684 Results Found

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is regarded as one of the bottlenecks of successful clinical treatment for numerous chemotherapeutic agents. Multiple key regulators are alleged to be responsible for MDR and making the treatment regimens ineffective. In th...

GP-1 is a novel glycoprotein produced by Streptomyces kanasenisi ZX01 that was isolated from soil near Kanas Lake with significant bioactivity against tobacco mosaic virus. However, extremely low fermentation production has largely hindered further r...

The effects of temperature, agitation and aeration on glycoprotein GP-1 production by Streptomyces kanasenisi ZX01 in bench-scale fermentors were systematically investigated. The maximum final GP-1 production was achieved at an agitation speed of 200...

Tetherin is an interferon-induced, intrinsic cellular response factor that blocks release of numerous viruses, including Ebola virus, from infected cells. As with many viruses targeted by host factors, Ebola virus employs a tetherin antagonist, the v...

Equine arteritis virus (EAV) is a small, positive-stranded RNA virus. The glycoproteins gp2b, gp3 and gp4 form a heterotrimer in the viral envelope, which is required for cell entry of EAV. We describe expression of the ectodomains of the proteins in...

Ebola virus (EBOV) is a highly lethal pathogen that has caused several outbreaks of severe hemorrhagic fever in humans since its emergence in 1976. The EBOV glycoprotein (GP1,2) is the sole viral envelope protein and a major component of immunogenici...

Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infects approximately 95% of the global population, causing numerous malignancy-related cases annually and some autoimmune diseases. EBV-encoded gp350, gH, gL, gp42 and gB glycoproteins are identified as antigen c...

Multidrug resistance of cancer cells to cytotoxic drugs still remains a major obstacle to the success of chemotherapy in cancer treatment. The development of new drug candidates which may serve as P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux pump inhibitors is a pro...

The aim of this study is to follow the gp production in IBDV-vaccinated and challenged birds. The progress of IBDV infection was monitored using anti-VP2 immunocytochemistry, light and transmission electron microscopy. In the medulla of the bursal fo...

(1) Background: Ebolavirus (EBOV) poses as a significant threat for human health by frequently causing epidemics of the highly contagious Ebola virus disease (EVD). EBOV glycoprotein (GP), as a sole surface glycoprotein, needs to be cleaved in endoso...

P-glycoprotein (P-gp) affects the transport of many drugs; including puerarin and vincristine. Our previous study demonstrated that imperatorin increased the intestinal absorption of puerarin and vincristine by inhibiting P-gp-mediated drug efflux. H...

P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a key element of cancer treatment resistance, actively extruding cytotoxic drugs from cells and diminishing their efficacy. While its role at the plasma membrane is well established, its intracellular localization, particular...

Streptomyces kanasensis ZX01 produces some antibiotics and a glycoprotein with antiviral activity. To further evaluate its biosynthetic potential, here we sequenced the 7,026,279 bp draft genome of S. kanasensis ZX01 and analyzed all identifiable sec...

Recent developments in defining the role of the lentiviral envelope glycoprotein (Env) cytoplasmic tail (CT) in Env trafficking and incorporation into virus particles have advanced our understanding of viral replication and transmission. To stimulate...

This paper investigates whether glycoprotein 6 (GP6) gene polymorphisms are a risk factor for recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) in Korean women. Genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and real-tim...

The efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp) affects drug distribution after absorption in humans and animals. P-gp is encoded by the multidrug resistance gene (MDR1) gene in humans, while rodents (the most common preclinical animal model) express the two i...

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is the first reported oncogenic virus and infects more than 90% of adults worldwide. EBV can establish a latent infection in B lymphocytes which is essential for persistence and transmission. Glycoprotein gp42 is an ind...

Drug resistance is the ability of cancer cells to gain resistance to both conventional and novel chemotherapy agents, and remains a major problem in cancer therapy. Resistance mechanisms are multifactorial and involve more strictly pharmacological fa...

The modulation of P-glycoprotein (P-gp, ABCB1) can reverse multidrug resistance (MDR) and potentiate the efficacy of anticancer drugs. Tea polyphenols, such as epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), have low P-gp-modulating activity, with an EC50 over 10 &...

Chemotherapy resistance is a significant barrier to effective cancer treatment. A key mechanism of resistance at the single-cell level is the overexpression of drug transporters in the ABC family, particularly P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which leads to mu...

There is little information about the functional expression of the multidrug resistance (MDR) transporters P-glycoprotein (P-gp, encoded by ABCB1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) in the developing blood–brain barrier (BBB). We...

P-glycoprotein affects the transport of numerous drugs including chemotherapeutic drugs vincristine sulfate (VCR) and docetaxel (DTX), and is one of the main causes for multidrug resistance. Our previous studies have shown that oxypeucedanin (OPD) ca...

Despite successful virologic control with combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), about half of people living with the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) develop an HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND). It is estimated that 50% of indiv...

Cryptosporidiosis is a significant cause of diarrhea in sheep and goats. Among the over 40 established species of Cryptosporidium, Cryptosporidium xiaoi is one of the dominant species infecting ovine and caprine animals. The lack of subtyping tools m...

Inhibition of the HIV-1 fusion process constitutes a promising strategy to neutralize the virus at an early stage before it enters the cell. In this process, the envelope glycoprotein (Env) plays a central role by promoting membrane fusion. We previo...

