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3,469 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
10,271 Views
14 Pages

30 December 2021

Mass timber products are growing in popularity as a substitute for steel and concrete, reducing embodied carbon in the built environment. This trend has raised questions about the sustainability of the U.S. timber supply. Our research addresses conce...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mass Timber and Sustainable Building Construction)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
140 Citations
21,540 Views
42 Pages

Throughout the last two decades the timber building sector has experienced a steady growth in multi-storey construction. Although there has been a growing number of research focused on trends, benefits, and disadvantages in timber construction from v...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Timber Structures: Latest Developments, Challenges, and Perspectives)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,574 Views
15 Pages

Influence of Timber-to-Concrete Connection Types on the Behaviour of Timber–Concrete Composite Structures

  • Dmitrijs Serdjuks,
  • Agris Rogainis,
  • Elza Briuka,
  • Janis Sliseris and ,
  • Leonids Pakrastins and
  • Vjaceslavs Lapkovskis
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

2 November 2025

The current study investigates the influence of timber-to-concrete connection types on the behaviour of timber–concrete composite (TCC) structures employing metal web timber joists. Two groups of laboratory specimens were prepared, each compris...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Composites: Fabrication, Properties and Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
173 Views
18 Pages

27 October 2026

Timber construction is increasingly promoted as a strategy for reducing the environmental impacts of the built environment; however, timber is often treated as a homogeneous resource despite differences in the structural and functional requirements o...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Circular-Economy Solutions for Sustainable Building Materials)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,059 Views
16 Pages

Behaviour Analysis of Beam-Type Timber and Timber-Concrete Composite Panels

  • Elza Briuka,
  • Dmitrijs Serdjuks,
  • Pavel Akishin,
  • Genadijs Sahmenko and ,
  • Andrejs Podkoritovs and
  • Raimonds Ozolins
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

22 August 2024

This study addresses the enhancement of material efficiency and reduction in brittleness in timber-to-concrete adhesive connections for beam-type timber and timber-concrete composite panels. The research explores the potential benefits of adding long...

(This article belongs to the Section Civil Engineering)
  • Review
  • Open Access
35 Citations
12,436 Views
24 Pages

The remarkable development of timber construction technologies in recent decades has led to an increase in the number of timber buildings worldwide, including multi-storey buildings. The design of timber buildings, especially those of greater height,...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Timber Buildings - Design for the Future)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
5,480 Views
17 Pages

Friction Coefficients of Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) Sawn Timber for Numerical Simulation of Timber Joints

  • José Ramón Villar-García,
  • Pablo Vidal-López,
  • Desirée Rodríguez-Robles and
  • Manuel Moya Ignacio

9 July 2022

This study focuses on the friction characteristics of chestnut sawn timber (Castanea sativa Mill.) of Spanish origin. The values of both the static and dynamic friction coefficients were determined, as this knowledge is of interest for the numerical...

(This article belongs to the Section Wood Science and Forest Products)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,509 Views
13 Pages

20 November 2024

The development of a methodological approach to detecting the presence of flame retardants in building materials and products and finding their concentration is an essential part of the performance evaluation of flame retardants for timber. The above...

(This article belongs to the Collection Buildings and Fire Safety)
  • Article
  • Open Access
27 Citations
7,946 Views
30 Pages

Sustainable and Efficient Structural Systems for Tall Buildings: Exploring Timber and Steel–Timber Hybrids through a Case Study

  • Fabrizio Ascione,
  • Francesco Esposito,
  • Giacomo Iovane,
  • Diana Faiella and ,
  • Beatrice Faggiano and
  • Elena Mele
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

15 February 2024

The paper focuses on tall timber buildings. The major aim of this paper is to identify the most sustainable and efficient structural system to increase the height of timber buildings, also considering steel–timber hybrid structures. First of al...

(This article belongs to the Section Building Structures)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,049 Views
25 Pages

16 March 2026

Timber price dynamics are most often analysed using trends, seasonality, and classical measures of volatility, which describe the magnitude of fluctuations but only to a limited extent capture the temporal structure of the price-generating process. T...

