You seem to have javascript disabled. Please note that many of the page functionalities won't work as expected without javascript enabled.

Search for Articles:

Title / Keyword

Author / Affiliation / Email

Journal

Article Type

Advanced Search

Section

Special Issue

Volume

Issue

Number

Page

Logical OperatorOperator

Search Text

Search Type

Topical Advisory Panel applications are now closed. Please contact the Editorial Office with any queries.

Journal Description

Sustainability

Sustainability is an international, peer-reviewed, open-access journal on environmental, cultural, economic, and social sustainability of human beings, published semimonthly online by MDPI. The Canadian Urban Transit Research & Innovation Consortium (CUTRIC), International Council for Research and Innovation in Building and Construction (CIB) and Urban Land Institute (ULI) are affiliated with Sustainability and their members receive discounts on the article processing charges.

Open Access— free for readers, with article processing charges (APC) paid by authors or their institutions.
High Visibility: indexed within Scopus, SCIE and SSCI (Web of Science), GEOBASE, GeoRef, Inspec, RePEc, CAPlus / SciFinder, and other databases.
Journal Rank: JCR - Q2 (Environmental Studies) / CiteScore - Q1 (Geography, Planning and Development)
Rapid Publication: manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision is provided to authors approximately 19.3 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 3.4 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the first half of 2025).
Recognition of Reviewers: reviewers who provide timely, thorough peer-review reports receive vouchers entitling them to a discount on the APC of their next publication in any MDPI journal, in appreciation of the work done.
Testimonials: See what our editors and authors say about Sustainability.
Companion journals for Sustainability include: World, Sustainable Chemistry, Conservation, Future Transportation, Architecture, Standards, Merits, Bioresources and Bioproducts and Accounting and Auditing.

Impact Factor: 3.3 (2024); 5-Year Impact Factor: 3.6 (2024)

Imprint Information Journal Flyer Open Access ISSN: 2071-1050

Latest Articles

20 pages, 1174 KB

Open AccessArticle

A Study on the Driving Factors of Continued Use of Sustainable Ready-to-Drink Packaging: The Moderating Roles of Perceived Sustainability and Perceived Value Fit

by Yidong Liu, Yongxin Wu, Xichen Feng and Euitay Jung

Sustainability 2025, 17(17), 7797; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17177797 (registering DOI) - 29 Aug 2025

This study, based on the Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior (DTPB), constructs and validates a systematic model to explore the key drivers influencing consumers’ continuous usage intention of sustainable Ready-to-Drink (RTD) beverage packaging. The model includes perceived value and social normative paths, introducing [...] Read more.

This study, based on the Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior (DTPB), constructs and validates a systematic model to explore the key drivers influencing consumers’ continuous usage intention of sustainable Ready-to-Drink (RTD) beverage packaging. The model includes perceived value and social normative paths, introducing perceived sustainability (PS) and perceived value fit (PVF) as moderators to reveal the role of contextual perceptions in green consumption decision-making. Empirical results show that all conventional path hypotheses (H1–H6) are supported. Among the moderating effect hypotheses, H7b, H9a, and H10c are not supported, while the rest hold. Theoretical implications include the following: Perceived Usefulness (PU) and Perceived Enjoyment (PE) significantly and positively influence consumer satisfaction (SA), consistent with the Expectation Confirmation Model (ECM). Both external influence (EI) and interpersonal influence (II) significantly enhance subjective norms (SN), aligning with TPB theory. Self-efficacy (SE) and facilitating conditions (FA) positively affect perceived behavioral control (PBC), consistent with the DTPB model. Satisfaction, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control significantly predict continuous usage intention (UI), with satisfaction showing the strongest effect, highlighting the importance of positive initial experiences for green behavior continuation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Business Circular Economy and Sustainability)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

23 pages, 335 KB

Open AccessArticle

From Policy to Practice: Analyzing Russia’s Experience in Building World-Class Universities via Policy Documents

by Jie Lin, Yongxin Xu and Jun Zhang

Sustainability 2025, 17(17), 7795; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17177795 (registering DOI) - 29 Aug 2025

Since the 21st century, Russia has pursued the construction of world-class universities as a core reform goal in higher education, aiming to address the inadequacies of its post-Soviet higher education system in adapting to international competition. This study systematically examines the historical evolution, [...] Read more.

Since the 21st century, Russia has pursued the construction of world-class universities as a core reform goal in higher education, aiming to address the inadequacies of its post-Soviet higher education system in adapting to international competition. This study systematically examines the historical evolution, strategic framework, key characteristics, and practical challenges of Russia’s efforts over more than two decades. Russia’s practice has gone through three distinct stages: foundational construction (2003–2012), marked by joining the Bologna Process and establishing federal and national research universities; in-depth advancement (2012–2020), driven by initiatives such as the “5–100 Plan,” Global Education Program, and regional flagship universities; and adjustment and optimization (2020–present), represented by the “Priority-2030” plan. These efforts have formed a strategic framework centered on system construction, internationalization, balanced development, and operational support. Key characteristics of Russia’s practice include the integration of strategic stability and tactical flexibility, the complementarity of tiered and classified development, and the coordination of government leadership and university autonomy. However, challenges persist, such as underperformance in global rankings, insufficient funding, uneven resource distribution, and severe talent drain. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Data-Driven Sustainable Development: Techniques and Applications)

