Most Cited

The EU conducted the pre-conceptual design (PCD) phase of the demonstration reactor (DEMO) during 2014–2020 under the framework of the EUROfusion consortium. The current strategy of DEMO design is to bridge the breeding blanket (BB) technology...

Additive manufacturing techniques enable a wide range of possibilities for novel radiation detectors spanning simple to highly complex geometries, multi-material composites, and metamaterials that are either impossible or cost prohibitive to produce...

The last decade has seen the development and application of data-driven methods taking off in nuclear engineering research, aiming to improve the safety and reliability of nuclear power. This work focuses on developing a reinforcement learning-based...

Gamma-ray spectroscopy is an effective technique for radioactive material characterization, routine inventory verification, nuclear safeguards, health physics, and source search scenarios. Gamma-ray spectrometers typically cannot be operated in the i...

Rhodium is one of the scarcest, most valuable, and useful platinum group metals, a strategically important material relied on heavily by automotive and electronics industries. The limited finite natural sources of Rh and exponentially increasing dema...

The production of prismatic dislocation loops in nuclear reactor core materials results in hardening because the loops impede dislocation motion. Yielding often occurs by a localised clearing of the loops through interactions with gliding dislocation...

Fluid-fueled molten-salt reactors (MSRs) are actively being developed by several companies, with plans to deploy them internationally. The current IAEA inspection tools are largely incompatible with the unique design features of liquid fuel MSRs (e.g...

Reliability and efficiency of valves are necessary for precise control and sufficient heat-flow to heat application plants for the integrated energy systems of nuclear power plants (NPPs). Strategic Management Analysis Requirement and Technology (SMA...

This paper focuses on the highly radioactive, long-lasting nuclear waste produced by the currently operating fission reactors and on the sensitive issue of spent fuel reprocessing. Also included is a short description of the fission process and a det...

The paper provides an introduction to the concept of Probabilistic Safety Assessment, an evaluation of its recent developments, and perspectives on the future research directions in this area. To do so, a conceptual understanding to safety assessment...

People’s affective response in relation to radiation is important in their risk perceptions of low-dose radiation (LDR), medical interventions involving LDR, and acceptance of nuclear power production. Risk perception studies generally relate t...

Multi-abnormal events, referring to the simultaneous occurrence of multiple single abnormal events in a nuclear power plant, have not been subject to consideration because multi-abnormal events are extremely unlikely to occur and indeed have not yet...

Marine reactors have been applied to floating nuclear power plants, naval vessels such as submarines, and civilian ships such as icebreakers. Nuclear-powered shipping is gaining increased interest because of decarbonization goals motivated by climate...

The use of tungsten fiber-reinforced tungsten composites (W_f/W) has been demonstrated to significantly enhance the mechanical properties of tungsten (W) by incorporating W-fibers into the W-matrix. However, prior research has been restricted by the u...

Many advanced reactor concept designs rely on high-assay low-enriched uranium (HALEU) fuel, enriched up to approximately 19.75% ²³⁵U by weight. Efforts are underway by the US government to increase HALEU production in the United States to meet antici...

Modeling and simulation lie at the heart of the design process of any nuclear application. An accurate representation of the radiation environment ensures not only the feasibility of new technologies, but it also aids in operation, maintenance, and e...

Simulation modeling is crucial in support of probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) for nuclear power plants (NPPs). There is a challenge, however, associated with simulation modeling that relates to the time and resources required for collecting data t...

An analysis of the peculiarities of the German Uranium Project (1939–1945) reveals that it was, in many ways, different from what one would expect. There was no work at all on a possible bomb, nor on plutonium. The reactor experiments were limi...

The nuclear fuel cycle forms the basis for producing special nuclear materials used in nuclear weapons via a series of interdependent industrial operations. These industrial operations each produce characteristic emanations that can be gathered to as...

Molten Salt Reactors (MSRs) have recently gained resurged research and development interest in the advanced reactor community. Several computational tools are being developed to capture the strong neutronics/thermal-hydraulics coupling effect in this...

In this paper, the interactions of low-energy muons (E < 10 MeV) with natural silicon, the basic material of microelectronics, are studied by Geant4 and SRIM simulation. The study is circumscribed to muons susceptible to slowdown/stop in the targe...

Recent experimental investigations have demonstrated that a substantial amount of H⁻/D⁻ ions can be formed by thermal desorption processes. Based on these new findings, new mini axial and coaxial-type neutron tubes have been developed for...

The present study investigated the release of tritium from beryllium irradiated at 323 K to a neutron fluence of 4.67 × 10²⁶ m⁻² (E > 1 MeV), corresponding up to 22,000 appm helium and 2000 appm tritium productions. The TPD tests revea...

The timely detection of special nuclear material (SNM) transfers between nuclear facilities is an important monitoring objective in nuclear nonproliferation. Persistent monitoring enabled by successful detection and characterization of radiological m...

Quality and safety are intensely related and go hand in hand. Quality of the safety-grade equipment is very important for the safety of a nuclear power plant (NPP) and achieving production goals. During manufacturing of plant components or equipment,...

