2019 CA16112 - Luxemburg 2019 - 40 articles
Luxemburg | 25–27 March 2019
Volume Editor: Marc Diederich, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
Cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of mortality, with 17.9 million deaths/year worldwide and 3.9 million deaths/year in Europe, representing a cost to the EU economy of €210 billion/year [1,2]. [...]
DNA methylation is the most well-known epigenetic modification of DNA. This epigenetic mark is crucial in controlling gene expression profiles, maintaining cellular identity, genomic imprinting and X-chromosome inactivation. Furthermore, DNA methylat...
Ageing is inextricably linked to a deterioration of the musculoskeletal system. This suggests factors governing lifespan might also impact the maintenance of skeletal integrity throughout life. The Oxford Musculoskeletal Ageing group studies the caus...
Skeletal muscle has been recognized as an endocrine tissue that releases appreciable amounts of circulating proteins, called myokines. [...]
Ageing is a complex process affected by both genetic and environmental factors, characterized by a gradual failure of functionality, reduced stress response and resistance, leading to enhanced probability for age-related diseases and mortality. Durin...
Whey proteins are highly valued food ingredients. This study examines the health benefits to muscle cells of six individual whey peptides known to cross the intestinal barrier. Results indicate that peptides KVPQ, NLPPL, VAGT, VGIN and PVPQ protect u...
Oxidative reactions are vital but also cause important stresses and cellular damages resulting in cancers, cardiovascular or neurodegenerative diseases. Antioxidant secondary metabolites from plant can be mobilized for the cell defense and their mai...
Several of the peroxisomal neurodegenerative disorders are the consequence of a specific deficiency of an enzyme or a transporter involved in peroxisomal beta-oxidation of very long chain fatty acids [1,2]. [...]
There are many complicated pathogenic diseases caused by cell genes that are incorrectly
expressed or not sufficiently active for normal cell functioning [...]
Hydroquinone (HQ) is a phenolic metabolite of benzene, which is used as a skin whitener. Insects synthesize this natural compound as a deterrent and mushrooms as a toxin. Pro-apoptotic effects of HQ were previously documented on various cancer cell t...
Epigenetics refers to the study of heritable changes in gene function that are mediated by
mechanisms other than nucleotide alterations in the primary DNA sequence [...]
Diallyl polysulfides from edible plants have been widely investigated in cancer research holding the promise of a translational application. [...]
It has been believed that the metabolism of xenobiotics occurred mainly by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system in the liver. However, recent data clearly suggest a significant role for the gut microbiota in the metabolism of xenobiotic compounds. This...
Numerous secondary metabolites found in edible plants modulate intracellular redox processes and are suggested to prevent certain diseases, especially in ageing organisms. Since such nutraceuticals provide the basis for new and innovative designer di...
Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds commonly found in plants. As dietary components, they have been shown to exhibit numerous pro-health properties that are believed to be associated with their antioxidant effects. In this study, the antioxidant ac...
The Luxembourg meeting is the fourth meeting of the NutRedOx COST Action (CA16112), which started on 29 March 2017. [...]
Garlic is a common ingredient in food, normally used as spice but is also used since ancient times for its health beneficial activity. The thiosulfinate allicin is the first active compound in freshly damaged garlic tissue and reacts with thiol-group...
Vitamin D3 has, via its metabolite 1,25-dihydroxyvitaminD3 (1,25(OH)2D3), a high affinity to the transcription factor vitamin D receptor (VDR), and thereby directly affects the epigenome of its target tissues. Changing the transcriptome results in mo...
Winery by-products, including pomace, stem, vine leaves and shoots, arise in high amounts during the wine-making process. Due to high contents of secondary plant metabolites, such as polyphenols, their usage in the food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical...
There is now strong evidence that the redox environment inside cells is very different to that outside the cell, and that many extracellular environments are both more oxidizing and also subject to extensive oxidation. This difference in redox enviro...
The impact of catechins on the expression profile of redox-related genes in HT29 cell line has been studied recently by our group using Oxidative Stress RT2 Profiler PCR Array. Within the examined panel of 84 genes, the down-regulation of SRXN1 gene...
Silybum marianum fruit extract silymarin displays various biological activities, which are attributed mostly to its major component silybin. However, silymarin contain several other isomeric flavonolignans (isosilybin, silychristin, silydianin) and t...
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma mainly occurs in elderly people. Thus, the management of pancreatic cancer in the aging population is becoming increasingly relevant. In this preliminary study we evaluated the effect of selected phytochemicals and their com...
Voltammetric methods—cyclic (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) are considered the most appropriate way to evaluate antioxidant activity of redox active compounds. They provide information about both mechanism and kinetics of electrochemica...
Multiple myeloma is a hematological cancer characterized by the clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. That disease has a rather low incidence but displays a high rate of relapse and resistance to conventional therapies. I...
The aim of this study is to propose a methodology to assess electrochemical properties of complex mixtures of antioxidants, such as plant extracts, based on the results of simple and popular DPPH test. The first, most difficult step, involves determi...
The mitochondrial-located enzyme Carnitine palmitoyltransferase [...]
Cocoa polyphenols play an important role in protection against diseases in which oxidative stress is implicated as a causal or contributing factor. The main aim of this study was to elucidate the influence of different cocoa extracts and main cocoa b...
Although obesity and a sedentary lifestyle are well-known risk factors for type 2 diabetes, at molecular level, the oxidative stress is regarded as the primary contributor to the pathogenic process. Our work intends to evidence how the thinking model...
The inevitable rise of the proportion of people aged [...]
The effect of High Pressure Processing (HPP) on Irish potato cultivars’ antioxidant activity (AOA) was examined. High Pressure Processing at 600 MPa for 3 min was applied to two coloured (Rooster and Kerr’s Pink) and two white (Saxon and...
Hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia synergistically and adversely impair insulin secretion and ultimately lead to pancreatic beta cell decomposition. We found that both nutrient overload conditions displace arachidonic and linoleic acids from membrane p...
FOXO (Forkhead box, class O) proteins are transcriptional regulators ubiquitously expressed in mammalian cells with roles in modulating fuel metabolism, stress resistance and cell death. FOXO transcription factors are regulated by redox processes at...
Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common human infections worldwide and it is estimated that more than half of global population is affected. [...]
The vitamin B3 (niacin) is present in various foods. During roasting of green coffee beans, niacin is formed from the alkaloid trigonelline. Therefore, we established a novel fast and sensitive HPLC-MS/MS method to determine niacin in coffee brews fr...
As a physiological nitric oxide donor, S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) is a promising candidate for several diseases (e.g., stroke and atherosclerosis). However, its clinical application has been limited by its low stability. In order to protect GSNO sui...
Cardiovascular diseases are associated with oxidative stress and a reduced bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO). To counteract both processes, the administration of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) can be envisaged. GSNO is able to induce protein S-nitros...
Rheumatoid arthritis is characterized [...]
Metabolic syndrome is characterized by an increase in oxidative stress and chronic
low-grade inflammation. The effects of an exercise test at 60–70% of the maximum capacity was
evaluated on inflammatory and antioxidant response in elderly people...
Hyperglycemia is a metabolic condition characterized by high blood glucose level due to the disturbances of carbohydrate, lipids and protein metabolism. These disorders lead to impaired of insulin secretion and β-cell dysfunction. It is known that co...
