2,227 Results Found

Alaska’s Arctic and boreal regions, largely dominated by tundra and boreal forest, are witnessing unprecedented changes in response to climate warming. However, the intensity of feedbacks between the hydrosphere and vegetation changes are not yet wel...

Newly improved formulations of the bare soil evaporation and the surface temperature are presented, using the multilayer land surface scheme TERRA of the Consortium for Small-scale Modeling (COSMO) atmospheric model. The simulations were carried out...

The study investigates the influence of near-surface atmospheric parameters on land surface processes at the land–atmosphere interface through the offline simulation of the 2D Noah Land Surface Model-based High-Resolution Land Data Assimilation...

This study endeavors to produce a comprehensive land cover map for Morocco, addressing the absence of such a detailed map in the country. Our research encompasses ecological and climatic aspects specific to Morocco, while the methods used can be adap...

Urbanization is a multifaceted process characterized by changes in urban areas through various means, such as sprawl, ribbon development, or infill and compact growth. This phenomenon changes the pattern of the local climate zone (LCZ) and significan...

Most current land surface models (LSMs) coupled to regional climate models (RCMs) have been implemented at the several tens of kilometer spatial scales. Modeling land surface processes in LSMs at a finer resolution is necessary for improvements in te...

As a sensitive indicator for climate change, the spring phenology of alpine grassland on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) has received extensive concern over past decade. It has been demonstrated that temperature and precipitation/snowfall play...

The Souss Basin is a dryland environment featuring soil, surface and climatic conditions enhancing processes of wind erosion and mineral and organic dust emissions while subject to frequent grazing, tillage and driving. The fine-grained compacted sur...

Land surface models (LSMs) simulate water and energy cycles at the atmosphere–soil interface, however, the physical processes in the subsurface are typically oversimplified and lateral water movement is neglected. Here, a cross-evaluation of land sur...

Dust storms in North China result in high concentrations of airborne dust particles, which cause detrimental effects on human health as well as social and economic losses and environmental degradation. To investigate the impact of land surface proces...

Soil moisture is a key state variable in land surface processes. Since field measurements of soil moisture are generally sparse and remote sensing is limited in terms of observation depth, land surface model simulations are usually used to continuous...

Land surface processes are rarely studied in Detection and Attribution Model Inter-comparison Project (DAMIP) experiments on climate change. We analyzed a CMIP6 DAMIP historical experiment by using multi-linear regression (MLRM) and analysis of varia...

Global soils are under extreme pressure from various threats due to population expansion, economic development, and climate change. Mapping of land degradation vulnerability (LDV) using geospatial techniques play a significant role and has great impo...

Land surface processes are an important part of the Earth’s mass and energy cycles. The application of a land surface process model for farmland in the low-hilly red soil region of southern China continues to draw research attention. Convention...

Soil Vegetation Atmosphere Transfer (SVAT) models consist of deterministic mathematical representations of the physical processes involved between the land surface and the atmosphere and of their interactions, at time-steps acceptable for the study o...

The main aim of the paper is to show how, and how many, simulations carried out using the Land Surface Model UTOPIA (University of TOrino model of land Process Interaction with Atmosphere) are representative of the micro-meteorological conditions and...

There is an increasing need to consistently combine observations from different sensors to monitor the state of the land surface. In order to achieve this, robust methods based on the inversion of radiative transfer (RT) models can be used to interpr...

To improve the simulation performance of the RegCM4 model in climate simulations over the Yangtze River Basin (YRB), it is essential to determine the optimal cumulus convection and land surface process schemes from the numerous physical parameterizat...

The representation of snow is a crucial aspect of land-surface modelling, as it has a strong influence on energy and water balances. Snow schemes with multiple layers have been shown to better describe the snowpack evolution and bring improvements to...

The scientific understanding of the energy and water fluxes between land and atmosphere primarily predicates our capacity to describe, model, and predict the highly complex Earth system, which is formed by mutually interlinked components (land, atmos...

The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in earth science research has drastically increased during the last decade. The reason being innumerable advantages to detecting and monitoring various environmental processes before and after certain events...

The Mongolian Plateau (MP) and Tibetan Plateau (TP) have experienced higher-than-global average warming in recent decades, resulting in many significant changes in ecosystem structure and function. Among them are the leaf area index (LAI) and albedo,...

Evapotranspiration (ET) is a critical component of the water and energy balances, and the number of remote sensing-based ET products and estimation methods has increased in recent years. Various aspects of remote sensing of ET are reported in 11 pape...

The exchange of energy between the land surface and atmosphere is dependent upon crucial parameters, including surface roughness, emissivity, bulk transfer coefficients for momentum (CD) and heat (CH). These parameters are calculated through site obs...

Mining, especially surface mining, has a significant impact on the upper part of the soil cover, including fauna and flora. The article deals with the use of geodetic methods to observe the mining process and its possible impact on the environment. T...