This paper presents an investigation of the oxidation of Alloy X-750 containing 5 wt% iron in a simulated boiling water reactor (BWR) environment. The specimens were exposed by a water jet (10 m/s) at 286 °C for durations ranging from 2 to 840 h,...

With the ever-increasing role that nuclear power is playing to meet the aim of net zero carbon emissions, there is an intensified demand for understanding the thermal hydraulic phenomena at the heart of current and future reactor concepts. In respons...

This study used an analytical computational model to evaluate safe zones in contaminated areas that may result from a hypothetical significant off-site release from a nuclear power plant. The model, considering local atmospheric stability, wind direc...

The development and deployment of a new generation of nuclear reactors necessitates a thorough evaluation of techniques used to characterize nuclear materials for nuclear forensic applications. Advanced fuels proposed for use in these reactors presen...

Modeling the response of gamma detectors has long been a challenge within the nuclear community. Significant research has been conducted to digitally replicate instruments that can cost over USD 100,000 and are difficult to operate outside of a labor...

Droplet entrainment in steam-flow is a prominent phenomenon that needs adequate safety and risk analysis of postulated transient and accident scenarios—including experimental investigation and representative modeling and simulation (M&S)&md...

Zirconium hydride is commonly used for next-generation reactor designs due to its excellent hydrogen retention capacity at temperatures below 1000 K. These types of reactors operate at thermal neutron energies and require accurate representation of t...

The exploitation of fusion energy in tokamak reactors relies on efficient and reliable tritium management. The tritium needed to sustain the deuterium–tritium fusion reaction is produced in the Li-based blanket surrounding the plasma chamber, a...

This work presents the general mathematical frameworks of the “First and Second-Order Features Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Methodology for Neural Integral Equations of Volterra Type” designated as the 1st-FASAM-NIE-V and the 2nd-FASAM-NI...

A miniature nuclear reactor is desirable for deployment as a localized nuclear power station in support of a carbon-free power supply. Coupling aspects of proliferation-resistant fuel with natural burnable absorber loading are evaluated for once-thro...

The use of heat pipes (HP) for the DEMO in-vessel plasma-facing components (PFCs) has been considered because of their high capacity to transport the heat from a heat source to a heat sink by means of the vaporization and condensation of the working...

During the maintenance period of a future fusion reactor power plant, called DEMOnstration Power Plant (DEMO), remotely handled casks are required to confine and handle DEMO in-vessel components during their transportation between the reactor and the...

With growing interest in molten salts as possible nuclear fuel systems, knowledge of thermophysical properties of complex salt mixtures, e.g., NaCl-CeCl₃, NaCl-UCl₃ and NaCl-UCl₄, informs understanding and performance modelling of the zero power salt...

Nuclear power is typically deployed as a baseload generator. Increased penetration of variable renewables motivates combining nuclear and renewable technologies into Integrated Energy Systems (IES) to improve dispatchability, component synergies and,...

Control rod calibration experiment results for the Oregon State TRIGA^® Reactor (OSTR) immediately following LEU conversion in 2008, and MCNP^® 5 predicted rod worths from the 2008 LEU Conversion Safety Analysis Report (CSAR) are discussed. The...

The SCALE/Polaris–PARCS code procedure has been used in the confirmatory analysis for boiling water reactors by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. In this study, the SCALE/Polaris v6.3.0–PARCS v3.4.2 code procedure with the Evaluated N...

This study was conducted to validate the SCALE/Polaris v6.3.0–PARCS v3.4.2 code procedure with the Evaluated Nuclear Data File (ENDF)/B-VII.1 AMPX 56-group library for pressurized water reactor (PWR) analysis, by comparing simulated results with meas...

The ultra-cold neutron (UCN) source being commissioned at North Carolina State University’s PULSTAR reactor is uniquely optimized for UCN production in the former graphite-filled thermal column outside of the reactor pool. The source utilizes a...

The development of the Modular High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor is a significant milestone in advanced nuclear reactor technology. One of the concerns for the reactor’s safe operation is the effects of a loss-of-flow accident (LOFA) where th...

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is one candidate for analyzing the fuel retention in ITER plasma-facing components during maintenance breaks when the reactor is filled with near atmospheric pressure nitrogen or dry air. It has been shown...

Understanding the behaviour of a neutron spectrum with burnup is important for describing various phenomena associated with reactor operation. The quest to understand the neutron spectrum comes with a lot of questions. One question that is usually as...

This work introduces the mathematical framework of the novel “First-Order Comprehensive Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Methodology for Neural Ordinary Differential Equations” (1st-CASAM-NODE) which yields exact expressions for the first-ord...

A lot of novel surface treatment technologies have appeared over the last few decades, offering great possibilities for practical use. Modified surfaces have confirmed their successful application in thermal engineering for boiling heat transfer enha...

Machine learning methods allow the prediction of material properties, potentially using only the elemental composition of a molecule or compound, without the knowledge of molecular or crystalline structures. Herein, a composition-based machine learni...

This article studies the optimal design approach for a portable nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) system for use in non-destructive flow measurement applications. The mechanical and electromagnetic design procedures were carried out using the Ansys Ma...