21 pages, 6534 KB

Open AccessArticle

Urban-Scale Quantification of Rainfall Interception Drivers in Tree Communities: Implications for Sponge City Planning

by Chaonan Xu, Xiya Zhu, Xiaoyang Tan, Runxin Zhang, Baoguo Liu, Kun Wang, Enkai Xu, Ang Li, Ho Yi Wan, Peihao Song and Shidong Ge

Sustainability 2025, 17(17), 7793; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17177793 (registering DOI) - 29 Aug 2025

Urban trees play a crucial role in regulating hydrological processes within urban ecosystems by intercepting rainfall to effectively reduce surface runoff and mitigate urban flooding. Current research lacks a systematic quantification of rainfall interception capacity and its community-level impacts at the urban scale. [...] Read more.

Urban trees play a crucial role in regulating hydrological processes within urban ecosystems by intercepting rainfall to effectively reduce surface runoff and mitigate urban flooding. Current research lacks a systematic quantification of rainfall interception capacity and its community-level impacts at the urban scale. This study adopts a city-scale perspective, integrating field survey data with the i-Tree Eco model to systematically explore the contributions of 20 factors to the average annual rainfall interception of tree species and the average annual rainfall interception efficiency of communities. The study revealed that Deciduous broadleaf trees (1.28 m³ year⁻¹) and Pure coniferous forests (90.7 mm year⁻¹) exhibited substantial rainfall interception capacity. Relative Height, Average Tree Height, Average Crown Width, and Planting Density of trees significantly influence interception capacity. Urban planning can optimize the selection of tree species (e.g., Paulownia, Populus tomentosa, etc.) and community structure (e.g., mixed planting of conifers and deciduous broadleaf trees) to improve rainfall interception capacity, thereby effectively reducing stormwater runoff, mitigating the risk of urban flooding. These findings provide a scientific basis for designing urban vegetation to mitigate flooding, support water management, and advance sponge city development. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Sustainable Water Management)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

27 pages, 7951 KB

Open AccessArticle

The Influence of Traditional Residential Skywell Forms on Building Performance in Hot and Humid Regions of China—Taking Huangshan Area as an Example

by Lingling Wang, Jilong Zhao, Qingtan Deng, Siyu Wang and Ruixia Liu

Sustainability 2025, 17(17), 7792; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17177792 (registering DOI) - 29 Aug 2025

Skywells are crucial for climate regulation in traditional Chinese dwelling architecture, exhibiting significant variations across climatic regions. This study focuses on humid–hot China, using Huangshan, to explore skywell parameters’ impact on thermal comfort and energy efficiency. Field research on 24 buildings in the [...] Read more.

Skywells are crucial for climate regulation in traditional Chinese dwelling architecture, exhibiting significant variations across climatic regions. This study focuses on humid–hot China, using Huangshan, to explore skywell parameters’ impact on thermal comfort and energy efficiency. Field research on 24 buildings in the World Heritage Site Xidi, Hong Villages, and Chinese Historical Pingshan Village, combined with Grasshopper’s Ladybug tool, established a parametric model. Using orthogonal design, performance simulation, and Python-based machine learning, six morphological parameters were analyzed: width-to-length ratio, height-to-width ratio, orientation, hall depth, wing width, and shading width. After NSGA-II multi-objective optimization, the summer Percentage of Time Comfortable (P_TC) increased by 5.3%, 38.14 h; the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) relatively improved by 2%; energy consumption decreased by 8.6%, 0.14 kWh/m²; and the useful daylight illuminance increased by 28%, 128.4 h. This confirms the climate adaptability of courtyard-style buildings in humid–hot China and identifies optimized skywell parameters within the study scope. Full article

(This article belongs to the Collection Sustainable Built Environment)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

28 pages, 1414 KB

Open AccessArticle

Integrating Off-Site Modular Construction and BIM for Sustainable Multifamily Buildings: A Case Study in Rio de Janeiro

by Matheus Q. Vargas, Ana Briga-Sá, Dieter Boer, Mohammad K. Najjar and Assed N. Haddad

Sustainability 2025, 17(17), 7791; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17177791 (registering DOI) - 29 Aug 2025

The construction industry faces persistent challenges, including low productivity, high waste generation, and resistance to technological innovation. Off-site modular construction, supported by Building Information Modeling (BIM), emerges as a promising strategy to address these issues and advance sustainability goals. This study aims to [...] Read more.

