ages and sexes across all socioeconomic levels. Bed bugs’ blood feeding is responsible for a wide range o...

Cell counting in fluorescence microscopy is an essential task in biomedical research for analyzing cellular dynamics and studying disease progression. Traditional methods for cell counting involve manual counting or threshold-based segmentation, whic...

We compared the image quality of abdominopelvic single-energy CT with 100 kVp (SECT-100 kVp) and dual-energy CT with 65 keV (DECT-65 keV) obtained with customized injection protocols to standard abdominopelvic CT scans (SECT-120 kVp) with fixed volum...

Primary infection with the Omicron variant of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can be serologically identified with distinct profiles of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs), as indicated by high titers against the Omicron vari...

Acute heart failure (AHF) is a life-threatening condition with high morbidity and mortality. Even though this pathology has been extensively researched, there are still challenges in establishing an accurate and early diagnosis, determining the long-...

This paper presents a combined optical imaging/artificial intelligence (OI/AI) technique for the real-time analysis of tissue morphology at the tip of the biopsy needle, prior to collecting a biopsy specimen. This is an important clinical problem as...

Background: This retrospective study aimed to combine the clinical signs, laboratory values, and ultrasound images of 199 children with acute appendicitis in order to create a new predictive score for complicated appendicitis in children. Methods: Th...

In recent years, the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) has become one of the leading causes of death around the world. Accurate stenosis detection of coronary arteries is crucial for timely treatment. Cardiologists use visual estimations wh...

Dr. Kocsmár and Dr. Lotz have made important comments [...]

Background: Many efforts have been made to improve accuracy and sensitivity in diagnosing chronic pancreatitis (CP), obtaining quantitative assessments related to functional data. Our purpose was to correlate a computer-assisted analysis of pancreati...

Neonatal diabetes mellitus is a rare genetic disease that affects 1 in 90,000 live births. The start of the disease is often before the baby is 6 months old, with rare cases of onset between 6 months and 1 year. It is characterized by low or absent i...

Background: Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures must be evaluated for their discriminatory, evaluative, and predictive properties. However, the predictive capability remains unclear. We aimed to examine the predictive properties of several PRO me...

Ultrasound imaging is the first-line investigation for patients with abdominal symptoms, as it effectively depicts the gastrointestinal tract and enables the diagnosis of multiple pathological conditions. Among different recent ultrasound technologic...

(1) The degree of cytoreduction achieved during primary debulking surgery (PDS) is an important prognostic factor for the survival of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Our aim was to investigate the prognostic value of preoperative labor...

Accumulative evidence suggests metabolic disorders correlate with prostate cancer. Metabolic profiling of urine allows the measurement of numerous metabolites simultaneously. This study set up a metabolomic platform consisting of UPLC-FTMS and UPLC-i...

Introduction: Large rectal lesions can conceal submucosal invasion and cancer nodules. Despite the increasing diffusion of high-definition endoscopes and the importance of an accurate morphological evaluation, a complete assessment in this setting ca...

This comprehensive review explores the genetic contributions to endometriosis and their potential impact on improving diagnostic techniques. The review begins by defining endometriosis and discussing its prevalence, emphasizing the need for a deeper...

Cancer, including the highly dangerous melanoma, is marked by uncontrolled cell growth and the possibility of spreading to other parts of the body. However, the conventional approach to machine learning relies on centralized training data, posing cha...

Lung ultrasound (LU) is increasingly used to diagnose and monitor neonatal pulmonary disorders; however, its role in hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) has not been elucidated. This prospective study investigated the predict...