Cancers, Volume 17, Issue 16

Carcinomas originate from polarized epithelia, displaying luminal and basal orientations with distinct biological properties. Regardless of tissue of origin, many carcinomas show luminal or basal traits that are reflected in molecular profiles and ar...

Background/Objectives: Complete mesocolic excision (CME) has recently been proposed as a radical operation for the treatment of colon cancer. Increasing evidence suggests a survival benefit from this operation, although the exact reasons for this rem...

Introduction: Postoperative pain management is complex and crucial in major gynecology oncological surgery. Currently, there is no well-defined standardized approach, resulting in significant variability in practices worldwide. This systematic review...

Background/Objectives: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, with high rates of distant metastasis. While circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are the disseminatory units of metastasis and are indicative of a poor prognosis, CTC he...

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of whole-body hyperthermia (WBH) in cancer patients, identifying predictive factors for successful treatment (reaching target temperature ≥ 38.5 °C) and assessing adverse effect...

Background: Circulating miRNAs have been identified as potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis and monitoring of cancers. However, limitations of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods are currently delaying the transition of miRNA resear...

Background/Objectives: Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death driven by lipid peroxidation and holds promise as a therapeutic strategy against cancers with elevated iron metabolism. However, many tumors evade ferroptosis throug...

Background: Inter-rater reliability is critical in oncology to ensure consistent and reliable measurements across raters and methods, such as when evaluating biomarker levels in different laboratories or comparing tumor size assessments by radiation...

(1) Background: The presence of metastatic disease significantly increases the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in breast cancer, particularly during chemotherapy. Although not categorized as a highly thrombogenic malignancy, the elevated global...

Background/Objectives: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) diagnosis and treatment rely heavily on computed tomography (CT) imaging to evaluate tumor characteristics and lymph node (LN) involvement, crucial for staging, prognosis, and thera...

Background/Objectives: This study investigates genomic alterations (GA) between NPM1-mutated (NPM1mut) and wild-type (NPM1wt) acute myeloid leukemia (AML), aiming to better understand the AML genomic profile. NPM1mut AML represents a distinct clinica...

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the precision of dose delivery to the target in adaptive carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) in cumulative dosimetry. Methods: Forty-six patients who receive...

Background/Objectives: MR-guided radiation therapy (MRgRT) has rapidly evolved into an important treatment modality, with the Elekta Unity and ViewRay MRIdian systems being two major MR-linac platforms. Despite the shared concept of MRgRT, the two pl...

Introduction/Background: Patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) with pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy (NCRT) are a privileged group because of the favorable progression of their disease. However,...

(1) Background: Response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is a key prognostic indicator in breast cancer. However, current response evaluation methods rely on histopathological assessment after surgery, delaying opportunities for early treatment ada...

Background: The relationship between occupational sun exposure and melanoma risk is complex and multifaceted, with existing evidence yielding contradictory findings. Unlike Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC), for which occupational sun exposure is a wel...

Background/Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of lymph node density (LND) and the log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS) in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) using a nationwide database. Methods: A...

Background: High-risk chromosomal abnormalities (HRCAs) detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) have a well-established adverse prognostic impact in multiple myeloma (MM). It is increasingly recognized that the coexistence of two or mor...

Maximal safe surgical resection remains a critical component of glioblastoma (GBM) management, improving both survival and quality of life. However, complete tumor removal is hindered by the infiltrative nature of GBM and its proximity to eloquent br...

Background: Accurate and timely molecular testing in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is mandatory for targeted therapies and improved outcomes. Real-world obstacles, including geographic distance from specialized lung cancer services...

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumour, associated with poor survival outcomes and significant clinical challenges. Conventional diagnostic methods, including MRI, CT, and histopathological an...

Background/Objectives: We aim to provide pooled data on the safety and efficacy of Transvaginal Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic (vNOTES) right colectomy. Methods: This systematic review was conducted according to the Cochrane Handbook and the...

Background: Many cancer cell lines, such as Hepa 1-6 (liver), A549 (lung), Hela (cervical), and MCF7 (breast), do not overexpress tyrosinase, an enzyme needed to activate the prodrug quercetin into its active form, o-quinone. In addition, these cance...

Background: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has proven effective in controlling spinal lesions with minimal toxicity, primarily due to its ability to limit spinal cord dose. Recent advances in MR-linac (MRL) technology offer superior spina...

Background/Objectives: Advances in endometrial cancer treatment, such as minimally invasive surgery and the introduction of targeted therapies, could influence survivorship and result in changes in issues experienced by survivors of endometrial cance...

Background/Objectives: Cancer remains a major global health challenge, with RNA modifications increasingly recognized as key regulators of tumor progression. However, integrated pan-cancer analyses across multiple modification types are limited. Meth...