The construction industry faces persistent challenges, including low productivity, high waste generation, and resistance to technological innovation. Off-site modular construction, supported by Building Information Modeling (BIM), emerges as a promising strategy to address these issues and advance sustainability goals. This study aims to evaluate the practical impacts of industrialized off-site construction in the Brazilian context, focusing on cost, execution time, structural weight, and architectural–logistical constraints. The novelty lies in applying the methodology to a high standard, mixed-use multifamily building, an atypical scenario for modular construction in Brazil, and employing a MultiCriteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) to integrate results. A detailed case study is developed comparing conventional and off-site construction approaches using BIM-assisted analyses for weight reduction, cost estimates, and schedule optimization. The results show an 89% reduction in structural weight, a 6% decrease in overall costs, and a 40% reduction in project duration when adopting fully off-site solutions. The integration of results was performed through the Weighted Scoring Method (WSM), a form of MCDA chosen for its transparency and adaptability to case studies. While this study defined weights and scores, the framework allows the future incorporation of stakeholder input. Challenges identified include the need for early design integration, transport limitations, and site-specific constraints. By quantifying benefits and limitations, this study contributes to expanding the understanding of off-site modular adaptability of construction projects beyond low-cost housing, demonstrating its potential for diverse projects and advancing its implementation in emerging markets. Beyond technical and economic outcomes, the study also frames off-site modular construction within the three pillars of sustainability. Environmentally, it reduces structural weight, resource consumption, and on-site waste; economically, it improves cost efficiency and project delivery times; and socially, it offers potential benefits such as safer working conditions, reduced urban disruption, and faster provision of community-oriented buildings. These dimensions highlight its broader contribution to sustainable development in Brazil. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Building Information Modeling and Technology Applications in Construction)

13 pages, 901 KB

Open AccessArticle

Socio-Spatial Disparities in Heatwave Risk Perception and Cooling Shelter Utilization in Gwangju, South Korea

by Byoungchull Oh, Beungyong Park and Suh-hyun Kwon

Sustainability 2025, 17(17), 7790; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17177790 (registering DOI) - 29 Aug 2025

Heatwaves are increasing in frequency and intensity owing to climate change, posing severe health risks to urban populations, particularly vulnerable groups. This study investigates public perceptions, adaptive behavior, and policy awareness regarding extreme heat in Gwangju Metropolitan City, South Korea, a heat-prone urban [...] Read more.

Heatwaves are increasing in frequency and intensity owing to climate change, posing severe health risks to urban populations, particularly vulnerable groups. This study investigates public perceptions, adaptive behavior, and policy awareness regarding extreme heat in Gwangju Metropolitan City, South Korea, a heat-prone urban area. Using a mixed-methods approach, we analyzed primary survey data from 814 residents and secondary data from the 2020 Gwangju Citizen Heatwave Awareness Survey. Statistical analyses, including chi-squared and t-tests, examined differences across socioeconomic age groups. Results indicate that while general awareness of heatwave risks is high, low-income residents exhibit lower perceived severity, limited access to mechanical cooling, and greater reliance on passive avoidance behaviors. Awareness and use of municipal cooling shelters were low, with satisfaction hindered by concerns over accessibility, cleanliness, and operational hours. Television and emergency text alerts were the main information channels; however, trust and perceived usefulness were limited. Policy recommendations include spatially targeted shelter placement informed by vulnerability mapping, improved operational standards, diversified risk communication, and enhanced community engagement. This study underscores the importance of equity-driven adaptation strategies and provides practical insights for global municipalities facing similar climate-related heat risks. Full article

16 pages, 8998 KB

Open AccessArticle

Multi-Scenario Prediction and Driving Factor Analysis of Fractional Vegetation Cover in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Urban Cluster

by Haohui Liu, Wei Liu, Junyue Wang, Liangqi Wang, Kaiming Li and Fen Zhao

Sustainability 2025, 17(17), 7788; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17177788 (registering DOI) - 29 Aug 2025

Rapid urbanization has increased pressure on ecosystems, posing serious risks to environmental quality and sustainable development. Understanding the spatiotemporal dynamics and driving mechanisms of Fractional Vegetation Cover (FVC), a key indicator of ecological health, is essential for advancing high-quality regional development and ecological [...] Read more.

Rapid urbanization has increased pressure on ecosystems, posing serious risks to environmental quality and sustainable development. Understanding the spatiotemporal dynamics and driving mechanisms of Fractional Vegetation Cover (FVC), a key indicator of ecological health, is essential for advancing high-quality regional development and ecological civilization. In this study, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), meteorological, and socio-economic data from 2000 to 2022 were used to analyze the changes and driving forces of FVC in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) urban cluster using a pixel dichotomy model and Partial Least Square–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS–SEM). The CA-Markov model was applied to predict future FVC patterns under different scenarios. The results show that FVC in the BTH increased from 0.462 to 0.576 between 2000 and 2022. However, this positive trend was accompanied by pronounced spatial differences: FVC increased significantly in the northwestern mountains, while it declined in urban built-up areas. PLS–SEM analysis further indicated that climate factors were the main drivers of FVC growth (0.903), whereas socioeconomic (−0.469) and topographic (−0.260) factors exerted limiting effects. Compared with 2022, FVC declined to varying degrees under all scenarios. Notably, the ecological protection scenario resulted in far less FVC degradation than the inertial development and economic priority scenarios. These findings provide scientific support for spatial planning and emphasize the importance of ecological protection policies in sustaining vegetation and promoting long-term sustainable development. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

25 pages, 429 KB

Open AccessArticle

How Does Artificial Intelligence Application Enable Sustainable Breakthrough Innovation? Evidence from Chinese Enterprises

by Zhongyuan Sun, Xuelong Wu, Ying Dong and Xuming Lou

Sustainability 2025, 17(17), 7787; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17177787 (registering DOI) - 29 Aug 2025

As the core driving force of the new generation of industrial revolution, artificial intelligence technology has brought new opportunities for empowering enterprise innovation and advancing sustainability. Focusing on Chinese A-share listed enterprises and based on the unbalanced panel data from 2011 to 2023, [...] Read more.