Space-based cropland phenology monitoring substantially assists agricultural managing practices and plays an important role in crop yield predictions. Multitemporal satellite observations allow analyzing vegetation seasonal dynamics over large areas...

The surface fluxes calculated in land surface models (LSMs) are sensitive to the determination of the stability parameter. Further, calculation of the surface fluxes over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) is crucial in the simulation of regional and global we...

During the last several decades, Earth´s climate has undergone significant changes due to anthropogenic global warming, and feedbacks to the water cycle. Therefore, persistent efforts are required to understand the hydrological processes and to...

Monitoring cropland phenology from optical satellite data remains a challenging task due to the influence of clouds and atmospheric artifacts. Therefore, measures need to be taken to overcome these challenges and gain better knowledge of crop dynamic...

A key aspect of the land surface response to the atmosphere is how quickly it dries after a rainfall event. It is key because it will determine the intensity and speed of the propagation of drought and also affects the atmospheric state through chang...

Solid waste management remains a critical challenge in rapidly urbanizing regions of the Global South, where limited infrastructure and informal disposal practices compromise environmental and public health. This study addresses the issue of illegal...

The Badain Jaran Desert (BJD) is characterized by the coexistence of over 110 perennial lakes and thousands of megadunes in its southeast part. Unlike the cold island effect, we found a special phenomenon of the warm island effect in the lake group r...

Using remotely sensed satellite products is the most efficient way to monitor global land, water, and forest resource changes, which are believed to be the main factors for understanding global climate change and its impacts. A reliable remotely sens...

Model parameters are among the primary sources of uncertainties in land surface models (LSMs). Over the Tibetan Plateau (TP), simulations of land surface processes, which have not been well captured by current LSMs, can significantly affect the accur...

This study investigated the relevant processes responsible for differences of convective precipitation caused by land-surface resolution. The simulations were performed with the ICOsahedral Nonhydrostatic model (ICON) with grid spacing of 156 m and L...

Understanding land surface fluxes is essential for sustaining dryland ecosystem functioning and services. However, the scarcity of in situ measurements poses a significant challenge to dryland monitoring. Satellite optical and thermal remote sensing...

Frequent heavy snowfall in Xinjiang plays an important role in the land water cycle. In this study, 18 groups of simulation experiments are conducted on the heavy snowfall event in Xinjiang during 9–13 December of 2015 using the Weather Researc...

Near real time (NRT) remote sensing derived land surface temperature (Ts) data has an utmost importance in various applications of natural hazards and disasters. Space-based instrument MODIS (moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer) acquired NR...

The inverse correlation between NDVI and LST is widely known for its long time series. However, when more specific statistical tests were performed, subtle differences in the correlation behavior over time are more clearly observed. In this work, reg...

Desert regions face unique challenges under climate change, including the emerging phenomenon of sand dune expansion. This research investigates aeolian sand transport in the Seqale watershed (eastern Iran) using geostatistical and machine learning m...

Accurately estimating land surface temperature (LST) is a critical concern in thermal infrared (TIR) remote sensing. According to the thermal radiance transfer equation, the observed data in each channel are coupled with both emissivity and atmospher...

We use the hybrid modeling laboratory of the Mediterranean Landscape Dynamics (MedLanD) Project to simulate barranco incision in eastern Spain under different scenarios of natural and human environmental change. We carry out a series of modeling expe...

The interaction of climate with aquatic ecosystems is a multidisciplinary field of research involving water quantity and quality issues and having strong socio-economic implications. This special issue hosts 10 studies undertaken in 7 countries of 4...

In this study an initial validation of the Landsat 8 (L8) Operational Land Imager (OLI) Surface Reflectance (SR) product was performed. The OLI SR product is derived from the L8 Top-of-Atmosphere product via the Landsat Surface Reflectance Code (LaSR...

The Qian atmospheric forcing dataset is used to drive the Community Land Model, version 4.0 and 4.5 (CLM4 and CLM4.5) in off-line simulation tests. Based on flux network (FLUXNET) data and reanalysis data provided by National Oceanic and Atmospheric...

The land surface scheme (LSS) plays a very important role in the forecast of surface meteorological elements in the Central Asia arid region. Therefore, two LSSs viz. Noah and Noah-MP were evaluated over the Central Asia arid region in January and Ju...

The evapotranspiration (ET) in mountainous watersheds affects the security of downstream water supply and ecological safety. Continuous time-varying ET cannot be obtained by traditional methods such as remote sensing and ground observations. In this...

In recent years, frequent heatwaves (HWs) in Spain have increased mortality rates and impacted ecosystems. While most studies only investigate the causes of HWs in a single year, we analyzed the thermodynamic and dynamic causes of three extensive com...

Subsurface fires and smoldering events at landfills can present serious health hazards and threats to the environment. These fires are much more costly and difficult to extinguish than open fires at the landfill surface. The initiation of a subsurfac...

The effective representation of land surface hydrological models strongly relies on spatially varying parameters that require calibration. Well-calibrated physical models can effectively propagate observed information to unobserved variables, but tra...