Whilst typically benign, a subset of meningiomas displays aggressive and recurrent behavior. There is a paucity of reliable treatment options for this subset of patients and a relative lack of consensus on how to best manage these patients. This clin...

Background: BAP1 mutation carriers are predisposed to the development of mesothelioma. In mice, there is limited data and controversy about whether germline Bap1 heterozygous mutations alone cause mesothelioma. However, a marked increase in mesotheli...

Background: EphA2 is a receptor tyrosine kinase that contributes to tumor growth and metastasis and has been identified as a viable target for many solid cancers. Investigating EphA2’s impact on the host immune system may advance our understand...

Background/Objectives: Flow cytometric analysis of cellular DNA content has prognostic importance in ovarian cancer and its measurement could contribute to clinical practice. The aim of this study was to compare serous cystadenoma and serous cystaden...

Background: Gastric cancer is increasingly being diagnosed at early stages, enabling the application of curative oncological and surgical approaches. With the growing adoption of minimally invasive techniques, robotic surgery is gaining increasing pr...

Chondrosarcomas (CSs) are generally slow-growing tumors of cartilage-producing cells, and the second most common primary bone malignancy following osteosarcoma. CSs are typically resistant to conventional chemo- and radiotherapy, and aggressive surgi...

Background/Objectives: The clinical, histopathological, and dermoscopic features may be associated with melanoma mutational status. The aims of the study were to assess the clinical, histopathological, and dermoscopic features of melanoma to identify...

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor characterized by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), which contributes to treatment resistance and disease progression. Background: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), comprising both re...

In a recent multicenter analysis of 454 patients undergoing post-prostatectomy salvage radiotherapy, the open surgical approach, as opposed to minimally invasive surgery, emerged, unexpectedly, as the strongest predictor of acute gastrointestinal and...

Background: Targeting tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) is a promising immunotherapy for cancers, but current strategies are limited due to strategic caveats. PU.1 is a transcription factor required for macrophage generation and differentiation. To...

Background/Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted cancer diagnosis and treatment. This study assessed the effects of the pandemic on the stage and delays between diagnosis and treatment in endometrial cancer. Methods: The study included 543 c...

Introduction: Historically, approximately 30–32% of uveal melanoma patients develop metastases and die within 5 years. Larger tumor dimensions and monosomy 3 and/or Class 2 gene expression profile of the tumor are associated with an increased r...

Introduction: Lung cancer imposes a substantial economic burden on patients, healthcare systems, and societies due to its high prevalence and costs associated with diagnosis, treatment, and palliative care. Comorbidities in lung cancer patients can f...

Objectives: Despite advancements in molecular-targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors, the survival rate of patients with advanced lung cancer remains unsatisfactory. Therefore, new and effective treatment strategies are urgently needed....

Background: The human body’s exposure to high levels of endogenous estrogens and their metabolites, such as estradiol, estriol, 2-hydroxyestradiol, and 4-hydroxyestradiol, is implicated in the development and complications of breast cancers (BC...

Background/Objectives: Immunotherapy is a viable therapeutic approach for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Despite the significant survival benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitors PD-1/PD-L1, on average; the objective response rate is around 20% a...

Background/Objectives: After first-line treatment, elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) often become unfit to continue intensive chemotherapy despite having achieved a response. This trial aimed to determine the efficacy of maintenance...

Background: Thyroid nodules are highly prevalent, affecting up to 75% of the population, yet most are benign. The limited specificity of ultrasound-based workup leads to substantial overdiagnosis and overtreatment, underscoring the need for improved...

Background/Objectives: Back table fluorescence imaging performed on freshly excised tissue specimens represents a critical step in fluorescence-guided surgery, enabling rapid assessment of tumor margins before final pathology. While most preclinical...

Background/Objectives: SMARCA4-deficient or SMARCA4-mutated cancers are rare but highly aggressive tumors with poor differentiation, resistance to conventional treatments, and limited clinical guidance. While thoracic SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiat...

Purpose: Evaluate long-term immunogenicity and its association with the number of vaccines and breakthrough infections in patients with hematologic malignancies compared to a healthy cohort. Methods: This study is an amendment of a multicenter study...

Background/Objectives: We aim to identify predictors of response to ICIs in patients with advanced solid tumors that exhibiting a TMB ≥ 10 mut/Mb. Methods: Patients treated with ICIs alone at Northwestern University between 1 January 2015 and 31 D...

Background: Thymoma is a malignant tumor originating from the thymic epithelium and can be associated with over 100 paraneoplastic syndromes (PNSs). Due to the low incidence of thymoma and the relative rarity of alopecia areata (AA) as an associated...

Background/Objectives: Photoimmunotherapy for head and neck cancer (HN-PIT) is an emerging treatment for unresectable locally advanced or recurrent head and neck cancer. However, real-world data (RWD) are limited. This study examined the safety and e...