As the core driving force of the new generation of industrial revolution, artificial intelligence technology has brought new opportunities for empowering enterprise innovation and advancing sustainability. Focusing on Chinese A-share listed enterprises and based on the unbalanced panel data from 2011 to 2023, this study systematically examines the relationship mechanism between artificial intelligence (AI) application and enterprise breakthrough innovation, and further explores the mediating effect of knowledge recombination and the moderating role of market competition. The empirical results show that AI application has a significant promoting effect on the enterprise breakthrough innovation. Knowledge recombination creation and knowledge recombination reuse play mediating roles in the relationship between the AI application and enterprise breakthrough innovation, forming the key transmission path for empowering breakthrough innovation with AI. In addition, market competition positively moderates the relationship between knowledge recombination and enterprise breakthrough innovation and strengthens the driving effect of knowledge recombination on innovation output, thus fostering more sustainable competitive advantages. Full article

26 pages, 1029 KB

Open AccessArticle

An Exploration of the Influence Mechanism of Resource Bricolage and Ambidextrous Learning on Micro-Innovation in New Ventures: The Moderating Roles of Customer Participation and Government Support

by Weiming Li, Boyang Cao and Chunyan Li

Sustainability 2025, 17(17), 7786; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17177786 (registering DOI) - 29 Aug 2025

Resource bricolage, centered on breaking through resource constraints, emphasizes providing innovation momentum for new ventures by creatively reorganizing existing resources at hand. Existing studies have confirmed that resource bricolage exerts an impact on corporate innovation, yet explorations into this approach’s mechanism of action [...] Read more.

Resource bricolage, centered on breaking through resource constraints, emphasizes providing innovation momentum for new ventures by creatively reorganizing existing resources at hand. Existing studies have confirmed that resource bricolage exerts an impact on corporate innovation, yet explorations into this approach’s mechanism of action remain insufficient. Based on resource bricolage theory and organizational ambidexterity theory, this study constructs a theoretical framework of “resource bricolage–ambidextrous learning–micro-innovation”. Using 319 new ventures as samples, hierarchical regression analysis is adopted to empirically test the mediating effect of ambidextrous learning and the moderating effects of government support and customer participation. The results show that resource bricolage has a significant positive impact on micro-innovation, with ambidextrous learning playing a partial mediating role. The research conclusions indicate that under resource-constrained contexts, new ventures can activate idle resources and improve resource efficiency through resource bricolage, thereby reducing reliance on new resource inputs. Under this method, new ventures can also rely on ambidextrous learning to accumulate knowledge and capabilities, laying the foundation for the continuous improvement of micro-innovation and further leverage government support to stabilize resource supply and absorb customer participation to align with market demand. This mechanism ultimately enables the achievement of micro-innovation while enhancing its sustainability. This study enriches resource bricolage theory by unpacking the “resource–learning–innovation” mechanism and provides practical guidance for new ventures to leverage resource bricolage and external support for micro-innovation under resource constraints, which is of reference value for sustainable entrepreneurial practices. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Sustainable Management)

29 pages, 1307 KB

Open AccessArticle

The Landscape Assessment Scale: A New Tool to Evaluate Environmental Qualities

by Silvia Marocco, Valeria Vitale, Elena Grossi, Alessandra Talamo and Fabio Presaghi

Sustainability 2025, 17(17), 7785; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17177785 (registering DOI) - 29 Aug 2025

This study contributes to the growing interest in evaluating environmental qualities and characteristics for the enhancement of social and individual well-being by introducing and validating the Landscape Assessment Scale (LAS), a standardized tool designed to assess key environmental qualities across both natural and [...] Read more.

This study contributes to the growing interest in evaluating environmental qualities and characteristics for the enhancement of social and individual well-being by introducing and validating the Landscape Assessment Scale (LAS), a standardized tool designed to assess key environmental qualities across both natural and urban landscapes within metropolitan settings. The scale comprises 30 items related to 10 key environmental components: coherence, complexity, ephemera, imageability, naturalness, safety, visual scale, stewardship, disturbance, and historicity of places. In study 1, the LAS was first tested on 327 participants, who evaluated either a natural (N = 176) or urban (N = 151) environment. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) revealed three correlated factors: Landscape Disharmony, Landscape Organized Complexity, and Landscape Naturalistic Impact. In study 2, participants (N = 185) were asked to select and to assess two environments (natural and urban) using the shortened LAS and the Perceived Restorativeness Scale (PRS). A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to investigate the invariance of the LAS factor structure in both natural and urban environments, and the correlational analysis was used to investigate LAS convergent validity. The CFA supported the three-factor structure and showed significant correlations between LAS and PRS components, supporting convergent validity. By capturing key perceptual dimensions that are relevant across landscape types, the LAS offers a practical and scientifically robust tool for informing evidence-based urban planning and landscape design. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Well-Being and Urban Green Spaces: Advantages for Sustainable Cities)

29 pages, 2909 KB

Open AccessSystematic Review

The Role of Digital Marketing in Shaping Sustainable Consumption: Insights from a Systematic Literature Review

by Albérico Travassos Rosário and Joana Carmo Dias

Sustainability 2025, 17(17), 7784; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17177784 (registering DOI) - 29 Aug 2025

As global awareness of environmental and social challenges continues to rise, companies are increasingly re-evaluating how they connect with consumers. This study investigates the role of digital marketing in promoting more sustainable consumer behaviours. Based on a systematic review of peer-reviewed literature retrieved [...] Read more.

