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Sustainable Building: Renewable and Green Energy Efficiency

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Green Building".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 7 November 2025 | Viewed by 1013

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
Interests: renewable energy; renewable system integration; HVAC systems; thermal energy storage; hybrid systems; smart energy system modeling; technoeconomic energy optimization; data-driven energy modeling in buildings; building automation and smart control; natural ventilation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
Interests: green transportation; sustainable aviation fuel; hydrogen generation and storage; CO2 capture systems; biogas purification
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As the urgency to mitigate climate change impacts, the building sector stands at the forefront of the shift toward a sustainable future. This issue explores innovative solutions and cutting-edge research that drive the integration of renewable energy sources and efficiency actions in building practices.

With buildings accounting for a significant portion of global energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, there is an urgent need to rethink how we design and construct our built environment. This issue seeks contributions that focus on the implementation of renewable and green energies, energy-efficient technologies, and data-driven solutions. Emerging data-driven approaches and AI solutions are revolutionizing sustainable building practices to optimize energy consumption and enhance building performance.

The goal is to showcase interdisciplinary research and practical applications that inspire a paradigm shift in sustainable building renovation practices. This issue aims to contribute to the creation of resilient, energy-efficient buildings that will benefit future generations.

Researchers and industry experts are encouraged to submit their insights and advancements to help drive the building industry toward a more sustainable future. In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but not limited to) the following:

  • Net Zero Buildings
  • Renewable/green energy resources
  • Smart Grid
  • Hydrogen Energy Solutions
  • AI-driven Energy Analytics
  • Green Retrofitting
  • Building Information Modelling (BIM)
  • Smart Buildings
  • Building Carbon Emissions
  • Building Energy Management

Dr. Reihaneh Aghamolaei
Dr. Mohammad Reza Ghaani
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • net zero building
  • renewable/green energy resources
  • smart grid
  • hydrogen energy solutions
  • AI-driven energy analytics
  • green retrofitting
  • building information modelling (BIM)
  • smart buildings
  • building carbon emissions
  • building energy management

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

22 pages, 3657 KB  
Article
Integrated Life Cycle Assessment of Residential Retrofit Strategies: Balancing Operational and Embodied Carbon, Lessons from an Irish Housing Case Study
by Thomas Nolan, Afshin Saeedian, Paria Taherpour and Reihaneh Aghamolaei
Sustainability 2025, 17(18), 8173; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17188173 - 11 Sep 2025
Viewed by 513
Abstract
The residential building sector is a major contributor to global energy consumption and carbon emissions, making retrofit strategies essential for meeting climate targets. While many studies focus on reducing operational energy, few comprehensively evaluate the trade-offs between operational savings and the embodied carbon [...] Read more.
The residential building sector is a major contributor to global energy consumption and carbon emissions, making retrofit strategies essential for meeting climate targets. While many studies focus on reducing operational energy, few comprehensively evaluate the trade-offs between operational savings and the embodied carbon introduced by retrofit measures. This study addresses this gap by developing an integrated, novel scenario-based assessment framework that combines dynamic energy simulation and life cycle assessment (LCA) to quantify whole life carbon impacts. Applied to representative Irish housing typologies, the framework evaluates thirty retrofit scenarios across three intervention levels: original fabric, shallow retrofit, and deep retrofit incorporating multiple HVAC technologies and envelope upgrades. Results reveal that while deep retrofits deliver up to 80.2% operational carbon reductions, they also carry the highest embodied emissions. In contrast, shallow retrofits with high-efficiency air-source heat pumps offer near-comparable energy savings with significantly lower embodied impacts. Comparative analysis confirms that reducing heating setpoints has a greater effect on energy demand than increasing system efficiency, especially in low-performance buildings. Over a 25-year lifespan, shallow retrofits outperform deep retrofits in overall carbon efficiency, achieving up to 76% total emissions reduction versus 74% for deep scenarios. Also, as buildings approach near-zero energy standards, the embodied carbon share increases, highlighting the importance of LCA in design decision-making. This study provides a scalable, evidence-based methodology for evaluating retrofit options and offers practical guidance to engineers, researchers, and policymakers aiming to maximize carbon savings across residential building stocks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Building: Renewable and Green Energy Efficiency)
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