(This article belongs to the Section Forest Economics, Policy, and Social Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,010 Views
12 Pages

27 June 2024

Forest resources are renewable, and the rational exploitation and utilization of forest resources are not only conducive to sustainable development on a population scale, they can also lead to higher economic benefits. Based on the actual timber harv...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry/Asymmetry of Differential Equations in Biomathematics)
  • Entry
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,364 Views
9 Pages

Smoke Hazards of Tall Timber Buildings with New Products

  • Chi-Honn Cheng,
  • Cheuk-Lun Chow,
  • Tsz-Kit Yue,
  • Yiu-Wah Ng and
  • Wan-Ki Chow

Timber buildings can now stand very tall using new products. As timber materials are expected to be easily ignitable, the fire hazard of timber is a concern. Charring of the timber surface would maintain structural stability, but would also be accomp...

(This article belongs to the Section Engineering)
  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
145 Views
27 Pages

29 October 2026

Timber and other bio-based materials are increasingly discussed as ways to reduce the environmental impact of buildings, but their integration into larger building systems involves different material roles rather than simple substitution. This review...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Building with Wood: From Material Advancements to High-Performance Structural Design)
  • Article
  • Open Access
604 Views
19 Pages

Point-supported connections are an innovative modern connection design that can benefit from the 2-way structural action of cross-laminated timber (CLT) slabs, which is typically not considered in traditional timber design. It also allows for flatter...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Performance of Buildings Structures and Materials)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,916 Views
33 Pages

Segmented Timber Shells for Circular Construction: Relocation, Structural Assessment, and Robotic Fabrication of a Modular, Lightweight Timber Structure

  • Simon Bechert,
  • Simon Aicher,
  • Lyudmila Gorokhova,
  • Laura Balangé and ,
  • Monika Göbel,
  • Volker Schwieger,
  • Achim Menges and
  • Jan Knippers
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

Segmented timber shells present a novel building system that utilizes modular, planar building components to create lightweight free-form structures in architecture. Recent advancements in the research field of segmented timber shells pursue, among o...

(This article belongs to the Section Building Structures)
  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
4,284 Views
17 Pages

Economic Ripple Effects Analysis of Cross-Laminated Timber Manufacturing in Japan

  • Mengyuan Liu,
  • Tomohumi Huzita,
  • Akito Murano,
  • Chun Sheng Goh and
  • Chihiro Kayo

1 March 2023

Japan has been actively promoting the various uses of timber to efficiently utilize its plantation forests and contribute to its climate commitments. Cross-laminated timber (CLT), owing to its unique structural characteristics and environmental advan...

(This article belongs to the Section Wood Science and Forest Products)
  • Article
  • Open Access
27 Citations
10,341 Views
12 Pages

23 March 2018

When transporting timber, the high variability of species, assortments and moisture content of the wood raw material does not allow the weight of the transported timber to be precisely determined. This often contributes to the excessive weight loadin...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Forest Operations, Engineering and Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
4,915 Views
22 Pages

Structural Timber Design in Curricula of Canadian Universities: Current Status and Future Needs

  • Hossein Daneshvar,
  • Tahiat Goni,
  • Sigong Zhang,
  • Reed Kelterborn and
  • Ying Hei Chui

26 November 2021

Due to the efficiency, sustainability, and advances in firefighting technologies, the allowable height for wood buildings was increased from 4 to 6 storeys in 2015 and will be further increased to 12 storeys in the 2020 edition of the National Buildi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Contemporary Trends and Issues in Engineering Education)
  • Review
  • Open Access
61 Citations
14,342 Views
14 Pages

Seismic Design of Timber Buildings: Highlighted Challenges and Future Trends

  • Mislav Stepinac,
  • Iztok Šušteršič,
  • Igor Gavrić and
  • Vlatka Rajčić

19 February 2020

Use of timber as a construction material has entered a period of renaissance since the development of high-performance engineered wood products, enabling larger and taller buildings to be built. In addition, due to substantial contribution of the bui...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Buildings and Structures under Extreme Loads)
  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
6,215 Views
21 Pages

18 June 2025

The building sector significantly contributes to global energy consumption and carbon emissions, primarily due to the extensive use of carbon-intensive materials such as concrete and steel. Mass timber construction, particularly using cross-laminated...