As global awareness of environmental and social challenges continues to rise, companies are increasingly re-evaluating how they connect with consumers. This study investigates the role of digital marketing in promoting more sustainable consumer behaviours. Based on a systematic review of peer-reviewed literature retrieved from the Scopus database, and conducted following the PRISMA framework, this research analysed 84 academic publications. The findings highlight that strategies such as personalised messaging, social media engagement, influencer collaborations, and eco-conscious branding are significantly influencing purchasing decisions. Approaches rooted in transparency, emotional storytelling, and ethical data practices appear to enhance consumer trust and strengthen brand relationships. Although the field is technically well developed, it remains underexplored in areas such as digital accessibility and ethical governance. Overall, this study suggests that, when aligned with sustainable values, digital marketing becomes more than a promotional tool—it emerges as a key driver of responsible consumption and the cultivation of long-term, value-based connections between consumers and brands. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Digital Marketing Policy and Studies of Consumer Behavior)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

24 pages, 6358 KB

Open AccessArticle

Characterisation of End-of-Life Wind Turbine Blade Components for Structural Repurposing: Experimental and Analytic Prediction Approach

by Philipp Johst, Moritz Bühl, Alann André, Robert Kupfer, Richard Protz, Niels Modler and Robert Böhm

Sustainability 2025, 17(17), 7783; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17177783 (registering DOI) - 29 Aug 2025

The problem of end-of-life (EoL) fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) wind turbine blades (WTBs) poses a growing challenge due to the absence of an integrated circular value chain currently available on the market. A key barrier is the information gap between the EoL condition of [...] Read more.

The problem of end-of-life (EoL) fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) wind turbine blades (WTBs) poses a growing challenge due to the absence of an integrated circular value chain currently available on the market. A key barrier is the information gap between the EoL condition of WTB components and their second-life application requirements. This study addresses this question by focusing on the spar cap, which is an internal structural component with high repurposing potential. A framework has been developed to determine the as-received mechanical properties of spar caps from different EoL WTB models, targeting repurpose in the construction sector. The experimental programme encompasses fibre architecture assessment, calcination processes and mechanical tests in both longitudinal and transverse directions of three different WTB models. Results suggest that the spar caps appear to retain their strength and stiffness, with no evidence of degradation from previous service life. However, notable variation in properties is observed. To account for this, a prediction tool is proposed to estimate the as-received mechanical properties based on practically accessible parameters, thereby supporting decision-making. The results of this study contribute to enabling the repurposing of EoL spar cap beams from the wind energy sector for applications in the construction sector. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wind Turbine Decommissioning: Dismantling, Demolition, Recycling, Reuse and Repurposing)

► Show Figures

Graphical abstract

20 pages, 275 KB

Open AccessArticle

The Impact of AI on Corporate Green Transformation: Empirical Evidence from China

by Zhen-Er Jiang, Fu Huang and Qiang Wu

Sustainability 2025, 17(17), 7782; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17177782 (registering DOI) - 29 Aug 2025

With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI), its deep integration into corporate operations has become the key driver for firms to reconfigure factor resources, boost green total factor productivity, and achieve green transformation. This analysis empirically investigates the influence of AI on [...] Read more.

With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI), its deep integration into corporate operations has become the key driver for firms to reconfigure factor resources, boost green total factor productivity, and achieve green transformation. This analysis empirically investigates the influence of AI on corporate green transformation using panel data of China’s listed companies from 2015 to 2022. This research employs a multidimensional fixed effects linear model to analyze the relationship, finding that AI significantly enhances corporate green transformation. Mechanism analysis reveals that AI promotes green transformation by enhancing firm research and development (R&D) and firm green innovation capabilities. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the positive impact of AI on corporate green transformation is more significant in the eastern region, post-COVID−19, and in low-pollution industries. The impact is also significantly and positively moderated by the development of the non-state-owned economy and the development degree of product markets. These findings suggest that AI is a critical tool for promoting sustainable economic growth and green transformation in businesses. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue AI-Driven Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Business Innovation)

14 pages, 2959 KB

Open AccessArticle

Research on Polyurethane-Stabilized Soils and Development of Quantitative Indicators for Integration into BIM-Based Project Planning

by Alina Zvierieva, Olga Borziak, Oleksii Dudin, Sergii Panchenko and Teresa Rucińska

Sustainability 2025, 17(17), 7781; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17177781 (registering DOI) - 29 Aug 2025

This research presents the results of studies on the physical and mechanical properties of the soil–polymer composites developed by the Scientific and Production Company “Special Polymer Technologies” SPT^® by injecting polyurethane material into clay soils to strengthen the foundations of erected structures. [...] Read more.

