Engineering Proceedings, Volume 27, Issue 1

This Issue of Engineering Proceedings assembles the papers presented at the 9th International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications (ECSA-9), held online on 1–15 November 2022, through the sciforum [...]

Two of the most relevant gasses correlating to honeybee colony health are likely carbon dioxide and humidity. Non-Dispersive Infra-Red (NDIR) detectors have become the dominant method for measuring atmospheric CO₂. In this work, we describe a microco...

Concurrent biofeedback has been demonstrated to be an effective strategy for reducing running-related injuries (RRI) [1–3]. The majority of these RRI are overuse injuries related to impact accelerations [4,5]. However, information regarding imp...

The bluntleaf dock/ broad-leaved dock (Rumex obtusifolius) is a fast growing, highly competitive and resistant weed. It is endemic to Austria and generally a very common weed in Europe. Rumex obtusifolius prefers nutrient-rich, moist soils. As a ligh...

Additive manufacturing (AM) has been playing a crucial role in the fourth industrial revolution. Sensor-based monitoring technologies are essential for detecting defects and providing feedback for process control. Acoustic emission (AE) sensors have...

Finding classified rectangular regions of interest (ROIs) in underwater images is still a challenge, and more so if the images pose low quality with respect to illumination conditions, sharpness, and noise. These ROIs can help humans find relevant re...

A McKibben artificial muscle is a typical soft actuator, and it features flexibility, lightweight, and low cost. It consists of a rubber tube and a sleeve which is woven with spiral fibers, and contracts axially by applying pneumatic pressure to the...

The natural environment is of the utmost significance not only for a particular location but also for the entire world. This is because the natural environment provides essential environmental services to the human population. However, the environmen...

Wetlands play a vital role in sustainable ecological development. They hold balanced environment conditions, filter the surface and sub-surface water, and moderate the local weather condition. The current study is mainly focused on assessment and mon...

Embedded machine learning, TinyML, is a relatively new and fast-growing field of ML, enabling on-device sensor data analytics at low power requirements. This paper presents possible improvements to GMOS, a gas sensor, using TinyML technology. GMOS is...

In this work, VO₂ based thermal sensing thin film synthesized on flexible muscovite substrates by direct oxidation of deposited vanadium metal, were investigated for the impact of doping and strain on their electrical properties. We investigated both...

The Forest and Buildings removed Copernicus DEM (FABDEM) represents a global DEM generated through the elimination of height biases arising due to buildings and trees in the Copernicus global 30 m (GLO-30) digital elevation model (DEM). Copernicus GL...

The Orinoco river is in Venezuela and flows into the Caribbean sea. The chlorophyll concentration in the ocean delta changes due to the dust deposition from the Orinoco river which affects the primary productivity. The wet and dry deposition measurem...

The polarimetric calibration (PolCal) is an essential process to ensure the minimization of distortions from airborne and spaceborne SAR data for scattering-based characterization of the targeted objects. The present study investigates the polarimetr...

Environmental noise and air pollution, as well as poor green infrastructure quality, are major concerns for the European population due to their impacts on citizens’ health, especially for those citizens living in urban environments, which mate...

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widespread technique in data analysis. Recently, the L1-norm has been proposed as an alternative criterion to classical L2-norm in PCA due to its greater robustness to outliers. The present work shows that, wit...

Pancreatic cancer has one of the highest cancer mortality rates, as it is often detected in late stages, when unresectable tumours are present. Researchers have identified a biomarker associated with the early detection of pancreatic cancer, called C...

In this paper, the LoRaWAN network coverage provided by many gateways across Germany is evaluated mainly concerning the transportation sector (German rail routes). For this purpose, related works are first analyzed. Based on this, the objective of th...

The Polar H10 is a low-cost wearable with a heart rate monitor and tri-axial accelerometer with potential for many applications. While the device’s heart rate monitor has been widely studied, there is no research validating the accelerometer sp...

Dealing with distributed and parallel computing in strong heterogeneous environments, e.g., distributed sensor networks, is still a challenge at the algorithmic, communication, and application levels. Heterogeneity is related to different computer an...

A field-programmable gate array (FPGA) based system for digital filtering in a neonatal heart rate monitoring system is presented. The system employs electric potential sensors (EPS) and contains a single hardware filter stage for antialiasing. The r...

Lateral flow assays (LFAs; aka. rapid tests) are inexpensive paper-based devices for rapid and specific detection of analyte of interest (e.g., COVID virus) in fluidic samples. Areas of application of LFAs cover a broad spectrum, spanning from agricu...

Celestial bodies of our solar system remain as a major unexplored and unexploited reserve of natural resources available to humans. Furthermore, those constitute a valuable source of information about the origins and evolution of the solar system and...

In this paper, we report the preliminary results regarding the use of fluorescent dye calcein (C₃₀H₂₆N₂O₁₃) as a sensor for the detection of cobalt levels in aqueous solutions. The sensor cell based on calcein is built by fixed-in layers by means of...