(This article belongs to the Topic Low Carbon Building Performance and Sustainability in the Construction Industry)
  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
6,131 Views
29 Pages

Advanced Timber Construction Industry: A Quantitative Review of 646 Global Design and Construction Stakeholders

  • Luis Orozco,
  • Hana Svatoš-Ražnjević,
  • Hans Jakob Wagner,
  • Moataz Abdelaal and ,
  • Felix Amtsberg,
  • Daniel Weiskopf and
  • Achim Menges
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

8 September 2023

There has been a multi-storey timber construction boom since the start of the millennium. While there is now a body of research on trends, benefits, and disadvantages of timber construction, there is not yet literature on the wider market or the impa...

(This article belongs to the Section Building Structures)
  • Article
  • Open Access
44 Citations
15,348 Views
28 Pages

Ductile Moment-Resisting Timber Connections: A Review

  • Arthur S. Rebouças,
  • Zabih Mehdipour,
  • Jorge M. Branco and
  • Paulo B. Lourenço

19 February 2022

In the last two decades, high-rise timber buildings have been built using the glulam truss system, even with limited openings. Moment-resisting timber frames (MRTF) with semi-rigid beam-to-column connections can be an architecture-friendly way to pro...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Seismic Design and Performance of Timber Structures)
  • Article
  • Open Access
60 Citations
11,402 Views
19 Pages

Comparative LCAs of Conventional and Mass Timber Buildings in Regions with Potential for Mass Timber Penetration

  • Maureen Puettmann,
  • Francesca Pierobon,
  • Indroneil Ganguly,
  • Hongmei Gu and ,
  • Cindy Chen,
  • Shaobo Liang,
  • Susan Jones,
  • Ian Maples and
  • Mark Wishnie
  • + 4 authors+ 0 author

18 December 2021

Manufacturing of building materials and construction of buildings make up 11% of the global greenhouse gas emission by sector. Mass timber construction has the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by moving wood into buildings with designs th...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mass Timber and Sustainable Building Construction)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,899 Views
13 Pages

21 October 2024

As the carbon storage capacity of timber is recognized, there is growing interest in timber and wooden structures as a solution to various environmental problems. The use of Korean timber with substantial carbon storage capacity is required to reduce...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,725 Views
20 Pages

20 September 2024

The light weight and moderate stiffness of multistorey timber buildings make them susceptible to increased lateral displacements and accelerations under service-level wind loading. Therefore, the fulfilment of serviceability requirements is a major c...

(This article belongs to the Section Building Structures)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
4,570 Views
15 Pages

Timber Construction Regulations in Brazil: A Perspective from Its National Industry of Timber Houses

  • Victor De Araujo,
  • Juliano Vasconcelos,
  • Elen Morales,
  • Juliana Barbosa and ,
  • Maristela Gava,
  • Emerson Faustino,
  • Herisson Santos,
  • Felipe Arroyo,
  • Sheyla Serra and
  • José Garcia
  • + 8 authors+ 3 authors

23 August 2023

Codes of practices and standards for products and activities are available regulations for global sectors, although they are dedicated to national scopes such as civil construction in Brazil. These regulations align with industry compliance as they e...

(This article belongs to the Section Construction Management, and Computers & Digitization)
  • Review
  • Open Access
204 Citations
41,768 Views
24 Pages

The construction industry represents one of the greatest contributors to atmospheric emissions of CO2 and anthropogenic climate change, largely resulting from the production of commonly used building materials such as steel and concrete. It is well u...

(This article belongs to the Section Sustainable Materials)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,325 Views
21 Pages

Innovation in Timber Processing—A Case Study on Low-Grade Resource Utilisation for High-Grade Timber Products

  • Sebastian Klein,
  • Benoit Belleville,
  • Giorgio Marfella,
  • Rodney Keenan and
  • Robert L. McGavin

8 July 2025

Native forest timber supplies are declining, and industry needs to do more with less to meet growing demand for wood products. An Australian-based, vertically integrated timber manufacturing business is commissioning a spindleless lathe to produce en...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trends and Challenges for Management in Wood-Based Sector in the Digital Age)
  • Article
  • Open Access
  • Best Paper Award
28 Citations
8,438 Views
14 Pages

11 January 2023

Salvaged timber elements often have length limitations, and therefore, their reuse in structural products normally would require additional processing and end-to-end joining. This increases the costs of reusing such materials, which makes them even l...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Application and Performance of Timber in Construction)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,817 Views
22 Pages

