Sustainability

26 pages, 1271 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Effects of Interventions Using Support Tools to Reduce Household Food Waste: A Study Using a Cloud-Based Automatic Weighing System

by Yasuko Seta, Hajime Yamakawa, Tomoko Okayama, Kohei Watanabe and Maki Nonomura

Sustainability 2025, 17(14), 6392; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146392 (registering DOI) - 12 Jul 2025

Abstract

Food waste is a global sustainability issue, and in Japan, approximately half of all food waste is generated in households. This study focused on refrigerator management behaviors aimed at using up the food inventory in the home. An intervention study involving 119 households [...] Read more.

Food waste is a global sustainability issue, and in Japan, approximately half of all food waste is generated in households. This study focused on refrigerator management behaviors aimed at using up the food inventory in the home. An intervention study involving 119 households with two or more members across Japan, with a two-week baseline period and a two-week intervention, was conducted. Target behaviors were set as “search food that should be eaten quickly,” “move it to a visible place,” and “use the foods that should be eaten quickly,” and tools to support these behaviors were selected, including an organizer for the refrigerator, photos, and food management apps. Each tool was assigned to approximately 30 households, and a control group was established. Food waste was measured using a cloud-based automatic weighing system, and all participants were asked to separate avoidable food waste at home and dispose of it in the designated waste bin. During the intervention period, the average weekly food waste per household decreased by 29% to 51% in the intervention group, while there was little change in the control group. An analysis using a two-way mixed ANOVA revealed a marginally significant interaction (p < 0.10), indicating moderate effectiveness. Among the behaviors contributing to reduced food waste, three actions—“having trouble not being able to recall food inventory at home during shopping,” “moving foods that should be used sooner,” and “organizing refrigerator”—showed significant interaction effects (p < 0.05) in a two-way mixed ANOVA, indicating the effectiveness of the intervention. Full article

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31 pages, 860 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Advances in Biotechnology in the Circular Economy: A Path to the Sustainable Use of Resources

by Pedro Carmona Marques, Pedro C. B. Fernandes, Pedro Sampaio and Joaquim Silva

Sustainability 2025, 17(14), 6391; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146391 (registering DOI) - 12 Jul 2025

Abstract

This article analyzes the role of biotechnologies in supporting the circular economy in various productive sectors. It highlights innovative approaches that contribute to sustainability, resource regeneration, waste recovery, and reduced dependence on fossil fuels. The text brings together relevant examples of biotechnological applications [...] Read more.

This article analyzes the role of biotechnologies in supporting the circular economy in various productive sectors. It highlights innovative approaches that contribute to sustainability, resource regeneration, waste recovery, and reduced dependence on fossil fuels. The text brings together relevant examples of biotechnological applications aimed at the production of bioplastics, bioenergy, bioproducts, and bioremediation solutions, among others of interest. In addition, it highlights the potential of using agro-industrial waste as raw material in biotechnological processes, promoting more efficient production chains with less environmental impact. The methodology was based on a comprehensive review of recent advances in industrial biotechnology. The main results reveal successful applications in the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from food waste, in the microbial bioleaching of metals from electronic waste, and in the bioconversion of agricultural byproducts into functional materials, among others. The article also discusses the regulatory and social factors that influence the integration of these solutions into circular value chains. It concludes that biotechnology is a key element for the circular bioeconomy, offering scalable and environmentally efficient alternatives to conventional linear models, although its large-scale adoption depends on overcoming technological and market challenges. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Trends in Biotechnology and Circular Economy: Driving Sustainable Innovations in the Bioeconomy)

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26 pages, 847 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Optimization of a Cooperative Truck–Drone Delivery System in Rural China: A Sustainable Logistics Approach for Diverse Terrain Conditions

by Debao Dai, Hanqi Cai and Shihao Wang

Sustainability 2025, 17(14), 6390; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146390 - 11 Jul 2025

Abstract

Driven by the rapid expansion of e-commerce in China, there is a growing demand for high-efficiency, sustainability-oriented logistics solutions in rural regions, particularly for the time-sensitive distribution of perishable agricultural commodities. Traditional logistics systems face considerable challenges in these geographically complex regions due [...] Read more.

