Diagnostics, Volume 13, Issue 12

PURPOSE: To implement the technical feasibility of an AI-based software prototype optimized for the detection of COVID-19 pneumonia in CT datasets of the lung and the differentiation between other etiologies of pneumonia. METHODS: This single-center...

A universal calibrator for the determination of all anti-Xa inhibitors would support laboratory processes. We aimed to test the clinical performance of an anti-Xa assay utilizing a universal edoxaban calibrator to determine clinically relevant concen...

The association between intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) and extra-pancreatic malignancies is controversial. This cross-sectional study compared esophagogastroduodenal findings in 340 IPMN patients to those of age- and gender-matched...

Insufficient postural control and trunk instability are serious concerns in children with cerebral palsy (CP). We implemented a predictive model to identify factors associated with postural impairments such as spastic or hypotonic truncal tone (TT) i...

Angiosarcoma is a soft tissue sarcoma of vascular origin, with more than half of the cases arising in the skin and affecting primarily the face and scalp of elderly males. Furthermore, cutaneous angiosarcoma exhibits a higher incidence of lymph node...

Chest X-ray has verified its role as a crucial tool in COVID-19 assessment due to its practicability, especially in emergency units, and Brixia score has proven as a useful tool for COVID-19 pneumonia grading. The aim of our study was to investigate...

Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that affects the lungs. It is the single largest infectious disease that kills children worldwide. According to a 2019 World Health Organization survey, pneumonia caused 740,180 deaths in children under 5 y...

Despite the widespread use of titanium implants in orthopedic and dental surgeries, concerns have recently emerged regarding potential deformations and fractures after osseointegration. In a recent clinical case, a titanium implant fractured after su...

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia is a type of cancer that occurs when abnormal white blood cells are produced in the bone marrow which do not function properly, crowding out healthy cells and weakening the immunity of the body and thus its ability to resis...

Cross-sectional imaging of the upper abdomen, especially if intravenous contrast has been administered, will most likely reveal any acute or chronic disease harbored in the spleen. Unless imaging is performed with the specific purpose of evaluating t...

Opportunistic osteoporosis screening using multidetector CT-scans (MDCT) and convolutional neural network (CNN)-derived segmentations of the spine to generate volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) bears the potential to improve incidental osteoporot...

Growth-hormone (GH)- and prolactin (PRL)-secreting PitNETs (pituitary neuroendocrine tumors) are divided into multiple histological subtypes, which determine their clinical and biological variable behavior. Proliferation markers alone have a question...

Today, coronary artery disease (CAD) continues to be a prominent cause of death worldwide. A reliable assessment of coronary stenosis represents a prerequisite for the appropriate management of CAD. Nevertheless, there are still major challenges pert...

This article describes the technical principles and clinical applications of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) in the context of cardiothoracic imaging with a focus on current developments and techniques. Since the introduction of DECT, differen...

We aimed to explore the feasibility of 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for patients undergoing thoracic aorta endovascular repair (TEVAR). We retrospectively evaluated ten patients (two female), with a mean (±standard deviation) age o...

Introduction: Prior to the emergence of COVID-19, when influenza was the predominant cause of viral respiratory tract infections (VRTIs), this study aimed to analyze the distinct biological abnormalities associated with influenza in outpatient settin...

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is a gender autoimmune disease that is manifested by chronic inflammation of the thyroid. Clinical trial studies (CTSs) use molecular biotechnologies (MB) to approach HT appearance. The aims of this study were to an...

Mucosal healing (MH) is the main treatment target in ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease, and it is defined by the combination of complete endoscopic and histologic remission. The complete resolution of mucosal inflammation should be co...

We conducted this Systematic Review to create an overview of the currently existing Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods for Magnetic Resonance Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI)/Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR)—mismatch assessment and...

Transfer learning has gained importance in areas where there is a labeled data shortage. However, it is still controversial as to what extent natural image datasets as pre-training sources contribute scientifically to success in different fields, suc...

The applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in dementia research have garnered significant attention, prompting the planning of various research endeavors in current and future studies. The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive o...

We present a case of a child who was transported to the Neurosurgery Clinic from another hospital for the purpose of performing a surgical procedure of the spinal myelomeningocele. On the first day of the stay, a set of tests was performed, including...

Early diagnosis of medical conditions in infants is crucial for ensuring timely and effective treatment. However, infants are unable to verbalize their symptoms, making it difficult for healthcare professionals to accurately diagnose their conditions...

Osteosarcoma is the most common type of bone cancer that tends to occur in teenagers and young adults. Due to crowded context, inter-class similarity, inter-class variation, and noise in H&E-stained (hematoxylin and eosin stain) histology tissue,...

Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is a major cause of blindness in premature infants. This study aimed to evaluate the association between inflammatory markers and ROP development in extremely premature and very premature neonates and identify potenti...

Aortic stenosis (AS) can often coexist with other valvular diseases or be combined with aortic regurgitation (AR), leading to unique pathophysiological conditions. The combination of affected valves can vary widely, resulting in a lack of standardize...

Background: Juvenile systemic sclerosis (jSSc) is a systemic inflammatory and fibrotic autoimmune disease. Adult guidelines recommend obtaining a screening high-resolution computed tomography scan (CT) at diagnosis. As these recommendations are adopt...

Rectal cancers are often considered a distinct disease from colon cancers as their survival and management are different. Particularly, the risk for local recurrence (LR) is greater than in colon cancer. There are many factors predisposing to LR such...

Our objective is to present an exceptional case of a patient diagnosed with Paget’s disease of the bone (PDB) while being confirmed with Lynch syndrome (LS). A 44-year-old woman was admitted for progressive pain in the left forearm 2 years ago,...

Novel techniques, such as microwave imaging, have been implemented in different prototypes and are under clinical validation, especially for breast cancer detection, due to their harmless technology and possible clinical advantages over conventional...

Subacromial Impingement Syndrome (SAIS) is a common shoulder condition characterized by pain and functional impairment. Proprioception, the sense of joint position and movement, is crucial in maintaining joint stability and coordinating movements. Th...

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a condition that endangers the lives of many Intensive Care Unit patients through gradual reduction of lung function. Due to its heterogeneity, this condition has been difficult to diagnose and treat, alt...

There is a lot of evidence that early developmental therapy achieves impressive therapeutic results for those who require it. Therefore, developmental follow-up, which includes the process of monitoring the child’s development over time, makes...

The oral transmission of HPV and, consequently, the risk of oral cancer has increased in the last years. Oral sex has often been implicated among the risk factors for oral HPV infections, however, there is still no consensus on these topics, nor on t...

Emotion recognition becomes an important aspect in the development of human-machine interaction (HMI) systems. Positive emotions impact our lives positively, whereas negative emotions may cause a reduction in productivity. Emotionally intelligent sys...

A brain tumor is a significant health concern that directly or indirectly affects thousands of people worldwide. The early and accurate detection of brain tumors is vital to the successful treatment of brain tumors and the improved quality of life of...

Lung cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer in the world, and surgery is an integral part of the treatment for spinal metastases. The aims of this retrospective study were to assess the overall survival of surgically treated patients a...

Depression is increasingly prevalent, leading to higher suicide risk. Depression detection and sentimental analysis of text inputs in cross-domain frameworks are challenging. Solo deep learning (SDL) and ensemble deep learning (EDL) models are not ro...

It has been validated beyond doubt that High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) chest and to some extent chest radiographs have a role in corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19). Much less is known about the role of lung ultrasonography (LUS) in COVID-...

This study aimed to investigate the clinical implications and prognostic value of artificial intelligence (AI)-based results for chest radiographs (CXR) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Patients who were admitted due to COVID-19 from...

FGFR fusions retaining the FGFR kinase domain are active kinases that are either overexpressed or constitutively activated throughout diverse cancer types. The presence of FGFR translocations enhances tumor cell proliferation and contributes to signi...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) lineages are a devastating clinical and public health issue. Data on local lineage profiles are limited. We report on the frequency of community-acquired and hospital-acquired cases (CA-MRSA, HA-MRSA...

This paper investigates the use of machine learning algorithms to aid medical professionals in the detection and risk assessment of diabetes. The research employed a dataset gathered from individuals with type 2 diabetes in Ninh Binh, Vietnam. A vari...

Cases with low level JAK2 V617F mutations are increasingly detected; however, the clinical interpretation of the low allele JAK2 burden may be challenging. The aim of this study is to analyze and compare the bone marrow morphology and peripheral bloo...

This paper discusses the importance of investigating DR using machine learning and a computational method to rank DR risk factors by importance using different machine learning models. The dataset was collected from four large population-based studie...

Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is a risk factor associated with endometriosis. Our study aimed to analyze the risk of endometriosis in women with a LBW history and the relationships of progesterone receptor B (PR-B) gene promoter methylation, DNA...

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide, with a high socioeconomic impact. Currently, various guidelines and recommendations have been published about chronic coronary syndromes (CCS). According t...

Multiple myeloma generally occurs in older adults, with the clonal proliferation of plasma cells and accumulation of monoclonal protein resulting in a broad range of clinical manifestations and complications, including hypercalcemia, renal dysfunctio...

Medical data plays an essential role in several applications in the medical field [...]

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has an extremely poor prognosis, with a survival rate of less than 10% [...]