Multidrug resistance (MDR) remains a major obstacle in the treatment of ovarian cancer. MDR is often mediated by the overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP)....

Vaccines has long been the focus of antiviral immunotherapy research. Viral epitopes are thought to be useful biomarkers for immunotherapy (both antibody-based and cellular). In this study, we designed a novel vaccine molecule, the Hantaan virus (HTN...

New World arenaviruses are rodent-transmitted viruses and include a number of pathogens that are responsible for causing severe human disease. This includes Junín virus (JUNV), which is the causative agent of Argentine hemorrhagic fever. The w...

The Marburg virus (MARV) and Sudan virus (SUDV) belong to the filovirus family. The sporadic human outbreaks occur mostly in Africa and are characterized by an aggressive disease course with high mortality. The first case of Marburg virus disease in...

Kunjin virus (KUNV) is an attenuated strain of the severe neurotropic West Nile virus (WNV). The virus has a single-strand positive-sense RNA genome that encodes a polyprotein. Following gene expression, the polyprotein is cleaved into structural pro...

(1) Background and Purpose: Ebola virus (EBOV) is the causative agent of Ebola virus disease (EVD), which causes extremely high mortality and widespread epidemics. The only glycoprotein (GP) on the surface of EBOV particles is the key to mediating vi...

Herbal drugs are widely used for the auxiliary treatment of diseases. The pharmacokinetics of a drug may be altered when it is coadministered with herbal drugs that can affect drug absorption. The effects of herbal drugs on absorption must be evaluat...

Concomitant administration of multiple drugs frequently causes severe pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic drug–drug interactions (DDIs) resulting in the possibility of enhanced toxicity and/or treatment failure. The activity of cytochrome P450 (...

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with a generally poor prognosis due to its highly aggressive and metastatic nature, lack of targetable receptors, as well as the frequent development of resistance to chemotherapy. We previously repo...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a persistent metabolic condition that contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Numerous studies have provided evidence that individuals with T2DM are at a greater risk of developing cardiovascular...

In CNS drug discovery, the estimation of brain exposure to lead compounds is critical for their optimization. Compounds need to cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB) to reach the pharmacological targets in the CNS. The BBB is a complex system inv...

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a prime reason for numerous failed oncotherapy approaches. In the present study, we investigated whether Alisol F 24 acetate (ALI) could reverse the MDR of MCF-7/DOX cells, a multidrug-resistant human breast cancer cell...

BST-2 or tetherin is a host cell restriction factor that prevents the budding of enveloped viruses at the cell surface, thus impairing the viral spread. Several countermeasures to evade this antiviral factor have been positively selected in retroviru...

Breast cancer cells have a high predilection for skeletal homing, where they may either induce osteolytic bone destruction or enter a latency period in which they remain quiescent. Breast cancer cells produce and encounter autocrine and paracrine cyt...

Background/Objectives: Paclitaxel (PTX) faces clinical limitations in melanoma treatment due to poor solubility, P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated efflux, and systemic toxicity. This study aimed to develop PTX-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (PS)...

The interaction of platelet glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX with von Willebrand factor (VWF) exposed at the injured vessel wall or atherosclerotic plaque rupture initiates platelet transient adhesion to the injured vessel wall, which triggers intracellular s...

The Ebola virus glycoprotein (GP) gene templates several mRNAs that produce either the virion-associated transmembrane protein or one of two secreted glycoproteins. Soluble glycoprotein (sGP) is the predominant product. GP1 and sGP share an amino ter...

HIV-2 infection is frequently neglected in HIV/AIDS campaigns. However, a special emphasis must be given to HIV-2 as an untreated infection that also leads to AIDS and death, and for which the efficacy of most available drugs is limited against HIV-2...

A new series of N,N-bis(alkanol)amine aryl diesters was synthesized and studied as dual P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and carbonic anhydrase XII inhibitors (CA XII). These hybrids should be able to synergistically overcome P-gp mediated multidrug resistance...

P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is an efflux pump involved in the protection of tissues of several organs by influencing xenobiotic disposition. P-gp plays a key role in multidrug resistance and in the progression of many neurodegenerative diseases. The develo...

Ebola virus (EBOV) disease outbreaks have resulted in many fatalities, yet no licensed vaccines are available to prevent infection. Recombinant glycoprotein (GP) production may contribute to finding a cure for Ebola virus disease, which is the key ca...

Development of new immunogens eliciting broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) is a main priority for the HIV-1 vaccine field. Envelope glycoproteins from non-B-non-C HIV-1clades have not been fully explored as components of a vaccine. We produced V...

The tropism of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) is determined by the use of either or both chemokine coreceptors CCR5 (R5) and CXCR4 (X4) for entry into the target cell. The ability of HIV-1 to bind R5 or X4 is determined primarily by...

P-gp is the most widely studied MDR protein conferring cellular resistance to many standard or targeted therapeutic agents. For this reason, P-gp chemoresistance evaluation, established before or during chemotherapy, can be very relevant in order to...

Background/Objective: The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is selectively permeable, but it also poses significant challenges for treating CNS diseases. Low-intensity focused ultrasound (LiFUS), paired with microbubbles is a promising, non-invasive te...