Driven by the rapid expansion of e-commerce in China, there is a growing demand for high-efficiency, sustainability-oriented logistics solutions in rural regions, particularly for the time-sensitive distribution of perishable agricultural commodities. Traditional logistics systems face considerable challenges in these geographically complex regions due to limited infrastructure and extended travel distances. To address these issues, this study proposes an intelligent cooperative delivery system that integrates automated drones with conventional trucks, aiming to enhance both operational efficiency and environmental sustainability. A mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model is developed to account for the diverse terrain characteristics of rural China, including forest, lake, and mountain regions. To optimize distribution strategies, the model incorporates an improved Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) algorithm combined with a hybrid genetic simulated annealing algorithm. The performance of three transportation modes, namely truck-only, drone-only, and truck–drone integrated delivery, was evaluated and compared. Sustainability-related externalities, such as carbon emission costs and delivery delay penalties, are quantitatively integrated into the total transportation cost objective function. Simulation results indicate that the cooperative delivery model is especially effective in lake regions, significantly reducing overall costs while improving environmental performance and service quality. This research offers practical insights into the development of sustainable intelligent transportation systems tailored to the unique challenges of rural logistics. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Intelligent Transportation: Cooperative Systems and Vehicle Automation)

20 pages, 7336 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Analysis of PM_2.5 Transport Characteristics and Continuous Improvement in High-Emission-Load Areas of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region in Winter

by Yuyao Qiang, Chuanda Wang, Xiaoqi Wang and Shuiyuan Cheng

Sustainability 2025, 17(14), 6389; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146389 - 11 Jul 2025

Abstract

The air quality in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region of China has markedly improved in recent decades. Characterizing current PM_2.5 transmission between cities in light of the continuous reduction in emissions from various sources is of great significance for the formulation of future regional [...] Read more.

The air quality in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region of China has markedly improved in recent decades. Characterizing current PM_2.5 transmission between cities in light of the continuous reduction in emissions from various sources is of great significance for the formulation of future regional joint prevention and control strategies. To address these issues, a WRF-CAMx modeling project was implemented to explore the pollution characteristics from the perspectives of transport flux, regional source apportionment, and the comprehensive impact of multiple pollutants from 2013 to 2020. It was found that the net PM_2.5 transport flux among cities declined considerably during the study period and was positively affected by the continuous reduction in emission sources. The variations in local emissions and transport contributions in various cities from 2013 to 2020 revealed differences in emission control policies and efforts. It is worth noting that under polluted weather conditions, obvious interannual differences in PM_2.5 transport fluxes in the BTH region were observed, emphasizing the need for more scientifically based regional collaborative control strategies. The change in the predominant precursor from SO₂ to NOx has posed new challenges for emission reduction. NOx emission reductions will significantly decrease PM_2.5 concentrations, while SO₂ and NH₃ reductions show limited effects. The reduction in NOx emissions might have a fluctuating impact on the generation of SOAs, possibly due to changes in atmospheric oxidation. However, the deep treatment of NOx has a positive effect on the synergistic improvement of multiple air pollutants. This emphasizes the need to enhance the reduction in NOx emissions in the future. The results of this study can serve as a reference for the development of effective PM_2.5 precursor control strategies and regional differentiation optimization improvement policies in the BTH region. Full article

18 pages, 3919 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Spatial Distribution of Cultural Ecosystem Services in Rural Landscapes Using PGIS and SolVES

by Yasin Yaman and Seda Örücü

Sustainability 2025, 17(14), 6388; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146388 - 11 Jul 2025

Abstract

Cultural ecosystem services (CES) play a vital role in rural well-being, yet their spatial patterns and local perceptions remain underexplored in many regions, including Türkiye. This study aims to assess the social values of CES in rural landscapes by focusing on the Şarkikaraağaç [...] Read more.

Cultural ecosystem services (CES) play a vital role in rural well-being, yet their spatial patterns and local perceptions remain underexplored in many regions, including Türkiye. This study aims to assess the social values of CES in rural landscapes by focusing on the Şarkikaraağaç and Yenişarbademli districts of Isparta Province. Using Participatory Geographic Information Systems (PGIS) and the Social Values for Ecosystem Services (SolVES) models, we collected and analyzed spatial data from 836 community surveys, mapping 3771 CES value points. Sentinel-2A imagery and derived indices (NDVI, NDWI, SAVI, NDBI) were used to classify landscape infrastructures into green, blue, yellow, and grey categories. The results show that aesthetic and recreational services were most highly valued, followed by biodiversity, spiritual, and therapeutic values. Chi-square and Kruskal–Wallis tests revealed significant demographic and spatial variation in CES preferences, while Principal Component Analysis highlighted two key dimensions of value perception. MaxEnt-based modeling within SolVES confirmed the spatial distribution of CES with high predictive accuracy (AUC > 0.93). Our findings underscore the importance of integrating CES into sustainable land-use planning and suggest that infrastructure type and proximity to natural features significantly influence CES valuation in rural settings. Full article

