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In contrast to a relatively simple whole structure of the African Large Low Velocity Province (LLVP), the Mid-Pacific LLVP appears to be much more complex and likely interacts more with the down-going slab debris from the circum-Pacific subduction zo...

Intense chemical weathering in tropical environments poses challenges for conventional geochemical exploration, as primary lithological signatures become heavily altered. Stream sediment geochemistry provides a robust alternative for detecting anomal...

Rock fracture connectivity is a developing concept that demonstrates the effectiveness of fracture networks in facilitating the preferential flow of fluid through the medium. This study demonstrates the significance and impact of fracture parameters...

Ground instability represents a major environmental hazard in the Loess Hilly region of Northwest China, threatening infrastructure and human safety. This study establishes an integrated information-theoretic framework for evaluating regional instabi...

Rain-on-snow (ROS) events significantly impact hydrological processes in snowy regions, yet their seasonal drivers remain poorly understood, particularly in low-elevation and low-gradient catchments. This study uses an XGBoost-SHAP explainable artifi...

Based on comprehensive interpretation of three-dimensional seismic data and quantitative analysis of basin-boundary fault activity in the Nanpu Sag, this study employs subsidence history backstripping and equilibrium profile techniques to reconstruct...

In 1870, the newly created Instituto Geográfico of Spain, the precursor of the current Instituto Geográfico Nacional (IGN), began to carry out work for the preparation of the National Topographic Map of Spain, a major project that would...

Particle size distribution (PSD), also referred to as grain-size distribution (GSD), is a fundamental characteristic of granular materials, influencing packing density, porosity, permeability, and mechanical behavior across soils, sediments, and indu...

In many gold–antimony deposits throughout the world, the sequence of Au and Sb precipitation varies significantly. In high-temperature systems such as hydrothermal Au deposits, gold typically precipitates prior to antimony, whereas in lower-tem...

A combination of fault and fracture analyses, paleostress reconstructions from calcite twins, and U-Pb dating of syn-kinematic calcite mineralization provides new insights into the Cretaceous–Tertiary tectonic evolution of the Provence fold-and...