10 February 2023

Traditional architecture characteristically uses locally available materials to develop constructive systems and techniques, providing an optimum response to the needs of the population. This study focuses on half-timber walls as a traditional techni...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wood as Cultural Heritage Material)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,862 Views
24 Pages

Workpiece Coordinate System Measurement for a Robotic Timber Joinery Workflow

  • Francisco Quitral-Zapata,
  • Rodrigo García-Alvarado,
  • Alejandro Martínez-Rocamora and
  • Luis Felipe González-Böhme

31 July 2025

Robotic timber joinery demands integrated, adaptive methods to compensate for the inherent dimensional variability of wood. We introduce a seamless robotic workflow to enhance the measurement accuracy of the Workpiece Coordinate System (WCS). The app...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Architectural Design Supported by Information Technology: 2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
4,076 Views
19 Pages

Identification and Trend Analysis of Multistorey Timber Buildings in the SUDOE Region

  • Luis-Alfonso Basterra,
  • Vanesa Baño,
  • Gamaliel López,
  • Gonzalo Cabrera and
  • Patricia Vallelado-Cordobés

The construction sector has one of the most polluting economic activities. In this context, several policies are being launched by the European Union to promote the transition to a sustainable economy, and timber construction is a safe way to contrib...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Timber Buildings - Design for the Future)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,472 Views
27 Pages

13 September 2025

Low-carbon development is closely linked to the concept of sustainability, which focuses on both economic growth and the targeted reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, facilitating the transition to climate neutrality. This process involves th...

(This article belongs to the Section Green Building)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,538 Views
17 Pages

Timber-Reinforced Concrete and Its Application in Portugal

  • Cristina Reis,
  • Sandra Pereira,
  • Naim Sedira,
  • Anabela Paiva and
  • Jorge Pinto

Traditional construction is an important skill. This paper intends to contribute to the literature on the topic of timber-reinforced concrete. First, some traditional Portuguese timber solutions are introduced. Second, some traditional Portuguese tim...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural Resilience and Sustainable Development of Reinforced Concrete Structures)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,753 Views
24 Pages

16 November 2021

Due to the growing need to preserve our planet and reduce carbon emissions during construction, the use of the only carbon-absorbing material, timber, is increasingly being imposed. In addition to the requirement of reducing emissions, there is a nec...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Building Materials: Novelties, Characteristics and Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,336 Views
28 Pages

7 February 2024

China initiated a new collective forest tenure reform (CFTR) in 2003, which transferred the use rights of collective forest land and the ownership of collective trees to farmers. To assess the impact of the CFTR on timber production and to understand...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Economy and Sustainability of Forest Natural Resources)
  • Review
  • Open Access
605 Views
27 Pages

10 August 2026

Myanmar has developed a range of legality assurance and traceability mechanisms to support legal timber production and respond to evolving international market requirements. This study examines the institutional development of timber legality assuran...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Supply, Trade and Consumption of Forest Products)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
4,991 Views
19 Pages

16 February 2020

The location and grade setting of a timber logistics center is an important link in the optimization of the timber logistics system, the rationality of which can effectively improve the efficiency of the timber logistics supply chain. There is a long...

(This article belongs to the Section Information Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
6,836 Views
34 Pages

Investigations on the Sustainable Resource Use of Swiss Timber

  • Claude Leyder,
  • Michael Klippel,
  • Olin Bartlomé,
  • Niko Heeren and ,
  • Sarah Kissling,
  • Yutaka Goto and
  • Andrea Frangi
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

25 January 2021

In Switzerland, the advantages of timber buildings for the climate are broadly discussed. In the following paper, a comparative sustainability assessment of four building alternatives is presented. Especially the contribution of implementing Swiss ti...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bio-Based Construction Materials for Sustainable Development of the Built Environment)
  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
4,162 Views
15 Pages

The Seasonal Fluctuation of Timber Prices in Hyrcanian Temperate Forests, Northern Iran

  • Seyed Mahdi Heshmatol Vaezin,
  • Mohammad Moftakhar Juybari,
  • Seyed Mohammad Moein Sadeghi,
  • Jan Banaś and
  • Marina Viorela Marcu

16 May 2022

Seasonal fluctuations play an important role in the pricing of a timber sale. A good understanding of timber price mechanisms and predictability in the timber market would be very practical for forest owners, managers, and investors, and is crucial f...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Production, Trade and Consumption of Wood-Based Products)
  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
8,489 Views
31 Pages

Legality Constraints: The Emergence of a Dual Market for Tropical Timber Products?