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31 pages, 978 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Production of Lanhouin—A Fermented Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Using the Selected Lactiplantibacillus pentosus Probiotic Strain

by Vasilica Barbu, Chimène Agrippine Rodogune Yelouassi, Mihaela Cotârleț, Leontina Grigore-Gurgu, Comlan Kintomagnimessè Célestin Tchekessi and Pierre Dossou-Yovo

Sustainability 2025, 17(14), 6387; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146387 - 11 Jul 2025

Abstract

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) preserve many foods and play a vital role in fermented food products. This study designed a controlled biotechnological process of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fermentation with a LAB starter culture isolated from corn hydrolysate. The BY (B [...] Read more.

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) preserve many foods and play a vital role in fermented food products. This study designed a controlled biotechnological process of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fermentation with a LAB starter culture isolated from corn hydrolysate. The BY (Barbu-Yelouassi) LAB strain was characterized regarding fermentative and antimicrobial potential, and its adaptability in the simulated gastrointestinal system (SGIS). After 10–12 h of cultivation on MRS broth (De Man Rogosa and Sharpe), the strain achieved the maximum exponential growth, produced maximum lactic acid (33.04%), and decreased the acidity up to pH 4. Also, the isolated strain showed increased tolerance to an acidic pH (3.5–2.0), high concentrations of salt (2–10%), and high concentrations of bile salts (≤ 2%). The behavior in SGIS demonstrated good viability after 2 h in artificial gastric juice (AGJ) (1 × 10⁷ CFU/mL) and up to 2 x 10³ CFU/mL after another 6 h in artificial intestinal juice (AIJ). The characterized BY strain was identified with the API 50CHL microtest (BioMerieux) as Lactiplantibacillus pentosus (Lbp. pentosus) (90.9% probability), taxon confirmed by genomic DNA sequencing. It was also demonstrated that Lbp. pentosus BY inhibited the growth of pathogenic bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, and sporulated bacteria, such as Bacillus cereus. Additionally, it suppressed the sporulation of fungi like Aspergillus niger, Fusarium sp., and Penicillium sp. Furthermore, the Lbp. pentosus BY strain was used to ferment catfish, resulting in three variants of lanhouin (unsalted, with 10% salt, and with 15% salt), which exhibited good microbiological safety. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Food Preservation)

23 pages, 2602 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Forecast of CO₂ and Pollutant Emission Reductions from Electric Vehicles in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei

by Li Li, Honglin Liu and Bingchun Liu

Sustainability 2025, 17(14), 6386; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146386 - 11 Jul 2025

Abstract

The promotion of new energy vehicles (NEVs) represents a critical strategy for mitigating carbon emissions and air pollution. To evaluate the CO₂ and air pollutant reduction potential of NEVs in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, this study developed an integrated framework combining gray correlation [...] Read more.

The promotion of new energy vehicles (NEVs) represents a critical strategy for mitigating carbon emissions and air pollution. To evaluate the CO₂ and air pollutant reduction potential of NEVs in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, this study developed an integrated framework combining gray correlation analysis (GRA) and bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM), referred to as the GRA-BiLSTM model, to forecast the adoption trend of NEVs and calculate the CO₂ and air pollutant emission reduction. The GRA-BiLSTM model developed in this study shows optimal predictive performance. The results indicate that new energy vehicles (NEVs) have great potential for environmental collaborative emission reduction in the transportation sector: it is predicted that by 2035, the total number of NEVs will be nearly 11.88 million, with a cumulative reduction of 2.76 billion tons of carbon emissions and significant reductions in various key air pollutants. This study provides an important quantitative basis for formulating pollution reduction and carbon reduction policies in the transportation sector. Full article

17 pages, 1475 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Optimal Collector Tilt Angle to Maximize Solar Fraction in Residential Heating Systems: A Numerical Study for Temperate Climates

by Krzysztof Kupiec and Barbara Król

Sustainability 2025, 17(14), 6385; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146385 - 11 Jul 2025

Abstract

The performance of solar thermal systems for space heating and domestic hot water (DHW) production depends on the tilt angle of solar collectors, which governs the amount and seasonal distribution of captured solar radiation. This study evaluates the impact of fixed collector tilt [...] Read more.