This research presents the results of studies on the physical and mechanical properties of the soil–polymer composites developed by the Scientific and Production Company “Special Polymer Technologies” SPT^® by injecting polyurethane material into clay soils to strengthen the foundations of erected structures. A novel method is proposed to determine the strain characteristics of these composites, embracing the preparation of model specimens in cylindrical containers with subsequent static and dynamic load testing. The results of static tests showed a significant increase in the strain modulus in comparison to that of the soil, resulting in soil stabilization due to a decrease in the initial content of moisture squeezed out of the modified soil. A coefficient of increase in the deformation modulus (K_E) is introduced to quantitatively assess the soil stabilization efficiency. An original technique is also proposed for assessing composite durability, and it is based on analyzing the mass loss after cyclic wetting and drying. The proposed soil stabilization approach promotes and improves digital construction technologies such as Building Information Modeling (BIM) by enabling the accurate simulation and prediction of the behavior of loaded soil in foundation systems. The introduced quantifiable metrics can be integrated into Digital Twin- or BIM-based project planning tools, contributing to sustainability, safety, and reliability in modern construction practices. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Building Information Modeling and Technology Applications in Construction)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

24 pages, 4212 KB

Open AccessArticle

Research on Multi-Model Switching Control of Linear Fresnel Heat Collecting Subsystem

by Duojin Fan, Linggang Kong, Xiaojuan Lu, Yu Rui, Xiaoying Yu and Zhiyong Zhang

Sustainability 2025, 17(17), 7780; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17177780 (registering DOI) - 29 Aug 2025

Aiming at the stochasticity, uncertainty, and strong perturbation of the linear Fresnel solar thermal power collection subsystem, this study establishes a multivariate prediction model for the linear Fresnel collector subsystem based on complex environmental characteristics and designs a PID controller and MPC controller [...] Read more.

Aiming at the stochasticity, uncertainty, and strong perturbation of the linear Fresnel solar thermal power collection subsystem, this study establishes a multivariate prediction model for the linear Fresnel collector subsystem based on complex environmental characteristics and designs a PID controller and MPC controller for the tracking and control of the outlet temperature. By analyzing the heat transfer process of the collector, constructing a model in Multiphysics for three-dimensional modeling of the collector, extracting data through simulation, fuzzy clustering the data and using different clustering centers for parameter identification in order to obtain the multi-model. By using the field data from the site of Dunhuang Dacheng Linear Fresnel Molten Salt Collector Field, considering the inlet temperature, normal direct irradiance and wind speed are used as the perturbation quantities, and the flow rate of molten salt is used as the control quantity. Considering three representative weather conditions, the switching criterion of minimizing the real-time point error is adopted for switching the outlet temperature of the collector. Simulation analysis results show that under the same conditions, the tracking error of the single model is relatively large, with the output temperature error fluctuating between −100 °C and 100 °C and containing many burrs. In contrast, the output temperature error of the multi-model switching control is controlled within 50 °C, which features a smaller tracking error and a faster tracking speed compared with the single-model control. When faced with large disturbances, the multi-model MPC switching control achieves better tracking performance than the multi-model PID switching control. It tracks temperatures closer to the set value, with a faster tracking speed and more excellent anti-interference performance. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

25 pages, 3082 KB

Open AccessArticle

Research on the Safety Factor Model of Frozen Soil Slopes During Thaw Collapse Considering Temperature Effects

by Feike Duan, Bo Tian, Sen Hu and Lei Quan

Sustainability 2025, 17(17), 7779; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17177779 (registering DOI) - 29 Aug 2025

With the global climate warming, the temperature conditions in permafrost regions have changed significantly, and the stability of permafrost slopes is facing serious threats. This paper focuses on the construction of the instability mechanism and prediction model of permafrost slopes considering the influence [...] Read more.

With the global climate warming, the temperature conditions in permafrost regions have changed significantly, and the stability of permafrost slopes is facing serious threats. This paper focuses on the construction of the instability mechanism and prediction model of permafrost slopes considering the influence of temperature. By analyzing the thermokarst collapse process of permafrost slopes, the characteristics and causes of stages such as the soil loosening period and the surface sloughing period were studied. Based on the Mohr–Coulomb strength criterion, combined with the simplified Bishop method and the Morgenstern–Price method, a mechanical analysis of the critical state was carried out, and a safety factor formula applicable to the critical state of permafrost slopes was derived. From the curves of the total cohesion and effective internal friction angle of the experimental soil changing with temperature, an influence model of temperature on the strength parameters was fitted. Considering the factor of freeze–thaw cycles, a safety factor model for permafrost slopes was constructed. Through a large amount of data calculation and analysis of the model, the reliability of the model was verified. This model can be used to predict slope states in practical assessments and optimize slope support structure design parameters in cold regions, providing important references for ensuring engineering safety, reducing geological disasters, and promoting sustainability in cold regions. Finally, potential mitigation measures for frozen soil slope instability based on the findings are briefly discussed. Full article

12 pages, 781 KB

Open AccessArticle

Assessment of the Effect of PHBV-Based Bioplastic Microparticles on Soil Organisms

by Ewa Liwarska-Bizukojc and Marcin Bizukojc

Sustainability 2025, 17(17), 7778; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17177778 (registering DOI) - 29 Aug 2025

(1) Background: A bioplastic poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) is used in agriculture and in other applications like shopping bags, toys, and containers. Since the production of bio-based plastics, including PHBV-based materials, is expected to increase within the next few years, they are prone to becoming [...] Read more.

