Geosciences, Volume 10, Issue 8

The stability of rock slopes is often guided significantly by the structural geology of the rocks composing the slope. In this work, we analysed the influences of structural characteristics, and of their seismic responses, on large and deep-seated ro...

The Erosion Potential Method is a model for qualifying the erosion severity and estimating the total annual sediment yield of a catchment. The method includes a diverse set of equations, which are influenced by different factors such as geology, morp...

This paper investigates the possibility of applying light detection and ranging (LiDAR) point clouds and geographic information system (GIS) analyses for land use and land cover (LULC) change detection, mainly with a view to monitoring uncontrolled f...

Proper soil water retention curves (SWRCs) are necessary for a fair analysis of groundwater flow in unsaturated slopes. The question is whether hydraulic parameters operating in situ can be reliably determined from laboratory tests or physical protot...

Submarine canyons are geomorphologic lineaments engraving the slope/outer shelf of continental margins. These features are often associated with significant geologic hazard when they develop close to densely populated coastal zones. The seafloor of N...

The shear wave velocity profile is of primary interest for geological characterization of soil sites and elucidation of near-surface structures. Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) is a seismic exploration method for determination of near-s...

The goal of this research was to characterize the impact of invasive riparian vegetation on burn severity patterns and fluvial topographic change in an urban Mediterranean riverine system (Med-sys) after fire in San Diego, California. We assessed sta...

Spatio-temporal patterns of climatic variability have effects on the environmental conditions of a given land territory and consequently determine the evolution of its productive activities. One of the most direct ways to evaluate this relationship i...

Soil liquefaction may cause severe damages to structures mainly in terms of lateral spread and settlements, as documented during historical earthquakes. Liquefaction-potential (LP) estimation has become an important issue in seismic assessment, and t...

Reconstruction after an earthquake is often seen as a material issue, which concerns “objects” such as houses, roofs, and streets. This point of view is supported by the mass media showing the work progress in the disaster areas, especial...

We present a case study of a bog showing how an integrated approach of multi-method geophysical sounding and local soil sampling can be used to identify, differentiate, and map organic sediments. Our study is based on ground-penetrating radar (GPR),...

This study investigates a wall and trench combination to identify its benefits as a defense measure against an overtopping tsunami-like wave. The study focuses on several arrangements and geometries of a wall and trench combined structural system, lo...

Late-Variscan granitoid rocks of trondhjemitic and granitic composition, intruded in migmatitic paragneisses in the north-eastern Peloritani Mountains (southern Italy) at ~310 Ma and ~300 Ma, respectively, exhibit a range of deformation microstructur...

The study aims to estimate the amount of available renewable water resources in Poland in the years 1999–2018 and the extent of their use by various sectors of the national economy at the national and regional levels. In the study period, the s...

Human land-use activities, especially in the peatlands, are under consideration as the mitigation and lowering of CO₂ emissions from land-use practices is needed to address climate change. In Finland, approximately one third of the land surface is co...

Shallow landslides are an increasing concern in Italy and worldwide because of the frequent association with vegetation management. As vegetation cover plays a fundamental role in slope stability, we developed a GIS-based model to evaluate the influe...

Real-scale fragmentation tests provide high quality data in order to study the fragmentation pattern of rock blocks. In the tests carried out, the initial rock mass, in terms of both volume and shape, was reconstructed by means of 3D photogrammetry....

The Vredefort impact structure is among the oldest and largest impact structures preserved on Earth. An understanding of its key features can serve as a guide for learning about the development of basin-sized impact structures on Earth and other plan...

Protection and conservation are not feasible without a deeper knowledge of the cultural heritage of the subject of intervention. A careful analysis of documentation, a detailed visual inspection of surfaces, and a systematic diagnosis of the inner pr...

In this paper we review and discuss the seismic method based on the analysis of seismic coda waves used in the last 10 years by the present authors and/or their co-workers, to produce separate images of intrinsic- and scattering attenuation in zones...

The Eurocode 7 or EC7 is the Reference Design Code (RDC) for geotechnical design including rock engineering design within the European Union (EU). Moreover, its principles have also been adopted by several other countries, becoming a key design stand...

From the study of the planktonic foraminifer assemblages of the sediments of the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP)-Site 975 (Baleares), sea-surface temperature, seasonality and salinity for the Pliocene and Gelasian of the Western Mediterranean were estim...

This work reviews the 1863 Huércal-Overa earthquake (VI-VII EMS) based on the environmental seismic intensity scale (ESI-07) and oriented archaeoseismological building damage. The performed analysis identifies 23 environmental effects (EEEs) a...

In Bangkok, the demand for housing is extensively high due to the city growing rapidly, so some swampy areas are filled with soil. A Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVD) with the Vacuum Consolidation Method (VCM) is required to make the soil applicable...