The performance of solar thermal systems for space heating and domestic hot water (DHW) production depends on the tilt angle of solar collectors, which governs the amount and seasonal distribution of captured solar radiation. This study evaluates the impact of fixed collector tilt angles on the annual solar fraction (SF) of a solar heating system designed for a typical single-family house located in Kraków, Poland (50° N latitude). A numerical model based on the f-Chart method was employed to simulate system performance under varying collector areas, storage tank volumes, heat exchanger characteristics, and DHW proportions. The analysis revealed that although total annual irradiation decreases with increasing tilt angle, the SF reaches a maximum at a tilt angle of approximately 60°, which is about 10° higher than the local geographic latitude. This configuration offers a favorable balance between winter energy gain and summer overheating mitigation. The results align with empirical recommendations in the literature and offer practical guidance for optimizing fixed-tilt solar heating systems in temperate climates. Full article

24 pages, 237 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Student Perceptions of Sustainability in the HoReCa Sector: Awareness, Engagement, and Challenges

by Marian Mocan, Larisa Ivascu, Timea Agache and Andrei Agache

Sustainability 2025, 17(14), 6384; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146384 - 11 Jul 2025

Abstract

The HoReCa (Hotels, Restaurants, and Cafes) sector plays a pivotal role in the economy due to its strong connections with various other industries, including agriculture, food and beverage, construction, packaging, waste management, water, and textiles. Given its broad impact, understanding the perceptions of [...] Read more.

The HoReCa (Hotels, Restaurants, and Cafes) sector plays a pivotal role in the economy due to its strong connections with various other industries, including agriculture, food and beverage, construction, packaging, waste management, water, and textiles. Given its broad impact, understanding the perceptions of students—emerging consumers and future professionals—could provide valuable insights for businesses seeking to enhance sustainable practices in ways that resonate with younger generations and improve their competitiveness. However, there is still limited understanding of how students perceive and engage with sustainability in this sector. This study explores student perceptions of sustainability practices within the HoReCa sector, examining their awareness levels, expectations, and behavior. The objective is to assess how effectively current business approaches align with student values regarding sustainability initiatives and identify key factors influencing their engagement. A structured questionnaire was distributed among university students, and the collected data was analyzed using statistical techniques to identify meaningful trends and correlations. Findings revealed a notable disconnect between students’ professed sustainability values and their actual behavior. Primary obstacles included price sensitivity, skepticism toward environmental marketing claims, and insufficient access to clear sustainability information from businesses. Despite supporting sustainable initiatives in principle, students often struggle to translate their values into purchasing decisions. The research suggests that greater business transparency, enhanced sustainability education, and incentive programs could foster increased student engagement. Full article

21 pages, 3422 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Techno-Economic Optimization of a Grid-Tied PV/Battery System in Johannesburg’s Subtropical Highland Climate

by Webster J. Makhubele, Bonginkosi A. Thango and Kingsley A. Ogudo

Sustainability 2025, 17(14), 6383; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146383 - 11 Jul 2025

Abstract

With rising energy costs and the need for sustainable power solutions in urban South African settings, grid-tied renewable energy systems have become viable alternatives for reducing dependence on traditional grid supply. This study investigates the techno-economic feasibility of a grid-connected hybrid photovoltaic (PV) [...] Read more.

With rising energy costs and the need for sustainable power solutions in urban South African settings, grid-tied renewable energy systems have become viable alternatives for reducing dependence on traditional grid supply. This study investigates the techno-economic feasibility of a grid-connected hybrid photovoltaic (PV) and battery storage system designed for a commercial facility located in Johannesburg, South Africa—an area characterized by a subtropical highland climate. We conducted the analysis using the HOMER Grid software and evaluated the performance of the proposed PV/battery system against the baseline grid-only configuration. Simulation results indicate that the optimal systems, comprising 337 kW of flat-plate PV and 901 kWh of lithium-ion battery storage, offers a significant reduction in electricity expenditure, lowering the annual utility cost from $39,229 to $897. The system demonstrates a simple payback period of less than two years and achieves a net present value (NPV) of approximately $449,491 over a 25-year project lifespan. In addition to delivering substantial cost savings, the proposed configuration also enhances energy resilience. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the impact of variables such as inflation rate, discount rate, and load profile fluctuations on system performance and economic returns. The results affirm the suitability of hybrid grid-tied PV/battery systems for cost-effective, sustainable urban energy solutions in climates with high solar potential. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Renewable and Sustainable Energy for Sustainability Future: Current State, Potential and Perspectives)