(1) Background: A bioplastic poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) is used in agriculture and in other applications like shopping bags, toys, and containers. Since the production of bio-based plastics, including PHBV-based materials, is expected to increase within the next few years, they are prone to becoming ubiquitous pollutants of the soil compartment. (2) Methods: An innovative PHBV-based plastic material was tested for its effect on higher plants and earthworms at the community level in a small-terrestrial model ecosystem (STME). The leachates obtained from PHBV-based plastic were studied with the use of ecotoxicological tests with regard to their impact on the early stages of the growth of higher plants and with the use of LC/MS toward the identification of the released chemical compounds. (3) Results: PHBV-based plastic microparticles at the relatively high but environmentally relevant concentration of 2.5% w/w neither affected the germination of higher plants nor inhibited their growth. The synthesis of chlorophyll and the C:N ratio in the plant biomass did not deteriorate, but the content of dry matter of the plant biomass was reduced at a statistically significant level. PHBV-based microplastics did not contribute to the mortality of Eisenia andrei, whereas they affected the depth distribution of these earthworms in the soil. Their downward movement indicated the avoidance behaviour under unfavourable living conditions. In the leachates from PHBV-based bioplastic, lactic acid and glycerol triacetate, commonly used plastic additives, were identified. These leachates did not inhibit the germination and the early stages of growth of higher plants. (4) Conclusions: PHBV-based bioplastic was studied at a concentration not higher than 2.5% w/w, and its leachates do not pose a threat to soil biota and should not affect the sustainability of the terrestrial ecosystem. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil Pollution, Soil Ecology and Sustainable Land Use)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

32 pages, 1606 KB

Open AccessArticle

A Multidimensional Framework for Quantifying Brazil–China Commodity Trade Dependence Using the Commodity-Specific Sustainability Index

by Hongjin Mou, Wenqing Zhou and Ping Chen

Sustainability 2025, 17(17), 7777; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17177777 - 29 Aug 2025

We propose the Commodity-Specific Sustainability Index (CSSI), a multidimensional system for quantifying Brazil–China commodity trade dependence that integrates environmental, economic, and social sustainability metrics with conventional trade dynamics. Traditional trade metrics often overlook sustainability risks due to their focus on volume or monetary [...] Read more.

We propose the Commodity-Specific Sustainability Index (CSSI), a multidimensional system for quantifying Brazil–China commodity trade dependence that integrates environmental, economic, and social sustainability metrics with conventional trade dynamics. Traditional trade metrics often overlook sustainability risks due to their focus on volume or monetary value. The CSSI combines three dimensions of sustainability risk (environmental impact, economic resilience, and social well-being) into a single assessment framework for major commodities, including soybeans and iron ore. The framework uses a dynamic weighting mechanism that adjusts sub-indices depending on policy priorities and stakeholder inputs, and a Transformer-based time series model captures relationships between CSSI trends with bilateral trade flows along with external shocks, enabling the predictive analysis of sustainability-driven trade adjustments. Furthermore, the CSSI replaces conventional trade volumes with sustainability-adjusted counterparts that are then incorporated into standard trade frameworks such as gravity equations. Our analysis of soybeans and iron ore from 2015 to 2022 shows that conventional dependence metrics overestimate trade dependence by 12–19% (95% CI: 10.8–21.2%, p < 0.001) for commodities with a high environmental footprint. The predictive model, built entirely based on publicly accessible data sources, produces a mean absolute error of 5.5% (±0.8%) in forecasting quarterly trade flows, outperforming ARIMA (6.8% ± 0.5%) and LSTM (6.1% ± 0.6%). The CSSI’s novelty is its holistic approach to sustainability–trade connections, providing policy makers and researchers with a tool to assess long-term commodity resilience, beyond traditional economic metrics. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Economic Geography, Regional Development and Climate Policy in the AI and Innovation Era)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

22 pages, 3556 KB

Open AccessArticle

Formulation of Green Metro Train Service Plan Considering Passenger Travel Costs, Operational Costs, and Carbon Emissions

by Li Lin, Xuelei Meng, Kewei Song, Zheng Han, Ximan Xia and Wenwen Yang

Sustainability 2025, 17(17), 7776; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17177776 (registering DOI) - 29 Aug 2025

Grounded in the core principle of green transportation, this paper proposes a metro train service planning approach aimed at enhancing efficiency and reducing carbon emissions. The approach integrates environmental, passenger, and operator benefits, employing multiple train formations under full-length and short-turning route operations. [...] Read more.

Grounded in the core principle of green transportation, this paper proposes a metro train service planning approach aimed at enhancing efficiency and reducing carbon emissions. The approach integrates environmental, passenger, and operator benefits, employing multiple train formations under full-length and short-turning route operations. Considering the high dimensionality of model variables and the complexity of the solution process, improvements are made to the neighborhood search strategy in the Adaptive Large-scale Neighborhood Search (ALNS) algorithm, and the improved algorithm is applied to the model solving process. Comprehensive data experiments are conducted to calibrate the algorithm parameters. Using Jinan Metro as a case study, the approach is empirically validated. The results demonstrate that, compared to the single-route and single-formation train service plans, the multi-route and multi-formation plan delivers superior performance in terms of carbon emissions, enterprise operating costs, and passenger travel time costs. Additionally, the Improved Adaptive Large-scale Neighborhood Search (IALNS) algorithm significantly outperforms the ALNS algorithm in both computational efficiency and solution quality. The main contribution of this paper is to balance the interests of both enterprises and passengers while effectively reducing carbon emissions. It also contributes to providing decision support for the green operation and sustainable development of metro systems. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

14 pages, 907 KB

Open AccessArticle

Research on the Low-Carbon Effects of Farmers’ Livelihood Transition in the Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park: A Case Study of Dongning Area

by Zhihan Wan and Hongxun Li

Sustainability 2025, 17(17), 7775; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17177775 - 29 Aug 2025

Identifying the low-carbon effects of farmers’ livelihood transformation in the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park is crucial for rural communities’ green development. Based on survey data from farmers in the Dongning area of the park, this study uses the carbon emission inventory [...] Read more.