We present a structural study on late Miocene-early Pliocene out-of-sequence thrusts affecting the southern Apennine orogenic belt. The analyzed structures are exposed in the Campania region (southern Italy). Here, thrusts bound the N-NE side of the...

There is growing evidence that passive margin sediments in offshore settings host large volumes of fresh and brackish water of meteoric origin in submarine sub-surface reservoirs. Marine geophysical methods, in particular seismic reflection data, can...

It is usually considered that Protected Areas (PAs) are an efficient tool for policies to conserve biodiversity. However, there is evidence that some pressures and threats arise from processes taking place both inside them and in their surroundings t...

This paper presents a procedure to study depressional wetlands in southern Brazil and focuses on the mechanisms controlling water dynamics and environmental degradation due to anthropogenic interference. The study is based on an inventory of wetlands...

Identification of recharge areas in arid basins is challenging due to spatial and temporal variability and complexity of the hydrogeology. This study re-evaluates recharge mechanism in a desert basin where isotopic and geologic data indicated that pu...

The Siberian Traps Large Igneous Provinces (LIP) emplacement is considered as one of possible triggers for the end-Permian global biotic crisis. However, relative timing of the onset of extinction and the main phase of the magmatic activity are not y...

Avoiding soil compaction is one of the objectives to ensure sustainable agriculture. Subsoil compaction in particular can be irreversible. Frequent passages by (increasingly heavy) agricultural machinery are one trigger for compaction. The aim of thi...

Kythira Island is situated at the western Hellenic Arc, which is a region of very high seismicity and tectonic activity. On 8 January 2006, a large seismic event of M_w = 6.7 occurred close to Kythira, in association with the Hellenic subduction zone....

The Krbavčići landslide occurred in January 1979 near the town of Buzet, Croatia, after a long period of heavy rainfall. It is located in Northern Istria in the area built of flysch rock mass where numerous mass movements in the past and recent histo...

Evacuation zones are a critical tool for mitigating loss of life in tsunami events. In New Zealand, tsunami evacuation zones are implemented by emergency management agencies at regional or sub-regional scales, providing national coverage for populate...

Landscape archaeology has a long history of using predictive models to improve our knowledge of extant archaeological features around the world. Important advancements in spatial statistics, however, have been slow to enter archaeological predictive...

Detailed geological field mapping, integrated with meso- and microstructural investigations, kinematic of the flow and finite strain analyses, combined with geochronology, are fundamental tools to obtain information on the temperature–deformati...

Groundwater has supported 70% of the water supply at the Lower Kelantan River Basin (LKRB) since the 1930s and demand for groundwater increases annually. Groundwater has been abstracted from shallow and deep aquifers. However, a comprehensive study o...

Titanite in submarine mafic magmatic rocks of Neotethyan origin was studied to reveal its possible use as an indicator mineral of modern Cyprus-type VMS deposits. Four ore deposit bearing (mineralized) and eight barren (unmineralized) Triassic–...

The Italian seismic compilations are among the most complete and back-in time extended worldwide, with earthquakes on record even before the Common Era. However, we have surely lost the memory of dozen strong events of the historical period, mostly i...

Previously published K-Ar dating results of <2 μm illite separates from uranium-hosting and associated barren rocks from Dominique Peter district of the Carswell circular structure in the Athabasca Basin (Canada) were considered to trace four d...

The article presents the efficiency of application of cohesive soil dewatering for increasing its resistance to shearing, which influences the mass stability of flysch rock. Studies of the typical soil constituting the contact layer initiating the sl...

Corundum-rich (up to 55 vol.%) felsic dykes formed with albite, ±K-feldspar, ±hercynite and ±biotite-siderophyllite cut the lower crustal rocks exposed in the Ivrea–Verbano Zone (NW Italy). Zircon is an abundant accessory m...

In support of displacement-based design (DBD), an attenuation model for the prediction of the spectral displacement of intermediate-depth earthquakes generated by Vrancea source is proposed. DBD is an alternative to force-based design, the main benef...

In 2016, an extensive fossil forest was discovered near Meshgin Shahr, northwest Iran. Silicified tree trunks occur in Miocene fluvial sediments and at multiple stratigraphic levels within a 27-m thick sequence of Pleistocene volcaniclastics. The Mio...

Zircon grains from various metagranitoids (plagio- and monzo-granites, gneisses, metasomatic rocks, and pegmatoid veins) from the Skal’noe and Dikoe sites of the Litsa uranium ore area (Kola Region, Russia) were studied in order to reconstruct...

Sensitive clays are known for producing retrogressive landslides, also called spread or flowslides. The key characteristics associated with the occurrence of these landslides on a sensitive clay slope must be assessed, and the potential retrogressive...

Net fences are among the most widespread passive protective measures to mitigate the risk from rockfall events. Despite the current design approach being based on partial safety factors, a more efficient time-dependent reliability approach has been r...