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25 pages, 2378 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Sustainable IoT-Enabled Parking Management: A Multiagent Simulation Framework for Smart Urban Mobility

by Ibrahim Mutambik

Sustainability 2025, 17(14), 6382; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146382 - 11 Jul 2025

Abstract

The efficient management of urban parking systems has emerged as a pivotal issue in today’s smart cities, where increasing vehicle populations strain limited parking infrastructure and challenge sustainable urban mobility. Aligned with the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the strategic [...] Read more.

The efficient management of urban parking systems has emerged as a pivotal issue in today’s smart cities, where increasing vehicle populations strain limited parking infrastructure and challenge sustainable urban mobility. Aligned with the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the strategic goals of smart city planning, this study presents a sustainability-driven, multiagent simulation-based framework to model, analyze, and optimize smart parking dynamics in congested urban settings. The system architecture integrates ground-level IoT sensors installed in parking spaces, enabling real-time occupancy detection and communication with a centralized system using low-power wide-area communication protocols (LPWAN). This study introduces an intelligent parking guidance mechanism that dynamically directs drivers to the nearest available slots based on location, historical traffic flow, and predicted availability. To manage real-time data flow, the framework incorporates message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) protocols and edge processing units for low-latency updates. A predictive algorithm, combining spatial data, usage patterns, and time-series forecasting, supports decision-making for future slot allocation and dynamic pricing policies. Field simulations, calibrated with sensor data in a representative high-density urban district, assess system performance under peak and off-peak conditions. A comparative evaluation against traditional first-come-first-served and static parking systems highlights significant gains: average parking search time is reduced by 42%, vehicular congestion near parking zones declines by 35%, and emissions from circling vehicles drop by 27%. The system also improves user satisfaction by enabling mobile app-based reservation and payment options. These findings contribute to broader sustainability goals by supporting efficient land use, reducing environmental impacts, and enhancing urban livability—key dimensions emphasized in sustainable smart city strategies. The proposed framework offers a scalable, interdisciplinary solution for urban planners and policymakers striving to design inclusive, resilient, and environmentally responsible urban mobility systems. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainability, Strategic Management, Smart Governance and Smart Cities: 2nd Edition)

19 pages, 520 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Impact of Financial Development on Renewable Energy Consumption: Evidence from RECAI Countries

by Dilber Doğan, Yakup Söylemez, Şenol Doğan and Neslihan Akça

Sustainability 2025, 17(14), 6381; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146381 - 11 Jul 2025

Abstract

Many environmental risks, such as global warming and depletion of natural resources, force governments to achieve economic growth and financial development without causing environmental degradation. The dependency of countries’ dependence on fossil fuels also causes energy supply security problems due to the associated [...] Read more.

Many environmental risks, such as global warming and depletion of natural resources, force governments to achieve economic growth and financial development without causing environmental degradation. The dependency of countries’ dependence on fossil fuels also causes energy supply security problems due to the associated risks at regional and global levels. These reasons lead countries to diversify and increase their renewable energy investments. In this context, this study focuses on the most attractive countries in terms of renewable energy investments and analyzes the relationships between renewable energy consumption (REC), carbon dioxide emissions (CO₂), economic growth (EGRO), financial development (FD), and energy dependence (EDP) using the panel regression method. This research uses data from 38 countries between 1991 and 2021 within the scope of the “Renewable Energy Attractiveness Index” (RECAI) created by Ernst & Young. As a result of the heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependency tests, the data were analyzed using the Westerlund cointegration test, the Augmented Mean Group (AMG) estimator, and the Emirmahmutoglu and Kose causality test. The findings from this study show that FD and EGRO have a positive and significant effect on REC, whereas they have a negative and significant relationship with CO₂ emissions. Findings from the causality test show that FD has an impact on both CO₂ and EGRO. In addition, within the scope of this study, a causality was determined between EDP and REC, and a mutual relationship between energy demand and CO₂ was revealed. In light of these findings, governments should increase their investments in renewable energy to ensure sustainable economic growth and energy supply security while minimizing environmental degradation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Economic and Business Aspects of Sustainability)