Identifying the low-carbon effects of farmers’ livelihood transformation in the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park is crucial for rural communities’ green development. Based on survey data from farmers in the Dongning area of the park, this study uses the carbon emission inventory method to analyze farmers’ livelihood transformation paths and low-carbon effects from 2016 to 2023. The results show that (1) farmers’ livelihood strategies in the park are categorized into traditional agriculture-dominated, traditional non-agriculture-dominated, specialty farming/breeding, diversified, and non-agriculture-dominated. From 2016 to 2023, 18.22% of farmers changed their livelihood strategies. (2) Per capita household carbon emissions of farmers in the park generally decreased. Specifically, per capita carbon emissions from living consumption declined, while those from production slightly increased. (3) Among transformation paths, shifts to traditional agriculture-dominated or specialty farming/breeding from traditional non-agriculture-dominated or non-agriculture-dominated strategies led to increases in per capita household carbon emissions. In contrast, other transformed groups and those maintaining their original strategy saw decreases in per capita household carbon emissions. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

More Articles...

Submit to Sustainability Review for Sustainability

Journal Menu

Journal Browser

► Journal Browser

Highly Accessed Articles

View More...

Latest Books

More Books and Reprints...

E-Mail Alert

News

27 August 2025
Meet Us at the 11^th IWA Membrane Technology Conference & Exhibition for Water and Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, 13–18 September 2025, Daegu, Republic of Korea

22 August 2025
MDPI Webinar | 1^st MDPI Topic Editor Club 2025, 4 September 2025

7 August 2025
Meet Us at the 12^th Indoor Environment and Health Conference (IEHB 2025), 8–10 August 2025, Dalian, China

More News & Announcements...

Topics

Propose a Topic

Topic in Climate, Diversity, Forests, Plants, Sustainability, Earth

Responses of Trees and Forests to Climate Change Topic Editors: Qinglai Dang, Ilona Mészáros, Lei Wang
Deadline: 30 August 2025

Topic in Education Sciences, EJIHPE, Sustainability, Trends in Higher Education

Education for Sustainable Development and Science Teaching Topic Editors: José Benito Vázquez Dorrío, Araceli Queiruga-Dios, Manuel Filipe P. C. M. Costa, Miguel Ángel Queiruga Dios
Deadline: 31 August 2025

Topic in Businesses, Sustainability, JTAER

Digital Marketing Dynamics: From Browsing to Buying Topic Editors: José Luís Mendes Loureiro Abrantes, Natália de Lima Figueiredo, Bruno Morgado Ferreira, Luís F. Martinez
Deadline: 15 September 2025

Topic in Applied Sciences, Buildings, Heritage, Materials, Sustainability

Sustainability in Buildings: New Trends in the Management of Construction and Demolition Waste, 2nd Volume Topic Editors: Carlos Morón Fernández, Daniel Ferrández Vega
Deadline: 30 September 2025

More Topics

Conferences

Propose a Conference Collaboration

4–5 September 2025 The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Land

4 September 2025 MDPI Webinar | 1st MDPI Topic Editor Club 2025, 4 September 2025

2–3 October 2025 The 11th World Sustainability Forum (WSF 2025)

More Conferences...

Special Issues

Propose a Special Issue

Special Issue in Sustainability

Sustainable Transport: Logistic, Optimization, Traffic Flow and Road Safety Guest Editors: Domenico Gattuso, Giuseppe Guido
Deadline: 30 August 2025

Special Issue in Sustainability

Towards Sustainability: Applications of Machine Learning in Water Management and Environmental Monitoring Guest Editors: Soufiane Haddout, Mariusz Ptak
Deadline: 30 August 2025

Special Issue in Sustainability

Sustainable Future: Circular Economy and Green Industry Guest Editors: Irina Georgescu, Ionut Nica, Jani Kinnunen
Deadline: 30 August 2025

Special Issue in Sustainability

Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Agricultural Development in Sustainable Rural Development Guest Editor: David J. O’Brien
Deadline: 31 August 2025

More Special Issues

Topical Collections

Topical Collection in Sustainability

Feature Papers in Sustainable Use of the Environment and Resources Collection Editors: Vincenzo Torretta, Elena Rada

Topical Collection in Sustainability

Business Performance and Socio-environmental Sustainability Collection Editors: Izabela Jonek-Kowalska, Lilla Knop

Topical Collection in Sustainability

Tourism Research and Regional Sciences Collection Editors: Lóránt Dénes Dávid, Laszlo VASA, Setiawan Priatmoko

Topical Collection in Sustainability

Fisheries Economics and Management Collection Editor: Louisa Coglan

More Topical Collections

Back to TopTop