Air temperature is an important meteorological parameter and is used for numerous purposes. Air temperature is usually observed using a radiation shield with ventilation, to obtain proper measurements by providing shade from direct solar radiation an...

The solar system is still uncommunicated and unknown for humankind. To acquire more knowledge about the solar system, we send satellites and rovers to explore those planets; however, it is costly and takes a lot of effort. Soil retains information ab...

The limitations of many IoT devices in terms of storage, computing power and energy consumption require them to be connected to other devices when performing computationally intensive tasks, as happens with IoT systems based on edge computing archite...

Analysing the morphological features of the drainage basin helps to understand its hydrological characteristics and the association of water, with soil, topography, and vegetation of the catchment. Morphometric analysis reveals the linear, areal, and...

Flexible–tactile sensors are predicted to soon be extensively used in wearable devices. Various materials in flexible-sensor fabrication offer sensing properties with multiple capabilities. There is a crucial research opportunity in the field o...

The structural health monitoring (SHM) of civil structures and infrastructures is becoming a crucial issue in our smart and hyper-connected age. Due to structural aging and to unexpected loading conditions, partially linked to extreme events caused b...

Temperature sensors are widely employed in control systems that maintain a required temperature in a vessel or container irrespective of the temperature changes in the outer environment. However, the limited power of the heater/cooler (the plant of t...

Exposure to pollutants like ozone and nitrogen dioxide gas can cause serious health issues and harm the environment. Therefore, the interest in air quality and its impact on health and well-being has been steadily increasing over the years, making lo...

Temperature is a critical factor for the performance and operation of photovoltaic (PV) generators, whose efficiency and electrical generation decreases as the temperature rises. For this reason, it is essential to sensor PV modules in order to conti...

Ultrasonic oscillating temperature sensors (UOTSes) allow sensing aggregate temperatures across, for example, a complete room, and react to the temperature changes within milliseconds. However, their output frequency is to be measured with relatively...

The current revolution in the field of electromagnetic vibration energy harvester requires that both wireless sensor nodes and relevant power sources be cost- and size-optimized while ensuring that, during design/fabrication of the sensor’s pow...

The latest satellite infrastructure for data processing, transmission and reception can certainly be improved by upgrading tools used to deal with very large amounts of data from every different sensor incorporated within the space missions. In order...

Intelligent signal processing holds great importance for the future of resilient, adaptable communications networks. The unique qualities of deep space require an interplanetary Internet to be highly autonomous, efficient, and adaptable to varying Qu...

The paper describes the development, testing, and verification of practical usability of the indirect cuffless method for estimation of arterial blood pressure (ABP) values from the photo-plethysmography (PPG) signal sensed by the optical PPG sensor....

Recently, integrating Internet-of-Things (IoT) for an interactive learning has become a topic of interest. For cultural inclusion, young individuals need to be more aware of the culturally diverse community and embrace it. However, this is not possib...

Electronic nose (EN) is the most advanced technology for the classification and identification of complex gaseous mixtures. The idea is to use a small set of low-selective sensors instead of a huge number of specific ones. The response of such an arr...

Early and accurate detection of bearing faults is essential for the safe and reliable working of industrial machinery units. The main problem of the traditional fault diagnosis method is manually extracting the features which require the experimenter...

In this work, we present a compact micro-opto-fluidic sensing platform for the measurement of volumetric refractive index (RI) variations of ultra-low volumes of fluids with respect to a reference liquid. In the instrumental configuration, we employe...

Essential oils are of interest in analytical chemistry due to their bioactive constituents and wide application area. The voltammetric behavior of essential oils (from 15 types of plant material) at an electrode modified with carboxylated multi-walle...

Affect recognition is a signal and pattern recognition problem that plays a major role in affective computing. The affective state of a person reflects their emotional state, which could be measured through the arousal and valence dimensions, as per...

The KM3NeT Collaboration is currently constructing two neutrino detectors in the depths of the Mediterranean Sea. An excellent angular resolution will be necessary for an accurate reconstruction of neutrino direction, much as a precise knowledge of t...

This paper conducts a numerical study to prove the concept of a low-cost microfluidic-based strain sensor and investigates the key design parameters that affect the sensor sensitivity by using both theoretical and finite element models. The strain se...

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is a non-invasive technique that is largely used for studying lipidomics. Lipids are a primary class of biological molecules that play numerous vital roles in various processes. In the present work, we a...

New sensitive architectures built on soft surface architectures or nano-sized blocks also require a rethinking of the principles of the operation of traditional physical recording methods. Here, we report an experimental study of complex loadings for...

Bio- and chemical SERS-sensing using plasmonic nanostructures can be dramatically improved by creating hot spots—i.e., sub-10 nm gaps between nanoparticles—which confine large electromagnetic fields on nanometric volume. Here we report a...

Automated vibration-based structural health monitoring (SHM) strategies have been recently proven to be promising in the presence of aging and material deterioration threatening the safety of civil structures. Within such a framework, ensuring high-q...