15 pages, 2146 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Designing Cross-Domain Sustainability Instruction in Higher Education: A Mixed-Methods Study Using AHP and Transformative Pedagogy

by Wan-Ting Xie, Shang-Tse Ho and Han-Chien Lin

Sustainability 2025, 17(14), 6380; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146380 - 11 Jul 2025

Abstract

This study proposes an interdisciplinary instructional model tailored for Functional Ecological Carbon (FEC) education, combining Electronic, Mobilize, and Ubiquitous (E/M/U) learning principles with the Practical Transformational Teaching Method (PTtM). The research adopts a mixed-methods framework, utilizing the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to prioritize [...] Read more.

This study proposes an interdisciplinary instructional model tailored for Functional Ecological Carbon (FEC) education, combining Electronic, Mobilize, and Ubiquitous (E/M/U) learning principles with the Practical Transformational Teaching Method (PTtM). The research adopts a mixed-methods framework, utilizing the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to prioritize teaching objectives and interpret student evaluations, alongside qualitative insights from reflective journals, open-ended surveys, and focus group discussions. The results indicate that hands-on experience, interdisciplinary collaboration, and context-aware applications play a critical role in fostering ecological awareness and responsibility among students. Notably, modules such as biosafety testing and water purification prompted transformative engagement with sustainability issues. The study contributes to sustainability education by integrating a decision-analytic structure with reflective learning and intelligent instructional strategies. The proposed model provides valuable implications for educators and policymakers designing interdisciplinary sustainability curricula in smart learning environments. Full article

18 pages, 797 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Digital Sustainability Lens: Investigating Medical Students’ Adoption Intentions for AI-Powered NLP Tools in Learning Environments

by Mostafa Aboulnour Salem

Sustainability 2025, 17(14), 6379; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146379 - 11 Jul 2025

Abstract

This study investigates medical students’ intentions to adopt AI-powered Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools (e.g., ChatGPT, Copilot) within educational contexts aligned with the perceived requirements of digital sustainability. Based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), data were collected [...] Read more.

This study investigates medical students’ intentions to adopt AI-powered Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools (e.g., ChatGPT, Copilot) within educational contexts aligned with the perceived requirements of digital sustainability. Based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), data were collected from 301 medical students in Saudi Arabia and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that Performance Expectancy (PE) (β = 0.65), Effort Expectancy (EE) (β = 0.58), and Social Influence (SI) (β = 0.53) collectively and significantly predict Behavioral Intention (BI), explicating 62% of the variance in BI (R² = 0.62). AI awareness did not significantly influence students’ responses or the relationships among constructs, possibly because practical familiarity and widespread exposure to AI-NLP tools exert a stronger influence than general awareness. Moreover, BI exhibited a strong positive effect on perceptions of digital sustainability (PDS) (β = 0.72, R² = 0.51), highlighting a meaningful link between AI adoption and sustainable digital practices. Consequently, these findings indicate the strategic role of AI-driven NLP tools as both educational innovations and key enablers of digital sustainability, aligning with global frameworks such as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 4 and 9. The study also concerns AI’s transformative potential in medical education and recommends further research, particularly longitudinal studies, to better understand the evolving impact of AI awareness on students’ adoption behaviours. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue AI for Sustainable Development: Applications and Impacts across Industries)

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25 pages, 941 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Sustainability in Action: Analyzing Mahasarakham University’s Integration of SDGs in Education, Research, and Operations

by Woraluck Sribanasarn, Anujit Phumiphan, Siwa Kaewplang, Mathinee Khotdee, Ounla Sivanpheng and Anongrit Kangrang

Sustainability 2025, 17(14), 6378; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146378 - 11 Jul 2025

Abstract

The UI GreenMetric World University Ranking has become a widely adopted instrument for benchmarking institutional sustainability performance; nevertheless, empirically grounded evidence from universities in diverse regional contexts remains scarce. This study undertakes a rigorous appraisal of the extent to which Mahasarakham University (MSU) [...] Read more.

