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Mar. Drugs, Volume 23, Issue 8 (August 2025) – 2 articles

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26 pages, 7607 KiB  
Article
Novel 3D-Printed Replica Plate Device Ensures High-Throughput Antibacterial Screening of Halophilic Bacteria
by Kaloyan Berberov, Nikolina Atanasova, Nikolay Krumov, Boryana Yakimova, Irina Lazarkevich, Stephan Engibarov, Tsvetozara Damyanova, Ivanka Boyadzhieva and Lyudmila Kabaivanova
Mar. Drugs 2025, 23(8), 295; https://doi.org/10.3390/md23080295 - 23 Jul 2025
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is one of the most significant public health issues today. As a consequence, there is an urgent need for novel classes of antibiotics. This necessitates the development of highly efficient screening methods for the rapid identification of antibiotic-producing bacteria. Here, we [...] Read more.
Antibiotic resistance is one of the most significant public health issues today. As a consequence, there is an urgent need for novel classes of antibiotics. This necessitates the development of highly efficient screening methods for the rapid identification of antibiotic-producing bacteria. Here, we describe a new method for high-throughput screening of antimicrobial compounds (AMC) producing halophilic bacteria. Our methodology used a newly designed 3D-printed Petri plate replicator used for drop deposition and colony replication. We employed this device in combination with a modified agar overlay assay to screen more than 7400 bacterial colonies. A total of 54 potential AMC producers were discovered at a success rate of 0.7%. Although 40% of them lost their antibacterial activity during the secondary screening, 22 strains retained inhibitory activity and were able to suppress the growth of one or more safe relatives of the ESKAPE group pathogens. The ethyl acetate extract from the most potent strain, Virgibacillus salarius POTR191, demonstrated moderate antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Acinetobacter baumanii, and Staphylococcus epidermidis with minimal inhibitory concentrations of 128 μg/mL, 128 μg/mL, and 512 μg/mL, respectively. We propose that our replica plate assay could be used for target-based antimicrobial screening of various extremophilic bacteria. Full article
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17 pages, 13984 KiB  
Article
Isolation and Purification of Novel Antioxidant Peptides from Mussel (Mytilus edulis) Prepared by Marine Bacillus velezensis Z-1 Protease
by Jing Lu, Pujing Shi, Yutian Cao, Bingxin Shi, Huilin Shen, Shuai Zhao, Yuchen Gao, Huibing Chi, Lei Wang and Yawei Shi
Mar. Drugs 2025, 23(8), 294; https://doi.org/10.3390/md23080294 - 23 Jul 2025
Abstract
Mussels are nutrient-rich but perishable, resulting in substantial resource loss. A protease-producing strain (Bacillus velezensis Z-1, Mytilus edulis) isolated from marine sludge was used to hydrolyze mussels, producing Y-1, a hydrolysate with antioxidant activity. In this study, ultrafiltration, gel chromatography, and [...] Read more.
Mussels are nutrient-rich but perishable, resulting in substantial resource loss. A protease-producing strain (Bacillus velezensis Z-1, Mytilus edulis) isolated from marine sludge was used to hydrolyze mussels, producing Y-1, a hydrolysate with antioxidant activity. In this study, ultrafiltration, gel chromatography, and LC-MS/MS were employed to isolate and identify bioactive peptides from the hydrolysate. The results revealed that the hydrolysate exhibited antioxidant activity, pancreatic cholesterol esterase inhibitory activity, pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Molecular docking using AutoDock Tools 1.5.6 was performed to analyze the interactions of peptides with CD38 and Keap1, leading to the identification of five potentially bioactive peptides: VPPFY, IMLFP, LPFLF, FLPF, and FPRIM. These peptides formed hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions with CD38 and Keap1, demonstrating strong DPPH radical scavenging and superoxide anion radical scavenging capacities. This study highlights the multifunctional bioactive potential of these peptides, offering insights into their therapeutic applications. The findings provide a novel approach for the effective utilization of mussel resources and highlight their potential application value in the development of functional foods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Marine Pharmacology)
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