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Biology, Volume 14, Issue 12

December 2025 - 170 articles

Cover Story: In traditional Mediterranean olive groves on Lesvos Island, we explored the denning behavior of Persian squirrels (Sciurus anomalus), a species of conservation concern in Greece. Based on detailed structural, physiological, and thermal data from 288 centennial olive trees, we identified that den trees are markedly distinct: taller, older, more productive, and with exceptional microclimatic buffering capacity. Our findings reveal that squirrels select olive trees functioning as self-regulating biophysical units that jointly optimize structural shelter and thermal stability. This highlights the ecological value of High Nature Value olive groves as critical refugia for arboreal mammals and emphasizes the need to maintain structurally and physiologically mature trees within traditional agroecosystems.View this paper
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Articles (170)

  • Article
  • Open Access
385 Views
21 Pages

Malaria Parasite Cell Classification Using Transfer Learning with State-of-the-Art CNN Architectures

  • Azhar Ali Laghari,
  • Wazir Muhammad,
  • Mudasar Latif Memon,
  • Ayaz Hussain and
  • Akash Kumar

16 December 2025

Malaria remains a critical global health challenge for doctors and healthcare practitioners, particularly clinicians involved in initial treatment. Inaccurate diagnosis of malaria-infected cells often leads to delayed or inappropriate treatment, incr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
308 Views
20 Pages

Rumen Microbial Diversity and Metabolome Analysis Reveals the Effects of Alkaline Metal Ion Complexes on Muscle Quality of Lambs

  • Yang Zi,
  • Yilin Yang,
  • Mingyue Li,
  • Yalin Li,
  • Ziyi An,
  • Mengjiao Liu,
  • Chi Ma,
  • Feng Gao and
  • Changqing Li

16 December 2025

This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with an alkaline metal ion complex (AMIC) on growth performance, meat quality, rumen microbiota, and metabolome in Hu lambs. Fifty lambs were randomly assigned to either a control group (...

  • Review
  • Open Access
677 Views
36 Pages

15 December 2025

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies represent a promising therapeutic approach for refractory autoimmune diseases. Although autologous CAR-T cells have achieved success thus far, they require expensive, individualised manufacturing, limi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
370 Views
19 Pages

Genome-Wide Identification and Comprehensive Analysis of the GS Gene Family in Hordeum vulgare Under Low Nitrogen Stress

  • Yaping Pei,
  • Juncheng Wang,
  • Lirong Yao,
  • Erjing Si,
  • Ke Yang,
  • Baochun Li,
  • Yaxiong Meng,
  • Xiaole Ma,
  • Hong Zhang and
  • Xunwu Shang
  • + 1 author

15 December 2025

Glutamine synthetase (GS; EC 6.3.1.2) is a key enzyme for primary assimilation and re-assimilation of ammonium in higher plants. Although several GS gene families have been reported for several cereal crops, systematic studies for barley (Hordeum vul...

  • Article
  • Open Access
346 Views
18 Pages

15 December 2025

Chemical and plant-based strategies have become increasingly critical for the remediation of saline–alkali soils. However, the underlying mechanisms driving improvements in soil quality and ecological functionality remain insufficiently underst...

  • Article
  • Open Access
427 Views
24 Pages

Isolation and Probiotic Functions of Bacillus subtilis and Its Inhibitory Effects on Colitis

  • Ningning Guan,
  • Chang Li,
  • Wei Liu,
  • Qiong Wu,
  • Jiajia Zhu,
  • Ting Gao,
  • Hui Song,
  • Rui Guo,
  • Fangyan Yuan and
  • Yongxiang Tian
  • + 2 authors

15 December 2025

Bacillus subtilis, as a probiotic feed additive, has been increasingly applied in livestock and poultry farming. In the present study, the environmental tolerance of a strain of Bacillus subtilis, isolated from a goat farm, was investigated. This art...

  • Review
  • Open Access
570 Views
32 Pages

The Impact of Neurotoxin Proteins Trafficked by Primary Cilia and Extracellular Vesicles in Neurodegenerative Diseases

  • Riley Danna,
  • Soham Kondle,
  • Orr Amar,
  • Michayla Mabourakh,
  • Gratiana Chen,
  • Wala B. Fadol and
  • Ashraf M. Mohieldin

15 December 2025

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), including Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), Parkinson’s Disease (PD), and Huntington’s Disease (HD), share pathologic mechanisms including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and protein aggregati...

  • Article
  • Open Access
293 Views
16 Pages

14 December 2025

The Yangtze River Estuary is one of the most productive estuarine ecosystems in the western Pacific, supporting diverse fish communities that sustain ecosystem functioning. This study investigated the seasonal patterns and community structure of inte...

  • Article
  • Open Access
339 Views
14 Pages

14 December 2025

TPPP (tubulin polymerization promoting protein)-like proteins are found throughout the living world. The individual members of this protein family are distinguished according to how many times and how completely their characteristic structural elemen...

  • Article
  • Open Access
337 Views
16 Pages

13 December 2025

Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) are conserved pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that play key roles in insect innate immunity by binding bacterial peptidoglycan (PGN) and activating downstream signaling pathways. The Dendrolimus kikuchi...

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Biology - ISSN 2079-7737