The UI GreenMetric World University Ranking has become a widely adopted instrument for benchmarking institutional sustainability performance; nevertheless, empirically grounded evidence from universities in diverse regional contexts remains scarce. This study undertakes a rigorous appraisal of the extent to which Mahasarakham University (MSU) has institutionalized the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) within its pedagogical offerings, research portfolio, community outreach, and governance arrangements during the 2021–2024 strategic cycle. Employing a mixed-methods design and guided by the 2024 UI GreenMetric Education and Research indicators, this investigation analyzed institutional datasets pertaining to curriculum provision, ring-fenced research funding, 574 peer-reviewed sustainability publications, student-led community initiatives, and supporting governance mechanisms; the analysis was interpreted through a Plan–Do–Check–Act management lens. The number of sustainability-oriented academic programs expanded from 49 to 58. Student participation in community service activities strongly recovered following the COVID-19 pandemic, and MSU’s GreenMetric score increased from 7575 to 8475, thereby elevating the institution to the 100th position globally. These gains were facilitated by strategic SDG-aligned investment, cross-sector collaboration, and the consolidation of international partnerships anchored in Thailand’s Isaan region. The MSU case provides a transferable model for universities—particularly those operating in resource-constrained contexts—endeavoring to align institutional development with the SDGs and internationally recognized quality benchmarks. The findings substantiate the capacity of transformative education and applied research to engender enduring societal and environmental benefits. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Education for Sustainable Development and Science Teaching)

21 pages, 1615 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Fostering a Sustainable Campus: A Successful Selective Waste Collection Initiative in a Brazilian University

by Geovana Dagostim Savi-Bortolotto, Ana Carolina Pescador, Tiago Bortolotto, Camila Garbin Sandi, Alícia Viana de Oliveira, Matheus Rodrigues Pereira Mendes, Kátia Cilene Rodrigues Madruga and Afonso Henrique da Silva Júnior

Sustainability 2025, 17(14), 6377; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146377 - 11 Jul 2025

Abstract

This study reports a successful selective waste collection initiative led by UFSC’s Araranguá campus in a municipality without a recycling system. The initiative, named “Recicla UFSC Ara”, was structured around three main components: (i) the installation of color-coded bins for recyclable waste (including [...] Read more.

This study reports a successful selective waste collection initiative led by UFSC’s Araranguá campus in a municipality without a recycling system. The initiative, named “Recicla UFSC Ara”, was structured around three main components: (i) the installation of color-coded bins for recyclable waste (including paper, plastic, metals, and polystyrene) and non-recyclable waste in indoor and common areas; (ii) the establishment of a Voluntary Delivery Point (PEV) to gather specific recyclable materials, such as glass, electronics waste, plastic bottles, writing instruments, and bottle caps; and (iii) the execution of periodic educational community-focused campaigns aimed at encouraging participation from both the university and the broader local community. Recyclables were manually sorted and weighed during regular collection rounds, and contamination rates were calculated. Quantitative data collected from 2022 to 2025 were analyzed using descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA to assess waste generation and contamination trends. Gathered recyclables were directed to appropriate partner institutions, including local “Ecoponto”, non-profit organizations, and corporate recycling programs. The study also conducted a literature review of similar university-led waste management programs to identify standard practices and regional specificities, providing a comparative analysis that highlights both shared elements and distinctive contributions of the UFSC model. Results demonstrate a significant volume of waste diverted from landfills and a gradual improvement in waste disposal practices among the university community. Targeted communication and operational changes mitigated key challenges, improper disposal, and logistical issues. This case underscores the role of universities as agents of environmental education and local sustainable development. Full article

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15 pages, 12820 KiB

Open AccessArticle

MCDM-Based Analysis of Site Suitability for Renewable Energy Community Projects in the Gargano District

by Rosa Agliata, Filippo Busato and Andrea Presciutti

Sustainability 2025, 17(14), 6376; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146376 - 11 Jul 2025

Abstract

The increasing urgency of the energy transition, particularly in ecologically sensitive regions, demands spatially informed planning tools to guide renewable energy development. This study presents a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) approach to assess the suitability of the Gargano district in southern Italy for the [...] Read more.