  • Mauro Masiero,
  • Davide Pettenella and
  • Paolo Omar Cerutti

30 September 2015

The European Union (EU), the United States of America (USA), and Australia have adopted specific measures to avoid the placing of illegal timber on their markets. These measures might encourage the diversion of timber products from traditional large...

  • Article
  • Open Access
294 Views
27 Pages

25 September 2026

Research on the conservation of traditional timber architecture has primarily focused on the preservation and restoration of architectural fabric. However, the long-term retention of identity information, spatial relationships, and historical associa...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Twins and Performance-Driven Conservation of Historic Built Systems: Buildings, Infrastructures and Industrial Heritage)
  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
8,992 Views
26 Pages

22 December 2023

Tall timber buildings represent an emerging and highly promising sector due to their potential to yield significant environmental and economic advantages throughout their entire life cycles. Nonetheless, the existing body of literature lacks a compre...

(This article belongs to the Section Architectural Design, Urban Science, and Real Estate)
  • Review
  • Open Access
19 Citations
11,072 Views
32 Pages

A Comprehensive Comparison of Insulation Materials for Timber Building Systems

  • Bernardino M. Rocha,
  • Marina Tenório,
  • Jorge M. Branco and
  • Sandra M. Silva

8 May 2025

The key objectives of both European Union and Portuguese policies are energy efficiency and carbon neutrality in the building sector. Timber construction offers unique advantages in achieving these goals, such as increased productivity through faster...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
3,106 Views
14 Pages

8 October 2020

Recently, many mountain disasters caused by natural phenomena, such as typhoons and heavy rains, have struck Japan, where check dams are used as important disaster prevention structures. Meanwhile, increased timber use in Japan is expected to revital...

  • Review
  • Open Access
12 Citations
8,071 Views
28 Pages

Timber–concrete composite structure is a type of efficient combination form composed of concrete floors and timber beams or floors through shear connectors, and shows good application potential in the floor system of timber buildings. The long-...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Performance Analysis of Timber Composite Structures)
  • Review
  • Open Access
57 Citations
19,040 Views
38 Pages

Contemporary Strategies for the Structural Design of Multi-Story Modular Timber Buildings: A Comprehensive Review

  • Marina Tenório,
  • Rui Ferreira,
  • Victor Belafonte,
  • Filipe Sousa and ,
  • Cláudio Meireis,
  • Mafalda Fontes,
  • Inês Vale,
  • André Gomes,
  • Rita Alves and
  • Jorge M. Branco
  • + 10 authors+ 5 authors

10 April 2024

Modular timber construction embodies a pioneering and eco-friendly methodology within the building sector. With the notable progress made in manufacturing technologies and the advent of engineered wood products, timber has evolved into a promising su...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Engineered Wood Products and Timber Structures)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,201 Views
23 Pages

Dynamic Response of Steel–Timber Composite Beams with Varying Screw Spacing

  • Małgorzata Abramowicz,
  • Marcin Chybiński,
  • Łukasz Polus,
  • Piotr Szewczyk and
  • Tomasz Wróblewski

26 April 2024

Steel–timber composite beams are a relatively new type of composite structure. They have many important advantages, owing to which they may be considered a sustainable solution. Their connectors may be demountable, which makes it possible to se...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,252 Views
20 Pages

2 July 2024

This article explores the possibility of predicting the compliance coefficients for composite shear keys of built-up timber beams using artificial neural networks. The compliance coefficients determine the stresses and deflections of built-up timber...

(This article belongs to the Section Construction and Building Materials)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,311 Views
13 Pages

Non-Destructive Quality Control of the Adhesive Rigid Timber-to-Concrete Connection in TCC Structures

  • Karina Buka-Vaivade,
  • Liga Gaile,
  • Dmitrijs Serdjuks,
  • Aleksejs Tatarinovs and
  • Leonids Pakrastins

6 December 2022

One of the limitations of using glued connections in practice is related to the need for connection quality control. Still, the need for the non-destructive quality control of finished products to determine the compliance of the developed structure w...

(This article belongs to the Section Building Materials, and Repair & Renovation)

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