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Pathogens, Volume 9, Issue 7

July 2020 - 82 articles

Cover Story: Campylobacter jejuni is a major foodborne pathogen with broad host specificity and a common cause of bacterial enteritis worldwide. PFGE or 7-loci MLST have traditionally been used to trace foodborne C. jejuni infections to the source animal. In this study, we use all 1343 loci of the Campylobacter core genome to analyze 622 strains isolated from food animals through the NARMS program and 222 strains from human patients. The cgMLST typing scheme, allowing for a 200-allele difference, revealed that ~80% of cattle isolates shared a typing group with human isolates, compared to only 40% of chicken isolates categorized with humans. Further, certain AMR and virulence markers were highly conserved within specific groups and animal sources. This typing scheme combined with AMR data can provide an excellent tool for source attribution of C. jejuni infections. View this paper
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Articles (82)

  • Case Report
  • Open Access
14 Citations
4,765 Views
12 Pages

Concurrent Infection of Skunk Adenovirus-1, Listeria monocytogenes, and a Regionally Specific Clade of Canine Distemper Virus in One Gray Fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) and Concurrent Listeriosis and Canine Distemper in a Second Gray Fox

  • David B. Needle,
  • Jacqueline L. Marr,
  • Cooper J. Park,
  • Cheryl P. Andam,
  • Annabel G. Wise,
  • Roger K. Maes,
  • Rebecca P. Wilkes,
  • Eman A. Anis,
  • Inga F. Sidor and
  • Dalen Agnew
  • + 5 authors

One free-ranging Gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) underwent autopsy following neurologic disease, with findings including morbilliviral inclusions and associated lesions in numerous tissues, adenoviral intranuclear inclusions in bronchial epitheli...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
3,721 Views
18 Pages

Mycobacterium bovis Population Structure in Cattle and Local Badgers: Co-Localisation and Variation by Farm Type

  • Georgina Milne,
  • Adrian Allen,
  • Jordon Graham,
  • Raymond Kirke,
  • Carl McCormick,
  • Eleanor Presho,
  • Robin Skuce and
  • Andrew W. Byrne

Bovine tuberculosis surveillance in Northern Ireland includes Multiple-Locus Variable number tandem repeat Analysis (MLVA) to determine the Mycobacterium bovis genetic type present in both cattle and the predominant wildlife host, the European badger...

  • Article
  • Open Access
26 Citations
4,738 Views
15 Pages

Monitoring Mycoplasma bovis Diversity and Antimicrobial Susceptibility in Calf Feedlots Undergoing a Respiratory Disease Outbreak

  • Claire A.M. Becker,
  • Chloé Ambroset,
  • Anthéa Huleux,
  • Angélique Vialatte,
  • Adélie Colin,
  • Agnès Tricot,
  • Marie-Anne Arcangioli and
  • Florence Tardy

Bovine respiratory diseases (BRD) are widespread in veal calf feedlots. Several pathogens are implicated, both viruses and bacteria, one of which, Mycoplasma bovis, is under-researched. This worldwide-distributed bacterium has been shown to be highly...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
4,384 Views
23 Pages

The Epstein-Barr Virus-Encoded EBNA1 Protein Activates the Bone Morphogenic Protein (BMP) Signalling Pathway to Promote Carcinoma Cell Migration

  • Hannah E. Bridgewater,
  • Kathryn L. Date,
  • John D. O’Neil,
  • Chunfang Hu,
  • John R. Arrand,
  • Christopher W. Dawson and
  • Lawrence S. Young

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) protein is expressed in all virus-associated malignancies, where it performs an essential role in the maintenance, replication and transcription of the EBV genome. In recent years, it has...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
3,320 Views
14 Pages

First Report on the Occurrence and Subtypes of Blastocystis in Pigs in Poland Using Sequence-Tagged-Site PCR and Barcode Region Sequencing

  • Monika Rudzińska,
  • Beata Kowalewska,
  • Beata Szostakowska,
  • Maciej Grzybek,
  • Katarzyna Sikorska and
  • Agnieszka Świątalska

Blastocystis is an enteric microorganism commonly found in humans and animals worldwide. Its pathogenic role in humans and transmission patterns has not been fully explained. However, nine subtypes (ST1–8, ST12) are considered as potentially zo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
5,287 Views
17 Pages

Cephalopods, an appreciated seafood product, are common hosts of marine cestodes. The aim of this work is to report visible alive plerocercoids in longfin inshore squid (Doryteuthis pealeii), a cephalopod species commercialized as fresh and whole in...

  • Review
  • Open Access
14 Citations
4,567 Views
9 Pages

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) establishes either a latent (non-productive) or lytic (productive) infection depending upon cell type, cytokine milieu and the differentiation status of the infected cell. Undifferentiated cells, such as precursor cells o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
4,756 Views
13 Pages

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Mycoplasma bovis has been previously associated with topoisomerase and ribosomal gene mutations rather than specific resistance-conferring genes. Using whole genome sequencing (WGS) to identify potential new AMR mech...

  • Review
  • Open Access
152 Citations
23,648 Views
51 Pages

West Nile Virus: An Update on Pathobiology, Epidemiology, Diagnostics, Control and “One Health” Implications

  • Gervais Habarugira,
  • Willy W. Suen,
  • Jody Hobson-Peters,
  • Roy A. Hall and
  • Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann

West Nile virus (WNV) is an important zoonotic flavivirus responsible for mild fever to severe, lethal neuroinvasive disease in humans, horses, birds, and other wildlife species. Since its discovery, WNV has caused multiple human and animal disease o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
30 Citations
7,410 Views
14 Pages

Genetic Diversity Among SARS-CoV2 Strains in South America may Impact Performance of Molecular Detection

  • Juan David Ramírez,
  • Marina Muñoz,
  • Carolina Hernández,
  • Carolina Flórez,
  • Sergio Gomez,
  • Angelica Rico,
  • Lisseth Pardo,
  • Esther C. Barros and
  • Alberto E. Paniz-Mondolfi

Since its emergence in Wuhan (China) on December 2019, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly spread worldwide. After its arrival in South America in February 2020, the virus has expanded throughout the region, i...

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Pathogens - ISSN 2076-0817