The increasing urgency of the energy transition, particularly in ecologically sensitive regions, demands spatially informed planning tools to guide renewable energy development. This study presents a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) approach to assess the suitability of the Gargano district in southern Italy for the implementation of Renewable Energy Communities. The analysis combines expert-based weighting and the Weighted Linear Combination method to evaluate seven key criteria grouped into environmental, socioeconomic, and technical dimensions. The resulting suitability scores, calculated at the municipal scale, highlight spatial disparities across the district, revealing that areas with the highest potential for Renewable Energy Community (REC) deployment are largely situated at the boundaries of the Gargano National Park. These zones benefit from stronger infrastructure, higher energy demand, and fewer environmental constraints, particularly with regard to wind energy initiatives. Conversely, municipalities within the park exhibit lower suitability, constrained by strict landscape regulations and lower population density. The findings provide valuable insights for regional planners and policymakers, supporting the adoption of targeted, environmentally compatible strategies for the advancement of citizen-led renewable energy initiatives in complex territorial contexts. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Energy Sustainability)

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23 pages, 2221 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Application of Binary Logistic Regression in Modeling the Post-COVID-19 Effects on Food Security: In Search of Policy Recommendations in Promoting Sustainable Livelihoods for Food-Insecure Households

by Khaeriyah Darwis, Muslim Salam, Musran Munizu, Pipi Diansari, Sitti Bulkis, Rahmadanih, Muhammad Hatta Jamil, Letty Fudjaja, Akhsan, Ayu Wulandary, Muhammad Ridwan and Hamed Noralla Bakheet Ali

Sustainability 2025, 17(14), 6375; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146375 - 11 Jul 2025

Abstract

COVID-19 has caused global problems with complex ramifications. Vulnerable households worry about disruptions to food security. Mobility restrictions, decreased salaries, and supply chain disruptions have increased food insecurity. This study examined the best food security model and its determinants. The primary research data [...] Read more.

COVID-19 has caused global problems with complex ramifications. Vulnerable households worry about disruptions to food security. Mobility restrictions, decreased salaries, and supply chain disruptions have increased food insecurity. This study examined the best food security model and its determinants. The primary research data were collected from 257 respondents via cluster random sampling. Binary logistic regression, using R-Studio, was employed to analyze the data. The study showed that the Minimal Model (MM) was optimal in explaining food security status, with three predictors: the available food stock (AFS), education of the household head (EHH), and household income (HIc). This aligned with studies showing that food purchase ability depends on income and education. Male household heads demonstrated better food security than females, while women’s education influenced consumption through improved nutritional knowledge. Higher income provides more alternatives for meeting needs, while decreased income limits options. Food reserve storage influenced household food security during the pandemic. The Minimal Model effectively influenced food security through the AFS, EHH, and HIc. The findings underline the importance of available food stock, household head education, and household income in developing approaches to assist food-insecure households. The research makes a significant contribution to ensuring food availability and promoting sustainable development post-pandemic. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Sustainable Food)

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21 pages, 583 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Development of a Sustainability-Oriented KPI Selection Model for Manufacturing Processes

by Kristo Karjust, Marmar Mehrparvar, Sergei Kaganski and Tõnis Raamets

Sustainability 2025, 17(14), 6374; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146374 - 11 Jul 2025

Abstract

Modern manufacturing systems operate in a global and competitive environment, where sustainability has become a critical driver for performance. Performance measurement, as a method for monitoring enterprise processes, plays a central role in aligning operational efficiency with sustainable development goals. Recently, a number [...] Read more.

Modern manufacturing systems operate in a global and competitive environment, where sustainability has become a critical driver for performance. Performance measurement, as a method for monitoring enterprise processes, plays a central role in aligning operational efficiency with sustainable development goals. Recently, a number of different frameworks, systems, and methods have been proposed for small and medium enterprises. Key performance indicators (KPIs) are known to be powerful tools which provide accurate information regarding bottlenecks and weak spots in companies. The purpose of the current study is to develop an advanced KPI selection/prioritization model and apply it in practice. The initial set of KPIs are obtained based on a literature review. The expert’s knowledge, outlier methods, and optimization of the enterprise analysis model (EAM) are utilized for reducing the initial set of KPIs. A fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (AHP) is implemented for prioritization of the criteria. Five different MCDM (multi-criteria decision-making) algorithms are implemented for prioritization of the KPIs. The recently introduced RADAR method is extended to the fuzzy RADAR method, providing a flexible approach for handling uncertainties. An analysis and comparison of the rankings obtained by utilizing five MCDM algorithms is performed. The prioritized KPIs provide valuable input for improving KPIs with the highest impact in particular small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) when implementing sustainability-aligned performance metrics. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Logistics Optimization and Sustainable Operations Management)

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